
七年级上册英语冠词讲解+练习题(共12页).doc
12页精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上七年级英语冠词的用法1.冠词的分类冠词可以分为不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词(不用冠词)2.冠词的用法一. 不定冠词的用法 不定冠词a (an)表示的意思是“一个”a用于辅音音素开头的词前;而an则用于元音音素开头的词前 注意:这里讲的音素指的是发音,不是指辅音字母例:hotel knife tool useful book uniform uncle ant eye ear English book egg apple old man elephant one-eyed man hour D F1.用于可数名词的单数形式前,表示“一” There is an apple on the plate.a. a (an) 虽表示“一个”,但不强调数量,而是强调类别;one则强调数量例:I bought a computer. 我买了一台电脑不是收音机和电视机)I bought one computer. 我买了一台电脑 (不是两台)Would you like an ice cream? 来一客冰淇淋好吗?(不是别的食物)She gave one ice cream to them each. 她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。
不是两根)b. 表示数量对比时,要用one, 不用a(an)我有一支红铅笔,但是他有三支I have a red pencil, but she has three. (误)I have one red pencil, but she has three. (正)我只需要一美元,但他给了我两美元I only want a dollar, but he has given me two. (误)I only want one dollar, but he has given me two. (正)2.表示一类人或物A dog is a cute animal.3.第一次提到某人或某物This is an English-Chinese dictionary.A girl wants to see you. 一位姑娘要见你4.用于专有名词前,表示不认识某人A Zhang called you just now. 一位姓张的刚才给你打A Mr. Smith wanted to see you. 有位史密斯先生想要见你5.表示身份、职业不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业,尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。
例:She is a high school teacher. Her name is Li Fang. 她是一位中学教师,名叫李芳The Whites wanted their daughter to be a musician. 怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家6. 用在表示自然现象的名词前这类名词有:rain 雨,wind风, fog雾, snow雪, air空气, storm风暴, snowstorm 暴风雪这类名词前有形容词修饰时,可用不定冠词,表示“一场,一阵,一种”例:A cold wind is blowing from the north. 冷风从北方吹来There was a heavy rain last night. 昨晚下了一场大雨A heavy snow is falling outside. 外面正下着大雪注意:这类名词表示一般物质时,不用冠词例:Rain falls in summer; snow falls in winter. 夏天下雨,冬天下雪Man cant live without air. 没有空气人不能活7. 在一些固定搭配中 a lot of/ a little/ a few/ a pair of/ a set of 等二、定冠词的用法 定冠词(the)是 this/these/that/those的总称,放在名词前,表示特定的事物或人。
定冠词the,在以辅音音素开头的词前读作[ə], 在以元音音素开头的词前读作[i] 例:the table 那张桌子 the animal 那只动物1.第二次提到某人或某物,用定冠词the Look! There is a ball under the table. The ball is mine.2.用于指说话双方都知道的事物或人 Please close the door!3.表示世上独一无二的事物 The earth goes around the sun.4.定冠词放在姓氏复数前,表示“……一家” The Greens are from Australia.5.定冠词后接单数名词表示一类人或物 The dog is a kind of cute animal.提示:不定冠词+单数名词,不带冠词的复数名词也可表示一类人或物 例:A car runs faster than a bus. 小汽车比公交车跑得快 Cars run faster than buses. A dog is a faithful animal. 狗是忠实的动物 Dogs are faithful animals.6. 定冠词和形容词连用,也可以代表某类人或物。
the poor the bad the rich the good7. 演奏某项乐器时,乐器前需加the如: play the drums/play the piano/ play the violin8.用在表示方向、方位的名词前这类词有:the east东方,the west西方,the south南方,the north北方,the right右边,the left左边例:The birds are flying to the north. 这些鸟向北方飞去The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.从东方升起,在西方落下The wind was blowing from the south. 风从南方吹来She lived to the west of the Summer Palace. 她住在颐和园的西边Walk along the road and take the first turning on the right. 沿着这条路往前走,在第一个路口往右拐He stood at the back of the door. 他站在门背后。
9.在一些固定搭配中如: in the morning in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 all the year round 一年到头三. 名词前不用冠词的情况1 专有名词前不用冠词专有名词前不用定冠词,包括人名、地名、月份、周日、节日等例:月份January 一月May 五月October 十月周日Monday 星期一Friday 星期五Sunday 星期天季节spring 春天summer 夏天autumn 秋天winter 冬天节日Christmas Day 圣诞节New Years Day 元旦New Years Eve 除夕National Day 国庆节Teachers Day 教师节人名Mary 玛丽Jones 琼斯Mr. Brown 布朗先生Porfessor Smith 史密斯教授地名Asia 亚洲China 中国Britain 英国Beijing 北京New York 纽约Shanghai Road 上海路Tian An Men Square 天安门广场Spring is coming. 春天就要到了These birds fly to the south in winter. 这些鸟冬天飞往南方。
She came on Friday. 她星期五来的提示:a 如果月份、季节名词带有修饰语,表示特定的时间,要加定冠词季节名词在上下文中表示特定的一段时间,要加定冠词例:They built the bridge in the spring of 2003. 他们是在2003年的春天修建这座桥的The fire broke out on the Friday when they were not at home. 失火是在星期五,当时他们不在家These animals eat nothing all through the winter. 这些动物整个冬天都不吃东西b 但要说the Spring Festival(春节),以festival组成的节日名称前要加the.例:the Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节the Dragon-boat Festival 端午节2 物质名词表示一般概念时,不用冠词例:Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾Rice is grown in the south. 南方种水稻They are short of food. 他们缺少食物。
提示:a 如果物质名词表示特指或有定语修饰,则要加定冠词比:Snow is falling hard. 雪正下得很大The snow in the field has melted. 田里的雪已经融化了She likes milk very much. 她非常喜欢喝牛奶The milk in the bottle has gone sour. 瓶里的牛奶酸了b 物质名词用于表示“一客、一杯、一份、一种、一阵”时,要用不定冠词例:Id like an ice cream. 我要一冰淇淋A tea and two coffees, please. 请来一杯茶、两杯咖啡There was a heavy rain this morning. 今天早上下了一场大雨3 抽象名词表示一般概念时,不用冠词例: Does he like music? 他喜欢音乐吗?Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母提示a 抽象名词有定语修饰,表示特指时,要加定冠词例:I like the music of the TV play. 我喜欢这部电视剧中的音乐。
b 抽象名词表示“一种,一类,一次,一番,一例”等概念时,要加不定冠词例:Maths is a science. 数学是一门科学He lives a happy life. 他过得幸福的生活She has a good knowledge of English. 她精通英语Lets go for a swim. 我们去游泳吧He had a wash first. 他先洗了洗4 表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词例:I usually have breakfast at seven. 我通常在七点钟吃早饭He doesnt have lunch at home. 他通常不在家吃午饭Dinne。












