英语语言学树形图举例.doc

树形图详细讲解1. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences.a) The old lady suddenly left. Det A N Qual Vb) The car stopped at the end of the road. Det N V P Det N P Det Nc) The snow might have blocked the road. Det N Aux Aux V Det Nd) He never appears quite mature. N Qual V Deg A2. The following phrases include a head, a complement, and a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree structure for each.a) full of people AP A P Nfull of peopleb) a story about a sentimental girlNP NP PP Det N P NP Det A Na story about a sentimental girlc) often read detective stories VP Qual V NP A Noften read detective storiesd) the argument against the proposalsNP NP PP Det N P NP Det Nthe argument against the proposalse) move towards the window VPV PP P Det Nmove towards the window3. Draw phrase structure trees for each of the following sentences.a) The jet landed. InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det N Pst V The jet landedb) Mary became very ill. InflP(=S) NP Infl VP N Pst V AP Deg AMary became very illc) What will you talk about" CP NP C SN Infl NP Infl VP VP NP V P NWhat will you e talk about ed) The apple might hit the man. S NP VP Det N Aux V NP Det NThe apple might hit the manORInflP(=S) NP Infl VP Det N V NP Det NThe apple might hit the mane) He often reads detective stories. S NP VP N Qual V NP A NHe often reads etective storiesOR InflP(=S) NP Infl VP Present N Qual V NP A NHe often reads etective stories4. The following sentences contain modifiers of various types. For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then draw the tree structures.a) A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane. InflP(=S) NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V NP Det A NA frightened passenger landed the crippled airplaneb) A huge moon hung in the black sky. InflP(=S) NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PP P NP Det A NA huge moon hung in the black skyc) An unusual event occurred before the meeting. InflP(=S) NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PP P NP Det NAn unusual event occurred before the meetingd) A quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill. InflP(=S) NP Infl VPDet A NP Pst V PP A N P NP Det A NA quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill5. The following sentences all contain conjoined categories. Draw a tree structure for each of the sentences.a) Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants. InflP(=S) NP VP N Aux V NP Det A NP N CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsORInflP(=S) NP VP N Infl V NP Det A NP N CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsb) Helen put on her clothes and went out. S NP VP N VP CON VP VP NP V Adv V P Det N Helen put on her clothes and went outORInflP(=S) NP Infl VP N Pst VP CON VP VP NP V Adv V P Det N Helen put on her clothes and went outc) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics. 。