高中英语常用词组归纳.doc

高中英语常用词组归纳9    短语:    1.       hold back    (1)    控制(感情, 眼泪等)    Jim was able to hold back his anger and avoid a fight.吉姆强忍住怒火,避免了一场争斗    (2)    =keep sth. secret隐瞒, 扣压(消息等)    You must tell us the whole story; don't hold anything back.    2.       hold down     (1)    压制, 控制,制止           Hold down that noise.    (2)    使不上涨或增加, 保持较低水平                We must try to hold prices down.    3.       hold on    (1)(打时)等着, 别挂断           Hold on a minute----I'll just get a pen.    (1)    继续(坚持)下去    Try and hold on until help arrives.    4.       hold on to    (1)    抓住(不放), 抓牢        (2)    保持, 不要放弃/卖掉    5.       hold out    (1)    坚持(抵抗), 顶住(压力)             The city held out for six months under the siege.    (2)    维持, 够用, 继续运转               The food supplies held out for a week.    (3)    伸出 , 拿出, 提供                   He held out his hand in welcome.    6.  hold to   坚持(说法, 看法等), 继续(某想法, 做法等), 遵循    4.       hold sb./sth. up  (usu. Passive) = delay   推迟, 使耽搁    The traffic was held up by an accident.    We were held up for five minutes in a traffic jam.    9.       hold one's breath 屏住呼吸, 提心吊胆    They held their breath in fear.    Know    1.       be known as   作为…而出名, 被称为, 大家公认    She was well known as an excellent dancer.    2.       be known for   因…而出名/着称    Hangzhou is known for its beautiful scenery.    3.       be known to    为…所熟知的    He is known to everyone as a good actor.    4.       know about    了解, 知道…的情况, 知道…的消息    I want to know about this thing from beginning to end.    5.       know of    听说过, 知道(有…)    ----Do you know Mr. Smith?        ----No, but I know of him.    6.       know sb. by name   只知道某人的名字    know sb. by sight   和某人面熟    7.       know sth. from sth.   能分辩…    The little child doesn't know a dog from cat    leave    一词多义:    1.       离开, 前往, 出发    2.       = go without taking   遗留, 忘带    He left his bag on the train.            He left it where he had found it.    3.       交给…, 留给…    She has left a number of books with me.    ·我将把买票的事交给你.    I'll leave buying the tickets to you.  I'll leave you to buy the tickets.   I'll leave it to you to buy the tickets.    4.       剩下, 留下来(不用, 不吃, 不拿等)   (多用过去分词)    How much time is there left?    Three from seven leaves four.   (7-3=4)    If you take three from seven, four is left.    5.       听任其在某处, 使保持某一状态    leave + O + 分词    Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?    He hurried to school, leaving the breakfast unfinished.    Don't leave him waiting outside in the rain.    Leave + O + adj.    You'd better leave the door open.    His illness has left him weak.   (passive: The window was left open.)    其他情况:    The war left her an orphan.     She was left an orphan after the war.     Don't touch my writing-table; leave it as it is.    短语:    1.       leave alone    (1)    不管, 别惹, 别碰    Leave that box alone!            I should leave that question alone if I were you.    (2)    让…独自呆着            Go away and leave me alone!    2.       leave for   动身到某处    leave…for…       leave Shanghai for Beijing    3.       leave a message    4.       leave much to be desired   不够好    His behaviour left much to be desired.    5.       leave out   遗漏, 漏掉    You have left out the most important word in this sentence.。