《动词不定式》PPT课件.ppt
45页
动动词词不不定定式式To do that sort of thing is foolishI want to see you this evening.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语主语 宾语宾语表语表语 定语定语 状语状语 宾补宾补 作主语作主语To give up smoking is right.It is right to give up smoking.试比较：试比较：It is impossible for you to persuade him.It is very kind of you to help me. Seeing is believing.To see is to believe. 动词不定式做宾语1.某些及物动词:ask,agree,care,choose,demand,dare,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等不能用-ing形式作宾语，只能用动词不定式Tom refused to lend me his pen. 2.某些及物动词：begin,start,like,love,hate,continue,prefer可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语I prefer to go to Paris by air.I prefer going to Paris by air. 3.某些及物动词：forget,remember,try,regret,go on,mean等可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语，但表达的意思不同I forget to bring my homework.I forget opening the windows. 4.某些动词:tell,advise,show,teach,learn,know,decide,find out等，作其宾语的动词不定式前往往加一个疑问词I don’t know how to cook.He told me how to get to the station. 5.及物动词want,need,require等，当其主语是“物”时，表示“需要”，常用动词不定式的被动式作宾语Your bedroom needs to be cleaned.Your bedroom needs cleaning. 6.介词后一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可用带疑问词的不定式Marx gave some advice on howto learn English well.但but,except后可跟不定式作宾语The boss had no choice but togive in.但当主要动词是do时，to省掉They could do nothing but wait. 作宾语作宾语Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。
没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作请注意；请注意；Karl Marx found it important to study the situation of Russia. 作表语作表语My job is to teach English.试比较；试比较；My job is teaching English. 动词不定式做定语动词不定式作定语要放在被修饰词后Have you got any questions to ask?如被修饰词和作定语的不定式没有直接的动宾关系，不定式后应有相应的介词I have no chair to sit in. 当句中有不定式的逻辑主语时，作定语的动词不定式用主动形式表被动I have got a lot of things to deal with.Have you got anything to eat? 当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时，作定语的不定式一般要用被动语态“Would you please have a letter to be typedto be typed, manager?”asked the office worker. 作定语作定语Do you have anything to say?1. 你有什么要说的吗你有什么要说的吗?2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人是第一个知道这真相的人 Betty was the first to know the truth 动词不定式做状语动词不定式做状语1.In order to和so as to…意义上没区别，但so as to…不能置于句首2.adj/adv+enough to…3.too+adj/adv+to…有肯定与否定The child is too young to dress himself. 否定否定She is too anxious to know the rusults.(ready/easy/eager/glad to) 作状语作状语He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.They jumped with joy to hear the news.I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语 作宾补作宾补She asked me to stay there.1. 她叫我呆在这儿。
她叫我呆在这儿2.请允许我介绍请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you. 注意注意A.有些动词后面的不定式有些动词后面的不定式不带不带to，如，如feel（一感）（一感）hear,listen to（二听）（二听）make, have, let（三让）（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）（四看）.I heard them sing a pop song .The teacher made me answer the question.We watched them play football . 注意注意 B. 动词不定式的否定式只须在动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加前加 not.My father decided not to take up the job.The teacher told us not to be late again. 注意注意C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑问词前加疑问词Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.Can you tell me where to get the book? 注意注意D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去动词不定式常常省去to 后面后面的动词，只的动词，只保留保留to 。
A:Would you like to come to my party?Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用 动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.㈠㈠. 一般式一般式( to do ).不定式的一般式所不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生发生，或之后发生 ㈡㈡.进行式进行式( to be doing)1. I am very glad to be working with you.2. He is said to be coming.如果谓语表示的动作如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正定式所表示的动作正在进行。
在进行动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态 动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态㈢㈢.完成式（完成式（to have done)1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.如果谓语表示如果谓语表示的动作发生在的动作发生在不定式之前不定式之前 动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态㈠㈠.主动式主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done)1. We want to learn English well.2.Robert is said____abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in.(NMET99)A.to have studied B.to studyB.C. made D. to make当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时动作的执行者时. 动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态㈡㈡.被动式被动式( to be done / to have been done)1. He didn’t like to be laughed at.2. He claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海（上海98））A.being badly treated B.treating badlyB.C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时的动作的承受者时. 1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier2. ________ it more difficult. (MET99)3. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 4.2. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ______ in my new job. (NMET2000)5. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects高考题汇集高考题汇集：： 3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _____the first computer. (MET1998)A.to invent B. inventing B.C. to have invented C. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _______ to carry all the way home. (MET2003)A.much too heavy B. too much heavy B.C. heavy too much D. too heavy much 5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______. (NMET95)A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _____ to the theatre this evening. (MET 97)A.to be taken B. to take B. C. being taken D. taking 7.There are five pairs ___,but I’m at a loss which to buy.(1999上海高考上海高考)A.to be chosen B. to choose from B.C. to choose D. for choosing8. ________late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考年北京春季高考) A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of difficult problems ________,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002年上海春季高考年上海春季高考)A.settled B. settling B. C.to settle D. being settled10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_____in making the earth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考上海春季高考)A.to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run companies are trying ______their products more competitive. ( 2002上海春季高考上海春季高考)A.to make B. makingB.C. to have made D.having made12. The teacher asked us_______so much noise. (2003北京春季高考北京春季高考)A.don't make B. not makeC. not making D. not to make 1. —The light in the office is still on. ---Oh, I forgot . A. turning it off B. turn it off C.. having turned it off D. to turn it off2. She can’t help ______ the house because she’s busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. Cleaned D. being c leaned3. Not everybody has the ability in public. A. of speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak练习练习 4. Mary is always the first student4. Mary is always the first student to answer the to answer the teacherteacher’s questions in class.s questions in class. A. rising B. to rise A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risenC. rose D. risen5.5.— Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day?every day? --- --- __ __enough protein and nutrition as you are enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.growing up.A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be gettinggetting6.6.—Would you be so kindWould you be so kind us out? ---With us out? ---With pleasure.pleasure.A. helping B. in helping C. help D. as to helpA. helping B. in helping C. help D. as to help 7. Wet umbrellas are not allowedWet umbrellas are not allowed into this hotel into this hotel according to the rule.according to the rule.A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking 8. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I didn’t know what 8. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in.country he studied in. A to have studied B to study A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying C to be studying D to have been studying9. In Australia he made a lot of friends9. In Australia he made a lot of friends ____ ____a very a very practical knowledge of English.practical knowledge of English.A.A. get B. getting C. to get D. got get B. getting C. to get D. got 1.Last summer I took a lesson on_____. A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be made C.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be madeExtra exercisesExtra exercisesA A 2. She pretended_____ me when I passed by.A.not to seeB.not seeingC.to not seeD.having not seenA A 3.Tom kept quiet about the accident_____ lose his job.A.so not as toB.so as not toC.so as to notD.not so as toB B 4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped____on a big rock by the side of the path.A.To have rested B.RestingC.To restD.restC C 5. “the light in the office is stil on.”“oh,I forgot____.”A.turning it offB.turn it offC.to turn it offD.having turned it offC C 6.John was made____ the truck for a week as a punishment.A.To washB.WashingC.WashD.To be washingA A 7.Your chest needs____. You’d better have it_____ in the hospital.A.To be examined; examineB.To be examined; examinedC.examining; examineD.Being examined; examinedB B 8. I remembered___ the English novel at home yesterday forgetting_____ it to the library.A.leaving; to returnB.To leave; returnC.leaving; returningD.To leave; to returnA A 10. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the 10. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.operation. A. to eat not B. eating not A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eatingC. not to eat D. not eating11. We agreed ___ here, but so far she hasn’t turned 11. We agreed ___ here, but so far she hasn’t turned out yet.out yet. A. having met B. meeting A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met C. to meet D. to have met12. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He 12. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard.always works hard. A. learn B. to learn A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learningC. learned D. learning 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