动词的不规则变化.doc

动词不规则变化一、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同共9个） cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let— let put—put—put read—read—read set—set—set shut—shut—shut 二、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同共41个） 1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought3个） bring—brought—brought buy— bought—bought think—thought— thought 2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t4个） build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3．过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught2个） catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4．把-eep变为-ept。

3个） keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept 5把-ell变为-old2个） tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6．过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt4个） smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spill—spilt—spilt 7．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t3个） learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant spoil—spoilt—spoilt 8．过去式、过去分词词尾是d4个） say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 9．改变元音字母11个） meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find— found—found hold—held—held spit—spat—spat shine— shone—shone win—won—won hang—hung—hung dig— dug—dug lose—lost—lost 10．改变辅音字母。

1个） make—made—made 11改变元、辅音字母4个） leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have（has）— had—had understand—understood—understood 三、A—B—C型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同共35个） 1i—a—u变化6个） begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk sing— sang—sung ring—rang—rung swim—swam—swum sink— sank—sunk 2词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n5个） blow—blew—blown draw—drew—drawn grow— grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown（show除外） 3词尾为“i＋辅（1个）＋e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n4个）（give，hide除外） drive—drove—driven write—wrote—written ride— rode—ridden rise—rose—risen 4过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。

5个） break—broke—broken choose—chose—chosen freeze—froze—frozen speak—spoke—spoken wake—woke— woken 5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成1个） forget—forgot—forgotten 6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成6个） be—was（were）—been eat—ate—eaten fall—fell—fallen give—gave—given see—saw—seen hide—hid—hidden（hid） 7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n2个） take—took—taken mistake—mistook—mistaken 8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同6个） do—did—done fly—flew—flown go—went—gone lie—lay—lain show—showed—shown wear—wore—worn 四、A—A—B型，即过去式和原形相同。

1个） beat—beat—beaten 五、A—B—A型，即过去分词和原形相同3个） come—came—come become—became—become run— ran—run 六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词4个） can—could may—might will—would shall—should 文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词，还有一种规则变化形式1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。

burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） （1）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。

eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 （2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 （3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。

begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 （4）其他不规则动词的变化 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿。