
四级翻译必备知识与历年考题分析.doc
10页O四级翻译必备知识与历年考题分析O考点O 1语法考点一虚拟语气倒装从句2词组词汇考点重复的高频词组注:极大的减少工作量O虚拟语气O 四级:06-6-89, 06-12-89/90O 六级:大纲样题72, 06-12-新72,07-6-84, 07-12-82,08-6-83 08-12-84注:六级在新题型中,每次5题翻译中必考一次虚拟语气O倒装O 四级:大纲样题 88, 06-6-90, 08-6-91O 六级:大纲样题76, 06-12-新76,07-6-83, 07-12-86,08-6-85注:同样地,六级在新题型中,每次5题翻译中必考一次倒装O虚拟语气3大考点O 1.建议句型O 2.对过去的虚拟O 3.含蓄条件句(仅六级考察,四级不做要求)O虚拟语气1. 建议句型a) Sb. suggest that one (should) do sth.O 建议 suggest advise, proposeO 要求 require, request, desireO 命令 demand, order, commandO 其他 recommend, insist, prefer注:不用背,只要看到知道后面用虚拟。
O虚拟语气1. 建议句型b) It is + adj. /Ved+ that sb. should do sthVed:就是前面罗列的四类动词的过去式也用虚拟adj: 好 reasonable, rational, wise, desirable, fair, natural 重要 important, vital, crucial, urgent, essentialO虚拟语气2对过去的虚拟If one had done sth., one should/could/would have done sth.O虚拟语气对过去的虚拟1. 与现在相反If Ved,主语would eg:如果上天再给我一次机会的话,我一定会对那女孩说三个字:我爱你2. 与将来相反 If should/were to,主语 would3. 与过去相反If had done,主语would have done (这是考察重点)eg:假如我再认真点的话,我就通过考试了O虚拟语气3含蓄条件句假设的情况不用从句if,而用介词/介词短语表示,如:otherwise, without, but for, in case of 例:要不是你帮助我的话,我就没有机会上大学了。
If you hadnt helped me, (But for your help), I would not have had a chance to go to college.O虚拟语气4. It is ... time that one did (过去式)是时候你该睡觉了是时候该采取些措施来解决这个问题了注:历史上没考过,所以没有正式归类O真题■虚拟语气O 四级 06-6-89O The professor required that(我们交研究报告)语法:虚拟1.建议句型词汇:hand in; researchO真题■虚拟语气O 四级 06-12-89O The victim(本来有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.语法:虚拟2.对过去的虚拟词汇:实意动词〃有〃和助动词have的重复O真题-虚拟语气O六级大纲样题72O It was essential that(我们在月底前签订合同).语法:虚拟1建议句型b形容词表重要词汇:签订合同O真题■虚拟语气O 六级06-12-新72O If you had(听从了我的忠告,你就不会陷入麻烦). 语法:虚拟2对过去的虚拟 词汇:听从;陷入麻烦O真题■虚拟语气O 六级 07-6-84O It is absolutely unfair that these children(被剥夺了受教育的权利). 语法:虚拟 1 建议句型 b 形容词"好"V\\ fair, natural, reasonable, rational, desirable, wise 词汇:剥夺权利O真题-虚拟语气O 六级 07-12-89O But for mobile phones,俄们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方 便).语法:虚拟3含蓄条件句but for=与现在相反。
词汇:通信;迅速和方便O真题-虚拟语气O 六级 08-6-83O Mary couldnt have received my letter,.(否则她上周就该 信了)语法:虚拟3含蓄条件句otherwise二与过去相反词汇:回信O六级最新真题:虚拟语气O 2008年12月20日的六级考试第84题O I dont think it advisable that parents deprive their children of freedom (剥夺孩子们的 自山)to spend their spare time as they wish.语法:虚拟lb)形容词advisable引导的虚拟词汇:剥夺O倒装O倒装分为:完全倒装&部分倒装O在完全倒装(不做考点)中,动浏完全提前•1. 地点状语提前 Hawaii School Motto2. 当句首为副词 out , in , up , down , off ,here , there 等 如:In came the doctor.3. 某些表示祝愿的句子也可用完全倒装(或部分倒装)如:Long live the Chinese Communist Party of China !(万 岁) May the force be with you!(电影)O部分倒装1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语,^11 never, seldom, little, scarcely, hardly, not only... butalso..(前倒后不倒) no sooner... than, hardly/scarcely... when...(前倒后不倒;前过完,后过) not until...(前不倒后倒;前过完,后过)注:hardly/scarcely/no sooner had I... when/than I became excited.比较:not until I had... did I became excited.2. Only在句首写作经典句子: Only in this way can we solve this problem and build up an orderly and harmonious society.O倒装真题O四级大纲样题88O Not only(他向我收费过高),but he didnt do a good repair job either.O 语法:部分倒装1.否定词提前,助动伺提前。
Not only前倒,but also后不倒O词汇:要价O倒装真题O 四级 08-6-91O 91. (直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.O语法:部分倒装1.否定词提前中not until前不倒后倒;语法前过完后过O词汇:使命O四级08年12月91题O 91. The anti-virus agent was not known(直到一名医生偶然 发现了它).O语法:如果 not until不放句首则不倒装,切记! 词汇:“偶然”by accident/chance 或 accidentally0O 参考答案:until it was accidentally found/discovered by a doctorO倒装真题六级O和虚拟语气一•样,新题型中每次考试,倒装一题可以预计,这次考试的翻译部分, 虚拟语气(含蓄条件)和倒装(not until)各一-题O六级大纲样题76O The customer complained that no sooner(他刚试着使用这台机器, 它就不运转了).O 语法:部分倒装l.no sooner前倒,than后不倒;no sooner前过完,than后过。
O倒装真题六级O 六级06-12-新76O 76.(直到截止日他才寄出)his application form.竟然比 四级简单!O语法:部分倒装l.not until…前不倒前过完;后倒后过去O 词汇:截止.日(due to Wednesday)O倒装真题六级O 六级 07-6-83O 83. Only in the small town(他才感到安全和放松).O 语法:部分倒装2. only句首,助动词提前O词汇:放松O倒装真题六级O 六级 07-12-86O The witness was told that under no circumstances(也者K不应该 对法庭说谎).O语法:部分倒装1.否定伺提前,助动伺提前O陷阱:中文翻译部分出现“不〃O倒装真题六级O 六级 08-6-85O Never once(老两 口互相争吵)since they were married 40 years ago.O 语法:部分倒装1.否定词提前,助动词提前;since-现在完成时态O词汇:老两口;争吵O各类从句O定语从句O主语从句O状语从句O 四级08年12月87题 定语从句O 87. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems (他们至今还没有答案).O解析:problems,因此显然是个定语从句的考点,可以选择that (which错误),核 心动词搭配是have answers to,另外“至今还”提醒我们句子是现在完成时。
O 参考答案:which/that they havent found answers toO四级08年12月88题 主语从句O 88. (大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible fortheir children.o解析:很显然本句缺主语,有两种方法处理:主语从句或名词短语,核心词汇“关 心”可 以用 concern 或 care aboutO 参考答案:What most parents care about / are concerned about 或 The concern of most parentsO四级08年12月89题 状语从句O 89. Youd better take a sweater with you (以防天气变冷).O 解析:“以防", “incase”或 “lest”如果用“incase”,后面的从句常用一般现在时或should+动词原型;如果是用lest, 一般 是用should+动词原型O 参考答案:in case it turns/should turn cold 或 lest it should turn cold四级真题中翻译部分的词汇词组考点O词汇考点是针对大纲词汇表中的核心词汇的考查。












