化学镀镍废液处理实验研究- 参考文献.pdf

论文题目：化学镀镍废液处理实验研究 专 业：环境工程 硕 士 生：张江丽 （签名） 指导老师：刘转年 （签名） 摘 要 化学镀镍废液中存在大量的镍离子、亚磷酸钠、次磷酸钠、pH 缓冲剂及稳定剂等有机物镍既是一种致癌的物质，也是一种短缺的昂贵的重金属资源，磷则是众所周知的引起水体富营养化现象主要污染因素之一， 大量的还原剂及稳定剂使得化学镀镍废液具有高浓度的 CODCr，因此，化学镀镍废液处理起来相当复杂如何有效地处理化学镀镍废液，减少其对环境的污染和生态的破坏，有着十分重要的意义 本文以化学镀镍废液为研究对象，主要采用化学沉淀法、芬顿氧化和化学混凝沉淀法来处理化学镀镍废液中镍、磷及 CODCr 采用化学沉淀法处理废液中的镍，选用 Na2S 为沉淀剂，通过 Na2S 投加量、反应时间、温度及 pH 四种因素对废液中镍去除率影响的研究结果表明：化学镀镍废液的 pH为 6，温度为 15时，投加 30ml 硫化钠（250g/L）溶液，反应 1h 后，镍的去除率可以达到 99.99%，残余量为 0.53mg/L，达到了国家排放标准，并可回收废液中的镍金属 采用 CaO 为沉淀剂，去除化学镀镍废液中的次磷酸盐、亚磷酸盐和总磷。

考察了CaO 投加量、pH、反应温度及反应时间对上述三者去除效果的影响研究表明：溶液pH 为 6、 温度为 60时， 投加 10g 的 CaO 反应 2h 后， 三者的去除率分别达到： 99.40%、99.67%及 99.98%，废液中剩余总磷的含量低于 1.5mg/L，达到国家排放标准 采用 Fenton 氧化法降低化学镀镍废液中的 CODCr的含量，研究表明：Fenton 氧化最佳工艺条件为：溶液 pH 为 4，加入 60g/L 的 FeSO47H2O 和 30ml/L H2O2，在温度为30的条件下反应 45min 后，CODCr的去除效果最好，达到 94.19%； Fenton 氧化后废液进一步经混凝沉淀法处理，试验结果表明：混凝沉淀的最佳条件为：温度为 30，pH 为 10，CODCr总的去除率为 99.16%，此时废液中剩余的残量为841mg/L 关 键 词：化学镀镍废液；总磷；Fenton 氧化；混凝沉淀；CODCr 研究类型：应用研究 Subject : The Study of Treatment Experiment of Electroless Nickel Plating Wastewater Specialty : Environmental Engineering Name : Zhang Jiangli （Signature） Instructor : Liu Zhuannian （Signature） ABSTRACT Electroless nickel plating wastewater, have lots of nickel ions, sodium phosphite, sodium hypophosphite, the pH buffer and stabilizer of organic matter. The nickel is not only a carcinogen, but also a shortage of expensive heavy metal resource. As we all know that phosphorus is a major pollution factor, which result in water eutrophication phenomena, because of there are large amount of reducing agent and stabilizer in the electroless nickel wastewater have high concentration of CODCr, therefore, electroless nickel plating wastewater treatment is quite complex. How to deal with the electroless nickel plating wastewater effectively and reduce environmental pollution and ecological destruction, which have great significance. In the paper, electroless nickel plating wastewater as the research object, mainly adopts chemical precipitation method, Fenton oxidation and chemical coagulation method to deal with nickel, phosphorus and CODCr. Chemical precipitation method to deal with the wastewater of nickel, using Na2S as the precipitating agent , through Na2S dosage, reaction time, temperature and pH of four factors on the removal rate of nickel in liquid waste. Studies have shown that: the pH was 6, and the temperature was 15, adding 30ml sodium sulfide solution(250g/L), one hour after the reaction, the removal rate of nickel reached 99.99%, with the residual concentration of the nickel was 0.53mg/L, reached the National Emission Standards and recovered nickel metal in the wastewater. With CaO as the precipitating agent, removal of hypophosphite, phosphite and TP in the electroless nickel plating wastewater. Investigated the effects of removal above of the three by CaO dosage, pH, reaction temperature and reaction time. Studies have shown that: the pH of the solution was 6, temperature was 60C, and dose of CaO was 10g, after reaction for 2h, the removal rate of the three, respectively: 99.40%, 99.67% and 99.98%, and remaining TP in the wastewater was less than 1.5 mg/L, and reached the National Emission Standards. Fenton oxidation to reduce the CODCr in the electroless nickel plating wastewater, research has shown that the optimum conditions of Fenton oxidation as follows: the pH was 4, adding 60g/L FeSO47H2O and 30ml/L of H2O2, under the condition of the 30C, reacting for 45min, the removal efficiency of the CODCr reached 94.19%. After Fenton oxidation wastewater futher by coagulation and sedimentation treatment, results have shown the best condition of coagulation and sedimentation was pH=10, 30C. The total removal of the CODCr was 99.16% , and the remaining residue in wastewater was 841mg/L. Key word: Electroless nickel plating wastewater;TP;Fenton oxidation;Coagulation and sedimentation;CODCr Thesis : Application Research 目录 I 目录 1 绪论 1 1.1 化学镀镍概述 1 1.2 化学镀镍废液的成份及危害 2 1.3 研究的背景及意义 4 1.4 国内外研究概况及发展趋势 4 1.4.1 化学镀镍废液中镍的回收处理 5 1.4.2 化学镀镍废液的再生利用13 1.5 研究的目的、内容及技术路线17 1.5.1 研究目的17 1.5.2 研究内容18 1.5.3 技术路线18 2 试验材料及方法19 2.1 试验仪器及试剂19 2.1.1 试验仪器19 2.1.2 试验试剂19 2.2 试验内容与方法20 2.2.1 化学沉淀法处理镍20 2.2.2 化学沉淀法处理磷20 2.2.3Fenton 氧化法处理 CODCr20 2.2.4 混凝沉淀处理 CODCr21 2.3 分析方法21 2.3.1 镍离子浓度的测定21 2.3.2 碘量法测定次磷酸盐及亚磷酸盐 22 2.3.3 总磷的测定23 2.3.4 CODCr的测定 24 2.4 试验水样25 3 结果与讨论26 3.1 化学镀镍废液中镍的处理效果26 3.1.1 硫化钠投加量的影响26 3.1.2 反应时间的影响26 3.1.3 温度的影响27 目录 II3.1.4pH 的影响 28 3.2 化学镀镍废液中磷的处理效果28 3.2.1 氧化钙投加量对磷去除率的影响 28 3.2.2 pH 对磷去除率的影响29 3.2.3 反应温度对磷去除率的影响 30 3.2.4 反应时间对磷去除率的影响 31 3.3 Fenton 氧化法去除化学镀镍废液中的 CODCr31 3.3.1 FeSO47H2O 投加量31 3.3.2 H2O2投加量 32 3.3.3 pH 的影响33 3.3.4 反应温度的影响34 3.3.5 反应时间的影响35 3.4 化学混凝法35 3.4.1PH 对混凝效果的影响 35 3.4.2 反应温度对混凝效果的影响36 3.5 三阶段对 CODCr去除率的比较 37 3.6 化学镀镍废液处理费用38 4 结论40 4.1 化学镀镍废液中镍的处理效果40 4.2 化学镀镍废液中磷的处理效果40 4.3 芬顿氧化法的处理化学镀镍废液中 CODCr效果 41 4.4 化学混凝法处理化学镀镍废液中 CODCr效果 41 致 谢42 参考文献43 附录48 1 绪论 1 1 绪论 1.1 化学镀镍概述 化学镀镍又称无电解镀镍，它是使用还原剂在高温下将镍离子还原为金属镍，并在镀件表面沉积的过程，是近几年国内外发展较快的表面处理技术之一。

1845年Wurtz。