2015年考研英语一试题及答案.pdf

2015年考研英语一试题及答案完整版Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)foreach numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWERSHEET.(10 points)Though not biologically related,friends are as“related”as fourth cousins,sharing about 1%of genes.That is _(1)_a study,published from the University ofCalifornia and Yale University in the Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences,has(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted_(3)1,932 unique subjects which(4)pairs ofunrelated friends and unrelated strangers.The samepeople were used in both_(5)_.While 1%may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist.As James Fowler,professor of medical genetics at UC SanDiego,says,Most people do not even _(7)_their fourthcousins but somehow manage to select as friends thepeople who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell weresomething shared in friends but not genes forimmunity.Why this similarity exists in smell genes isdifficult to explain,for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests,itdraws us to similar environments but there is more_(1There could be many mechanisms working together that_(12)_us in choosing genetically similarfriends_(1 BJJfunctional Kinship of being friendswith_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was thesimilar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genesStudying this could help_(16)_why human evolution pickedpace in the last 30,000 years,with social environmentbeing a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain peoples_(18)_tobefriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds,say theresearchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from apopulation of European extraction,care was takento_(20)_that all subjects,friends and strangers,were takenfrom the same population.1.A when B why C how D what2.A defended B concluded C withdrawn Dadvised3.A for B with C on D by4.A compared B sought C separated Dconnected5.A tests B objects Csamples D examples6.A insignificant B unexpected Cunbelievable Dincredible7.A visit B miss C seek D know8.A resemble B influence C favor D surpass9.A again B also C instead D thus10.A Meanwhile B Furthermore C Likewise DPerhaps11.A about B to Cfrom Dlike12.A drive B observe C confuse Dlimit13.A according to B rather than C regardless of Dalong with14.A chances Bresponses Cmissions Dbenefits15.A later Bslower C faster D earlier16.Aforecast Bremember CunderstandDexpress17.A unpredictable Bcontributory C controllableD disruptive18.A endeavor Bdecision Carrangement Dtendency19.A political B religious C ethnic D economic20.A see B show C prove D tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questionsbelow each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings dontabdicate,they dare in their sleep.But embarrassingscandals and the popularity of the republican left in therecent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words andstand down.So,does the Spanish crisis suggest thatmonarchy is seeing its last days?Does that mean thewriting is on the wall for all European royals,with theirmagnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for andagainst monarchy.When public opinion is particularlypolarised,as it was following the end of the Franco regime,monarchs can rise above“mere politics and embody aspirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics thatexplains monarchs continuing popularity polarized.Andalso,the Middle East excepted,Europe is the mostmonarch-infested region in the world,with 10 kingdoms(not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unlike theirabsolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royalfamilies have survived because they allow voters to avoidthe difficult search for a non-controversial but respectedpublic figure.Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have adownside.Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be,their very historyand sometimes the way they behavetoday-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges andinequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and othereconomists are warning of rising inequality and theincreasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre thatwealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolicheart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon orhide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesseshave day-jobs and ride bicycles,not horses(or helicopters).Even so,these are wealthy families who party with theinternational 1%,and media intrusiveness makes itincreasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smartenough to survive for some time to come,it is the Britishroyals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved themonarchys reputation with her rather ordinary(ifwell-heeled)granny style.The danger will come withCharles,who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and apretty hierarchical view of the world.He has fai。