康复英语 骨骼.doc

脊椎寰椎 the atlas.Superior aspect枢椎 the axis. Posterior aspect颈椎 the cervical vertebra. Superior aspect降椎 the vertebra prominens.Right lateral aspect椎孔 Vertebral foramen椎弓 Vertebral arch棘突 Spinous arch横突 Teansverse process椎体（Vertebral body） 椎弓根（Pedicle of vertebral arch）椎上切迹（Superior vertebral notch） 椎下切迹（Inferior vertebral notch） 副突（Accessory process） 乳突（Mamillary process）胸锁前韧带 anterior stemoclavicular lig.锁骨 clavicle第一肋 first rib胸骨 sternum胸骨柄 manubrium sterni胸骨角 sternal angle胸骨体 body of sternum 肋软骨 costal cartilage胸肋辐状韧带 sternocostal radiate lig肋骨 costal bone肋间隙 intercostal space肋弓 costal arch胸骨下角 infrasternal angle剑突 xiphoid process胸肋关节 sternocostal joint胸肋关节内韧带 intraarticular sternocostal lig肋锁韧带 costoclavicular lig胸锁关节 sternoclavicular joint 关节盘 aricular disc胸廓 the thorax肋体 shaft of rib 肋角 costal angle 肋沟 costal groove前锯肌粗隆 tuberosity for serratus anterior肋头嵴 crest of costal head肋头关节面 articular facet of costal head肋结节 costal tubercle肋颈 costal neck肋头 costal head前斜角肌结节 tubercle for scalenus anterior肋骨 the ribs肋横突韧带 costotransverse lig.肋横突外侧韧带 lateral costotransverse lig.肋横突关节 costotransverse joint肋头关节 joint of costal head肋头辅状韧带 radiate lig.of costal head髓核 nucleus pulposus纤维环 anulus fibrosus椎间盘 intervertebral disc胸骨 the sternum颈静脉切迹 jugular notch锁切迹 clavicular notch胸骨柄 manubrium sterni胸骨角 sternal angle胸骨体 body of sternum剑突 xiphoid process第一，二，三，四，五，六，七肋切迹 costal notch 1,2,3,4,5,6,7腰椎（The lumbar vertebra）： 上关节突（Superior articular process） 下关节突（Inferior articular process）骶骨（sacrum）&尾骨（coccyx）上关节突 superior articular process岬 promontory骶翼 ala of sacrum骶前孔 anterior sacrum foramen骶后孔 posterior sacral foramen横线 transverse line骶骨尖 apex of sacrum尾骨角 coccygeal cornu骶管 sacral canal骶粗隆 sacral trberosity耳状面 auricular surface骶正中嵴 median sacral crest骶外侧嵴 lateral sacral crest骶中间嵴 intermediate sacral crest骶管裂孔 sacral hiatus骶角 sacral cornu肩峰 acromion肩峰关节面 acromial surface of articular肩峰角 acromial angle盂上结节 supraglenoid tubercle关节盂 glenoid cavity盂下结节 infraglenoid tubercle外侧缘 lateral border喙突 coracoid process上角 superior angle上缘 superior border肩胛切迹 notch of scapular肩胛下窝 subscapular fossa内侧缘 medial border第一肋： First rib肋头 Costal head肋颈 Costal neck肋结节 Costal tubercle锁骨下动脉沟 Sulcus for subclavian a锁骨下静脉沟 Sulcus for subclavian vein第二肋： Second rib肋头关节面 Articular facet of costal head前锯肌粗隆 Ttuberosity for serratus anterior第七肋： Seventh rib肋头嵴 Crest of costal head肋角 Costal angle肋沟 Costal groove肋体 Shaft of rib肩胛骨后面观：上角 Superior angle冈上窝 Supraspinous fossa肩胛冈 Spine of scapula冈下窝 Infraspinous fossa内侧缘 Medial border喙突 Coracoid process肩峰 Acromion外侧角 Lateral angle肩胛颈 Neck of scapula盂下结节 Infraglenoid tubercle外侧缘 Lateral border 髂骨 ilium外面观 external aspect ：髂嵴 iliac crest 髂骨翼 ala of ilium 髂结节 tubercle of iliac crest 髂骨体 body of ilium髂前上棘 anterior superior iliac spine 髂后上棘 posterior superior iliac spine髂前下棘 anterior inferior iliac spine髂后下棘 posterior inferior iliac spine臀前线 anterior gluteal line 臀后线 posterior gluteal line臀下线 inferior gluteal line内面观 internal aspect ：髂窝 iliac fossa 髂粗隆 iliac tuberosity弓状线 arcuate line 耳状面 auricular surface髂耻隆起 iliopubic eminence坐骨 ischium 坐骨大切迹 greater sciatic notch 坐骨棘 ischial spine坐骨小切迹 lesser sciatic notch 坐骨体 body of ischium坐骨结节 ischial tuberosity 坐骨支 ramus of ischium髋臼 acetabulum 髋臼切迹 acetabular notch髋臼窝 acetabular fossa 月状面 lunate surface弓状线 arcuate line 闭孔 obturator foramen闭孔沟 obturator groove 肱骨前面观：解剖颈 anatomical neck 肱骨头 head of humerus 大结节 greater tubercle 小结节 lesser tubercle结节间沟 intertubercular sulcus 外科颈 surgical neck大结节嵴 grest of greater tubercle 小结节嵴 grest of lesser tubercle 三角肌粗隆 deltoid tuberosity 肱骨体 shaft of humerus 滋养孔 nutrient foramen 内侧缘 medial border桡窝 radial fossa 外上髁 lateral epicondyle 冠突窝 coronoid fossa 内上髁 medial epicondyle肱骨小头 capitulum of humerus 肱骨滑车 trochlea of humerus后面观：外侧缘 lateral border 桡神经沟 sulcus for radial 鹰嘴窝 olecranon fossa 尺神经沟 sulcus for ulnar上为外面观 External aspect，下为内面观 Internal aspect。

髂耻隆起：Iiopubic eminence耻骨梳：Pecten pubis耻骨上支：Superior ramus of pubis耻骨结节：Pubic tubercle耻骨联合面：Symphyisial surface耻骨下支：Inferior ramus of pubisfemur(thigh bone)股骨femur is the most proximal bone of the leg in tetrapod vertebrates capable of walking or jumping.股骨是有四肢的脊椎动物最靠近身体的骨头，有走和跳的能力1. Femoral head /head of femur /femur head股骨头 it is the highest part of the thigh bone .它是股骨的最高的部分2. Femur neck 股骨颈It is flattened pyramidal process of bone ,connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft.它是骨头中倒着的椎突，连接股骨头和股骨体。