小升初形容词和副词的讲解与练习.doc

形容词和副词的讲解与练习一.形容词：形容词（adjective）,简称adj. □形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示 人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否它的位置通常放在被 修饰的名词前,也可以放在be动词和look、feel> taste^ sound^ get 之后 例：Tom is my good friend. He is tall. She is beautiful.在英语中，形容词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级1、表示两者“等同”时用原级，结构为：as +原级+ as,表示“xx和xx样 ” e. g. Are you as tall as your twin sister?其否定形式结构为：not+as +原级+ as,表示“xx和xxx不一样 " e.g. I m not as tall as you.2. 比较级:两个人或事物的比较（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物）Our teacher is taller than we are.3. 最高级:三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较.Tom is the tallest in my class.※比较级和最高级的构成规则变化（1） 单音节词末尾加-er （比较级），-est （最高级）原级 比较级 最高级：great greater greatest（2） 单音节如以e结尾，只加-r （比较级），-st （最高级）原级 比较级 最高级：finefinerfinest(3) 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-er (比较级),-est (最高级)原级 比较级 最高级：big bigger biggest(4) 少数以y, er, ow, ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加er (比较级)est(最高级)。

以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i,再加-er和-esto原级 比较级 最高级：clever cleverer cleverest(5) 其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most原级 比较级 最高级careful more careful most careful不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级：good/well better best注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级如：right, wrong, woolen等※形容词变成副词的方法(1) 有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成2) 词尾是y的要把y变为i再加ly,如：busy busily , happy happily(3) 以e结尾的，大部分直接加Ty,如:wide widely, brave bravely(4) 有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y,如：true truly , terrible terribly二.副词副词在句子中修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子用来说明动作或状态 的特征，时间，地点，程度，方式等情况1） 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：时间副词：时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间常见的时间副词有：now , today, tomorrow, early。

Eg:He often comes to school late.地点副词：地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点常见的地点副词: here, there, home, down, up, off, on, in,等Eg:I met an old friend of mine on my way home.方式副词：方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？ ”这类问题的常见的方式副词有：badly, careful ly, suddenly, happi ly, slowly, well, fast,Eg :The old man walked home slowly.Please listen to the teacher carefully.程度副词：程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语常见的程度副词有：much, a little, a bit,very, so, tooEg :She sings quite well. I can hardly agree with you.疑问副词：用来引导特殊疑问句的副词常见的疑问副词：how, when, w here, whyoEg :Where were you yesterday? Why did you do that?2） 副词在句中的位置多数副词放在动词之后。

Eg:Mr Smith works very hard. She speaks English well.频度副词，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后Eg:He usually gets up early. T ve never heard him singing.程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面，但enough作副词用时, 通常放在被修饰词的后面例如：Eg:He runs very fast. He didn t work hard enough.副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后Eg : 1. On my way home, I met my uncle.2. The students there have a lot time to do their own research work一、 选词填空Where what whose when why how Whowhich what color how old How much How many1. book is it? It s mine.2. is the Christmas Day? It s on the December 25th.3. is the pen? It s under the desk.4. is the dress? It s blue.5. is the boy in green? He s Mike.6. day is it today? It s Monday.7. color do you like best? Red.8. is your sister? He s 15 years old.9. is this yellow one? It s beautiful.10. are you late for class? I am sick.11. is the pen? ---Ten yuan.12. boys? —Three boys.二、写出以下形容词的副词形式Lstrong— 2. happy—3. slow — 4.real 一 5. usual — 6. careful—7.easy — S.angry-^三、 用所给词的适当形式填空：1. Which goes , the bus or the car? (quick)2. Which goes ,the bus, the car or the train? (fast)3. Who writes (careful), John or Jim?4. I can feed(many) animals than you.5. he can pick corn than I . (much)6. Do you think a Chinese farm is — (more) bigger than an American farm?7. This match is of the three.(exciting)8. Who runs (slow),Lily or Lucy?9. She is today than yesterday, (well)10. My mother is the in my family.(busy)11. the trees grow(quick) in spring.12. Beijing is one of the most beautiful (city) in China.13. Fish and chips are very,but I think fried chicken is of the three,(delicious)%1. 单选1 . I can pick apples than you .A.many B.much C.more D.most2. We can do the work with money and people.A. less; few B. less; fewer C. little; less D. fewer; less3. The Yellow River is the second river in China.A. long B. longer C. longest D. as long4.Of the two pears, the child picked out the one.A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. more small5.Color TV sets are expensive than black and white ones.A. very B. much C. very more D. much more。