初中现在完成时课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,,*,,,Grammar,,,,What do you like doing?,,,When did you start it?,,,Do you … it now?,Do you like swimming?,,When did you start?,,Do you swim now?,,How long have you swum?,,,,,,,结构,,,肯定式:,,,主语+,have/has + 过去分词,,,(,规则变化+ ed,),,(,见不规则动词表,),,,否定式:,,,主语+,haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词,,…,,,疑问句:,,,,Have/Has,+主语+,过去分词,,+…?,,,,,,have,,receive,,get,,see,,live,,teach,,learn,,lose,had, had,,received, received,,got, gotten,,saw, seen,,lived, lived,,taught, taught,,learnt, learnt,,lost, lost,,,,,,give,,get,,make,,buy,,have,,say,,know,,go,,be,gave , given,,got, got/gotten,,made, made,,bought, bought,,had, had,,said, said,,knew, known,,went, gone,,was/were, been,,,,I have been to China three times.,一般疑问句,2. We have studied English since we were children.否定句,3. Mr Smith has visited many cities,since he came to China.划线提问,Have you been to China three times?,We haven’t studied English since we were children.,How long has Mr Smith visited many cities?,,,,用法,,(1),现在完成时表示过去发生的动作，并对现在有影响。

常与,already, yet, just, recently, ever,,,never, before, in the past…years,等表示不确定时间的时间状语连用I have returned the book,already.,,,,Have you heard from your father,recently,?,,,,He hasn’t come back,yet,.,,,,,(2),现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态此时，句中谓语动词通常是,延续性动词,，且常与表示,一段时间的时间状语,连用如：,these days,,,all this year,,,recently,,,,,for+时间段,以及,since+时间点,等等Zhang Lan _____ already_____ in the school,for two years,. (study),,,Mr Green _____ _____ in China,since ten years ago,. (work),,has,studied,has worked,,,,现在完成时和一般过去时,1. 现在完成时表示,过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果,强调现在的情况,.不能和过去的时间状语连用.,yesterday, last night, in1999,2. 一般过去时,只表示过去的动作和状态,和现在不发生关系,,它和过去的时间状语连用.,I have seen the film.,,我看过这部电影.(我了解这部电影的内容),I saw the film last week.,,我上星期看了这部电影.(只说明上星期看了这部电影,不),,,,I ___ (get) the globe on my fifth birthday.,,My mother __________(play) the piano already. She _______(play) it last night.,,I ___________(have) just supper. I _____ (have) it just now.,,They __________ (see) the film recently. They ____ (say) they liked it very much.,,He ___________ (look) for his dog for two days.,got,has played,played,have had,had,have seen,said,has looked,,,,注意要点,现在完成时,不能,和表,“,过去”的时间副词或短语连用,.,,,如,:,yesterday, last year, in 1990,不能与它连用,.,,I have bought the book,yesterday,.(,×,),,(2) 现在完成时动词如是,短暂性动词,不能带for或since短语或从句作状语.(肯定句),,I have bought the book for two years.,(×),如在现在完成时中,,短暂性动词与一段时间连用,,应把,短暂性动词,改为,持续性动词,.,I,have had,the bike for two years .,= I,have had,the bike since two years ago.,=,It,is,,two years,,since,I,bought,the book.,= I bought the bike two years ago.,,短暂性动词,持续性动词,get, arrive, reach,be in/at…/here/there,join,,buy,,close,,become,,lose,,begin /start,,be in…/be a member of,,have,,be closed,,be,,be lost,,be on,,receive,,leave / go,,come,,begin to study,,get up,,have got,,catch a cold,,make friends,have,,be away,,live/work/stay/teach…,,study,,be up,,have,,have a cold,,be friends,,短暂性动词,持续性动词,,短暂性动词,,,持续性动词,,borrow / lend,,fall asleep / ill,,get to know,,die,,get married,,buy,,finish,keep, have,,be asleep / ill,,know,,be dead,,be married,,have,,be over,,They have bought the book since two days ago.,(×),They,have had,the book since two days ago.,2. Tom’s father has died for two years.,(×),Tom’s father,has been dead,for two years.,3. I have left school for two years.,(×),I,have been away from,school for two years.,,,1. He has borrowed the pen for two days.,(×),He has had the pen for two days.,= He,has had,the pen,since,two days ago.,= He,borrowed,the pen two years,ago,.,=,It is,two years,since,he borrowed the pen .,(,∨,),,(3),短暂,性动词可用在,不带一段时间,状语的现在完成时中,I have lost my library book.,,,The film has begun.,,(3),表在过去某时发生的动作,但现已成为一种经验,,汉语中常用 “曾经”, “从来没有”, “过”等词.,,常与,ever, never, once, twice, three times, before等连用.,,I have never seen him before.,He has once taught here.,,(4) 在,否定句,中,短暂性动词可与,since或for一段时间状语连用.,I haven’t seen you for a long time.,,（4）,have been (to)和have gone (to),的区别：,,,“have been (to)”,指“到过某地”， 说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来、侧重指经历。

have gone (to)”,指“已经去了某地”， 说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里have been in”,,呆在某地,,,1. I have been to Shanghai twice.,2. My father has gone to Shanghai.,3. He has been in Shanghai for two years.,,I ____ to the Great Wall three times.,,go B. have gone C. went D. have been,,2. He has worked at the factory____ he came to the city.,,since B. before C. when D. as soon as,,3. The Whites____ many places since they came to China.,,have visited B. will visit C. visited D. visit,,4. My teapot is empty. Who ___ all my tea?,,A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drink,D,A,A,C,,5.------___your brother ____ a new watch?,,------ Not yet.,,A. Have ,bought B. Does buy,,C. Has ,bought D. will buy,,6. How long have you ____ the radio?,,A. bought B. found C. had D. borrowed,C,C,,It is about ten years since he left the town.,1. He has ____ ______ from the town ______ about ten years.,2. He has been ____ from the town _____ about ten years ____.,3. He _____ the town about ten years _____.,been away,for,away,since,ago,left,ago,,,,,Thank you,,。