牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit4Grammarppt课件.ppt

GrammarA1.祈使句的概念祈使句的概念祈使句表示请求、命令等它的主语是祈使句表示请求、命令等它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出祈使句肯定（听话人），通常不说出祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形祈使结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形祈使句末用感叹号或句号，句子用降调句末用感叹号或句号，句子用降调2.祈使句的结构祈使句的结构1)祈使句的肯定结构祈使句的肯定结构V型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：Sitdown!坐下！坐下！Standup!起立！起立！Be型（以型（以be开头），例如：开头），例如：Bequiet!安静！安静！Becareful！小心！小心！Let型（以型（以let开头），例如：开头），例如：Letmetry.让我试试看让我试试看Letslookatthemap.让我们看看地图让我们看看地图lets是是letus的简略式的简略式表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上或句末加上please,构成句式：构成句式：Please或或,please.以使语气更加缓和或客气以使语气更加缓和或客气例如：例如：Pleasestandup.或或Standup,please.请站起来。

请站起来Pleasehavearest.或或Havearest,please.请休息一下请休息一下2)祈使句的否定结构，一律在肯定结构前祈使句的否定结构，一律在肯定结构前加加Donot(Dont)例如：Dontgothere,please.请别去那儿请别去那儿Dontbelateforclass!上课别迟到！上课别迟到！Dontlethimin.不要让他进来不要让他进来注意：注意：Lets型祈使句，其否定式也可用型祈使句，其否定式也可用Letsnot，例如：，例如：Letsnothaverest.咱们别休息了咱们别休息了Letsnotsithere!我们不要坐在这儿！我们不要坐在这儿！What should we do in the library?Keepthelibraryquiet.Keepthelibraryclean.Readthebookscarefully.KeepthebookscleanWhat shouldnt we do in the library?Dontmakemuchnoise.Dontwriteonthebooks.Donttalktoyourclassmatesloudly.Donttakethebooksoutofthelibrary.GivinginstructionsWestartasentence(句子句子)withthebaseformofaverbwhenwewanttotellpeoplewhattodo.e.g.Putupapictureonthewall.Paintthewallsblue.Weoftenaddpleaseinasentencetomakeaninstructionmorepolite.e.g.Pleasefixtheshelfforme.Donttouchthewetpaint,please.e.g.Dontpaintthecat.Weoftenadddonot/dontinfrontofaverbwhenwewanttotellpeoplenottodosomething.Millieisteachingherclassmateshowtomakecardstohelpthemrememberthingsbetter.LookatthepicturesandhelpMilliecompletetheinstruction.Howtomakecards_ out pieces of card with a pair of scissors.Cutcutdrawgivekeeplooktrywrite_ some words or a sentence on each card.Writecutdrawgivekeeplooktrywrite_ a picture about the words or sentence on the other side of the card.Drawcutdrawgivekeeplooktrywrite_ at the picture and _ to remember what is on the other side.LooktrycutdrawgivekeeplooktrywritePlease _(not)up._ trying,and you will find you can remember things better.dontgiveKeepcutdrawgivekeeplooktrywriteHowtobuildabrickhouse?_somebricks(砖块砖块)._thewallswiththebricks._thewindowsandthedoors._surethehouseissafe.FindBuildFixMakefixbuildmakefindParkyourbikehere.Pleasegoslowly.Bequiet,please.Dontmakeanynoise.Dontswimhere.Dontparkyourbikehere.Dontsmokehere.Dontfishhere.1.剪出剪出2.写一些话或一个句写一些话或一个句子子3.在每张卡上在每张卡上4.在卡的另一面在卡的另一面5.尝试做某事尝试做某事6.记住某事记住某事7.放弃放弃8.放弃某事放弃某事/做某事做某事9.坚持尝试坚持尝试10.把事情记得更好把事情记得更好cutoutwritesomewordsorasentenceoneachcardontheothersideofthecardtrytodosth.remembersth.giveupgiveupsth./doingsth.keeptryingrememberthingsbetterUseful ExpressionsGrammarB当我们给他人提建议时，可以用当我们给他人提建议时，可以用hadbetter和和should，表示，表示“最好最好”或或“应该应该”做某事，做某事，hadbetter的语气比的语气比should强强一些。

一些Youhadbetterrefrigeratethebeerbeforedrinkingit.喝啤酒前你最好先把它冷冻一下喝啤酒前你最好先把它冷冻一下Youshouldexercisemore.你应该多锻炼你应该多锻炼hadbetter(常简略为常简略为dbetter)，是一固定，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和词组，后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化构成：数的变化构成：hadbetterdosth.句型Youdbettergotohospitalatonce.你最好立即去医院看病你最好立即去医院看病Tom,youdbettergotheretoday.汤姆，你最好今天去那儿汤姆，你最好今天去那儿hadbetter的否定式是将的否定式是将not直接放在直接放在hadbetter的后面Youhadbetternotmissthelastbus.你最好不要错过末班公共汽车你最好不要错过末班公共汽车should后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化和数的变化Youshouldstopsmoking.你应该戒烟你应该戒烟should的否定式是的否定式是shouldnot/shouldnt。

Youshouldntdrinkanddrive.你不应该喝酒后开车你不应该喝酒后开车UsingshouldandhadbetterWeuseshouldandhadbetterwhengivingadviceandtellingpeoplewhatwethinkisthebestorrightthingtodo.Thetoneofhadbetterisstrongerthanshould.e.g.YoushouldknowalittleaboutDIY.Youshouldnotputsomanybooksontheshelf.Yourwatchisbroken.Youhadbetterbuyanewone.Youhadbetternotbelateforschool.DIYadviceSuzyisgivingDIYadvicetoherclassmates.Readtheadvicebelow.HelpSuzymakesentenceswithshould(not)orhadbetter(not).abeginyourworkwithoutreadingthembjoinaDIYclubtolearnmoreaboutitcbepatientdbuysometolearnmoreaboutiteplaywiththemwhenyoudoDIYjobs1.TherearemanyusefulbooksaboutDIY.Youshould/hadbetterbuysometolearnmoreaboutit.2.DIYisnoteasy.Youshould/hadbetterjoinaDIYclubtolearnmoreaboutit.Youshouldnt/hadbetternotbeginyourworkwithoutreadingthem.3.Instructionsareimportant.Youshould/hadbetterbecarefulwhenyouusethem.4.Scissorscanbedangerous.Youshould/hadbetterbepatient.5.SometimesitlltaketimetodoaDIYjob.HowtobeagoodstudentYou_belateforschool.You_listencarefullyinclass.should(not);hadbetter(not)shouldnt/hadbetternotshould/hadbetterDiscuss and fill in the blanks.You_lookoutofthewindowinclass.You_keepyourclassroomclean.You_befriendlytoothers.should/hadbettershouldntshould/hadbetterI.单项选择。

单项选择1.TheTVistooloud.Please_.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._lateagain,Bill!A.DonttobeB.DontbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.WontC.DoesntD.Dont4._methetruth,orIllbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.TellII.句型转换句型转换1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?(改为祈使句改为祈使句)_againmoreslowly,please.2.Ifyoudontlistentome,Illgo.(改为同义句改为同义句)_me,orIllgo.3.Theteachersoftentellthestudentsnottobecareless.(改为祈使句改为祈使句)_careless,please.4.PleasesitnexttoNancy.(改为否定句改为否定句)。