【精品】浅谈黑人的语言与文化.doc

学号：BE03110707哈尔滨师范大学学士学位论文题目：浅谈黑人语言和文化学生：李媛指导教师：许宏晨讲师年级：2003级专业：英语系别：英语系学院：恒星学院THESIS PAPERENGLISH DEP.STAR COLLEGEHAERBIN NORMAL UNIVERSITYTITLE: On Culture and Language of Black PeopleSTUDENT: LI YUANTUTOR: Xu Hongchen (Lecturer)GRADE: GRADE 2003MAJOR: BUSINESS ENGLISHDEPARTMENT: ENGLISH DEPARTMENTCOLLEGE: STAR COLLEGEMay, 2007HARBIN NORMAL UNIVERSITYOn Culture and Language of Black PeopleLI YuanAbstract: This paper aims to discuss the culture and language of black people・ It will focus on some aspects, such as pronunciation, the grammar of Black English, use of Black English, the culture of the black. However it could tell the differences between American English and British English. From all these regardings, I would like to cover another theme, which is the peace. From the history of Black people, it is not difficult to know the birth of Black English. Black Peopled history has an effect on their language. Key words: Black English; character of linguistic; language differences; cultureI ・ Brief Introduction of Black English"Black English11 can refer to two different language varieties: (1) the type of English used by people of African and Caribbean descent who live in Britain; (2) the language of African-Americans (negroes) in the United States. This is usually called Black English Vernacular or BEV for short. nBlack Englishn in both senses has its historical roots in a creolised form of English，which dates back to the time of slavery. Creoles are languages which evolve from Pidgins when the pidgins become first languages for some or all of their speakers. Black English Vernacular has a somewhat different history (and is a different language) from British Black English・ This unit will concentrate on British Black English・ Most of the creoles used in Europe (unlike the creole variety of Tok Pisin, for example) have their origins in the slave trade which involved four continents: Europe, Africa and North and South America. As a result, most of the Creoles used in Britain have an element of African language patterns in their Ship left English ports such as Liverpool, Lancaster, Bristol and Cardiff with cargoes of manufactured goods which they traded for slaves along the African coast. Slaves were boarded at different trading stations and usually had been captured inland, so that they spoke many different languages, and usually could not speak each others language. Under these conditions, with very restricted contact between the slaves and the English crew, a pidgin developed which was used for communication not just between the slaves and their masters, but between the slaves themselves.The slave traders brought their human cargo across the "Middle Passage11 between Africa and the Americas and sold them there to plantation owners. Slaves who spoke the same language were kept apart deliberately to prevent them from rebelling. Thus the pidgin continued to be used among the slaves even on the plantations. Children born on the plantations came to learn the pidgin as their first language (though sometimes they also learnt an African language as well). In this way the pidgin acquired native speakers, and became a creole. Because of the importance of African languages in the slave community, the Creole spoken still showed many similarities to African languages, especially languages of West Africa, where most slaves came from. Sranan Tongo ("Surinam Tongue”)is the creole language of Surinam, a large country on the Caribbean coast of South America. Surinam was a Dutch colony for 300 years up to 1975, but English, not Dutch, is the source for most of the vocabulary of Sranan. This is because English planters were the first to bring slaves to the colony. They stayed only about 20 years before being driven out by the Dutch. But the slaves stayed on, and an English-based had taken root in that short space of time. Conditions in Surinam were so bad for the slaves that they died in very large numbers. Fresh loads of slaves had to be brought from Africa to Surinam throughout a period of about 200 years. Not surprisingly，the African influence on Sranan is very strong. This influence can be seen in idioms with African counterparts, like atibron meaning anger from ati HheartH and bron "burn”, wasi-bere "last childn from wasi ”wash” and bere "belly”. Some West African languages have similar expressions. Personal names like Kwami, Kwasi and Abeni which are still used in Ghana (West Africa) were once common in Surinam.II ・ Character of Black EnglishIn the history of language forming, there is a long period of time. The earliest form is poetry, such as in Shakespeare time, Britain, people justify British English as the Standard English・ The accent of British English had been taken an example to any English speaking country. With the Black people were shipped to American to develop that field, the language were formed at that time. In the past, colour race people were the。