
常用介词短语总结.docx
11页常用介词短语总结一、近义介词短语辨析1. 表示原因(通常在句中作状语)1) because of:表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系)2) on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素3) out of +抽象名词:常用来引述心理、情感因素,如out of one's own will(出 于自愿)4) owing / due to:着重把原因归于某事物,既可作状语又可作定语,due to还可以 作后置定语,如:Mist akes due to carelessness may cause serious consequence. 由于粗心犯的错误也许会引起严重的后果5) thanks t o:后面通常接表示积极意义的原因,意为〃多亏,幸亏由于〃例句: He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 他腿不好,所以走得很慢Michel and Billy, on account of their wide experiences in climbing, were voted leaders. 迈克尔与贝利由于有丰富的登山经验,被选为队长。
She did it out of sympathy. 她这样做是出于同情Most of the problems were owing/due to human e rr or s .大部分问题都是由于人 为的错误造成的Thanks to your energy and intelligence, the development scheme has been finally realized. 多亏了你的精力和智慧,这项发展计划终于实现了2. 表示排除1) with the exception of 意义与 except, except for 相同,但比它们正式2) apart from (二美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示〃除 之外 〃,相当于except (for),又可以表示〃除……之外,(还,也)"相当于besides例句: They all passed the physics examination with the exception of Tom.除汤姆 外他们物理考试都及格了We had a smooth journey apart from(= except for) a flat tyre. 我们一路上 很顺利,只是车胎漏了一次气。
Apart from(二 besides) a flat tyre, we had broken brakes.我们不但车胎漏了 气,而且刹车也出了毛病3. 表示〃有关,关于〃1) 表示〃关于〃的介词:concerning(较为正式),respecting(关于,至于),regarding(关于,就 而论,在 方面)等He quarreled with his neighbor concerning the house. 他因房子问题和邻 居发生了争吵I'm at a loss respecting his whereabouts. 我全然不知道他的踪迹 Regarding the punishment, what would you advise?就这种处罚来说,你有什么意见?2) 表示〃关于〃的介词短语:with respect to(关于,就 而言);in respectof(就 而论,在 方面);in / with regard to, in / with reference to. in connection with也都表示"(正式用语)关于,有关";as for和as to在用于 句首表示〃至于〃时区别不大,可以互相通用,但as to表示〃关于〃时不能和as for 互换,相当于 about 和 concerning。
4. 表示〃在……之前〃1) ahead of意为in advance of,可表示〃(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更 前,更早〃;还可表示〃领先,优于〃2) in front of多指空间的前后关系,〃在 正前方〃3) prior to(正式用语)指时间与重要性方面〃在 之前〃4) previous to指时间与顺序上在 前5) preparatory to 意为 in readiness for, as a preparation for, 为做准备 而在……之前6) on the eve of 在 前夕〃,如:on the eve of our examina tion / vic tory在我们考试/胜利的前夕例句:5. 表示〃支持,赞成〃1) in support of 维护,支持,支援Mr. Smith spoke in support of the motion. 史密斯先生发言支持这项提议2) in favor of可指某人〃支持,赞成〃,也可指事物〃有利于 〃Are you in favor of the proposal?你赞成此建议吗? The exchange rate is in our favor.兑换率有利于我们。
6. 表示〃鉴于,由于;根据,按照〃1) in the light of 按照,考虑到He rewrote the book in the light of further research. 考虑到进一步的研 究,他重写了那部书2) in terms of 就 而言,谈到The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages. 就 薪水而言,这是份好工作但它也有不足之处3) on the grounds of; on ... grounds 以……为理由/根据 Theirrequestforapermissiontoopenaminewasdeniedonenvironmental grounds. 基于对环境问题的考虑,他们开矿的请求没有被许可4) in accordance with 与 一致,书面语5) according to 根据; 按照 A diplomat must act according to circumstances. 外交官必须会随机应变二)形近义异介词短语辨析1. ①all but 几乎,差一点(almost);除了 都(all except)② any thing but单单除 之外;根本不 ③ nothing but 仅仅,只不过(only, no more than)I all but stumbled. 我差一点摔跤。
I will eat anything but carrot. 我什么都吃,就是不吃胡萝卜 He is anything but clever. 他根本不聪明The fellow is nothing but a fool. 那家伙不过是个傻瓜而已2. ①at a t ime每次,一次②at one time 曾经,一度(once);同时(at the same ti me; simu lt aneously)He used to abandon his work for many months at a time. 他过去常常把工作一丢就是好几个月At one time she was the chairman of the board. 她曾担任董事会主席 Hewasthechairmanoftheboardandatonetimehewasalsothepresident of the company. 他同时担任董事会主席和公司总裁3. ①at no time 决不,从不(never; on no occasion)②in no time 立即,马上(in a very brief time)At no time did I feel they were being unreasonable. 我从没觉得他们不讲 理。
We'll be there in no t ime.我们很快就会到那儿4. ①for the mome nt 暂时(as far as the prese nt time is concerned, alt hough perhaps not later)② at the moment 此刻,现在(at present time; now)③ in a moment 很快,一会丿L (very soon)For the moment we are content to watch and wait.目前我们甘心在一旁观察 和等待暗含以后不甘于这样的意味)I'm busy at the moment, but I'll do itlater. 这会儿我很忙,过后我会处 理这件事的I am on the t elephone now, but I will be with you in a mome nt.我正打电 话,一会儿就到你那儿去5. ①at present 目前,现在(at the present time or moment; now)②for the present 暂时,暂且(temporarily);就目 前而言(as far as the present time is concerned意指某一情形目前存在着,但很可能会发生变化)We don' t know at present who will win the election.现在我们还不知道谁 将在选举中获胜。
For the present she continues with the antibiotics. 目前她还是继续使用 抗生素6. ①out of question 毫无疑问(without doubt; doubtless),作表语② out of the question不可能的(not to be thought of as possible; not to be done),也作表语③ without ques tion 毫无疑问,毫无疑义(without arguing or asking why it isnecessary),作状语The sabotage is out of question a fresh blow to international peace efforts. 那次阴谋破坏无疑对国际和平努力又是一个新的打击She knew that a holiday was out of the question this year.她知道今年不 可能有假期Without question he is the brightest student in the school. 毫无疑问, 他是全校最聪明的学生。
7. ①for oneself为自己② to oneself归于自己③ of oneself由自己构成,出于自动④ in oneself在自身境界中,在自身属性中⑤ by oneself自动地,单独地8. ①on the con trary表示完全不赞同某一说法并提出与该说法"正相反,恰恰相 反"的事实②by / in con tras t用于表示两个极不相同的事实之间的明显差异,意为"与此形 成对照;相比之下"—Does it rain a lot in the desert? 沙漠里下雨多吗?—On the c。
