仁爱初中宾语从句知识点总结.doc

宾语从句1 •宾语:是动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词后面如：Our team beat all the others.我们的球队打败了所有其他球队2. 有时为了强调，宾语也可以放在句首，如：Two weeks you shall have .你可以有两周的时间3. 名词作宾语Face the facts!4. 代词作宾语They won' t hurt us.5. 数词作宾语If you add 5 to 5, you get 10一、 宾语从句的用法：宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当当一个句子充 当宾语时，这个句子就叫做宾语从句二、 宾语从句结构：1、 主句+ that (无词义，可省略)+从句(陈述句语序)2、 主句+ whether / if (是否)+从句(陈述句语序)3、 主句+疑问词+从句(陈述句语序)三、 宾语从句的引导词：引导宾语从句的引导词按所引导的句子结构特点可以分为三类1、 that引导的宾语从句：原句如果是陈述句，变宾语从句时要用that引导，that无实义,只起到引导的作用在口语和非正式文体中常可省略如：(1) 1 think (that) I can sell newspapers.我想我可以卖报纸。

2) I know (that) he is a Canadian athlete.我知道他是一名加拿大运动员3) Do you think (that) the children need to write.你认为孩子们需要写一首歌吗？(4) Maria says (that) she doesn't like the uniforms.玛丽亚说她不喜欢校服2、 whether/if引导的宾语从句：原句如果是一般疑问句，变宾语从句时要用whether /if引导，whether /if意为“是否”如：(1) 1 want to know whether / if people will leave as soon as they finish eating in western countries.我想知道西方国家的人是否是一吃完饭就离开2) Could you tell me if /whether it's polite to speak loudly at the table ?你能不能告诉我吃饭时大声讲话是否有礼貌？(3) I don't know if/whether you are right.我不知道你是否正确。

注意:whether/if引导的宾语从句用法区别：用whether /if u是否”引导的宾语从句，通常情况下whether /if可以互 换但以下情况whether不能 用if换1) Whether后面紧跟有or not时如：I don't know whether or not it rains.我不知道是否会下雨2) whether引导主语从句位于句首首时如：Whether they will go by air or by train hasn't decided.他们是乘飞机去还是乘火车去还没有定下来⑶whether用在带有to的动词不定式之前如：Please tell us whether to go or stay.请告诉我们是去还是留4) 有些动词(如：discuss)后面只能跟whether,不能跟if如:We discussed whether we should let him join our team.我们商量是否让他加入我们队5) whether可以与虚词it连用，并可引导不定式，但if不能这样用如：Il's not clear whether he will be able to come。

他是否会来还不清楚3、疑问词引导的宾语从句：原句如果是特殊疑问句，变宾语从句时要用特殊疑问词引导 疑问词包括疑问代词(what, which, who, whose)和疑问副词(when, ho、v, where, why) 如：1、 Do you know who that man is over there ?你知道那边那个人是谁吗？2、 You may ask what North American people wear on special days.你也许会问北美洲的人在特殊的Fl子里穿什么衣服3、 I ask Tom which Chinese dish is his favorite.我问汤姆他最喜欢的是那一道中国菜4、 I don't know who will come to the English corner.我不知道谁会來英语角5、 Can you tell me how you deal with the problem ?你能告诉我你怎样解决这个问题吗？Can you tell me where they are ?你能告诉我他们在哪里吗？7、I ask him why his hot dogs are so popula匚我问他为什么他的热狗这么受欢迎。

四. 宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序一定要使用陈述句语序1. 一般疑问句改成宾语从句时，先在从句前加上if/whether,然后把它变成陈述句序即可，当然 也要注意吋态的变化和some (陈述句用some) /any (否定用any)的变化.如：Can you play football?—> I don't know if/whether you can play football.2. 陈述句改成宾语从句时,先在从句前加上that (也可以不加)，照抄即可，当然也要注意时态 的变化.如:She is a student.—He said (that) she was a student.3. 特殊疑问句改成宾语从句时，疑问词不变依然放在从句句首，其后变成陈述句序，当然也要 注意时态等变化.如：How old is he?-> I wanted to know how old he was.五. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题：主句若是一般现在时，从句可根据句意内容使 用各种时态；主句如果是一般过去时，从句只能用相应的过去时态如果宾语从句所陈述 的是客观真理、自然现象或定理等，则只能用一般现在时。

如：1、 I think (that) you are right.我认为你是对的2、 I thought (that) he watched the match.我想他看过比赛了3、 He told me (that) he studied very hard.他告诉我他学习非常努力4^ He said (that) Bill would go there soon.他说比尔不久就将去那里5、 The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转6、 1 want to know whether / if it is polite to point at people with chopsticks in China.7、 He asked me whether / if it was impolite to eat one's soup very noisily in most African countries.8> My little brother asked me whether / if the earth goes around the sun.六. 宾语从句口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态、语序、引导词。

主句若是过去时，主从时态要一致宾从表达是真理，一般现在就可以引导词也不难，陈述可用that连一般问句表“是否"，if或whether来引导特殊问句作宾从，疑问词引导就能行还有一点要说明，陈述语序要记清宾语从句专项练习1. （2013 天津） 一I don' t know ・—Because he has to look after his mothe匚A. why he is leaving B. why is he leavingC. whether he is leaving D. whether is he leaving2. （2013 内江）Could you tell me a great actress?A. how Zhao Wei has become B. how did Zhao Wei becomeC. how became Zhao Wei D. how does Zhao Wei become3. （2013 聊城）Please tell me to improve my English.A. what I can do B. what can I doC. how I can do D. how can I do4. （2013 宜宾） 一Would you like to tell me ?—Sure・ Practice makes perfect.A. how can I study English wellB. why do I learn English wellC. how I can study English wellD. why I learn English well5. （2013 泰安） 一Excuse me, could you tell me where ?一Sure, sir. You can try www. .A. can I join in the group-buyingB. did I join in the group-buyingC. I can join in the group-buyingD. I joined in the group-buying6. （2013 连云港） 一Excuse me. Can you tell me ?—At about 8 o' clock, sir.A. what time the plane will reach BeijingB. what time will the plane arrive in BeijingC. what time the plane will arrive BeijingD. what time will the plane get to Beijing7. People in Yancheng are proud of they have achieved inthe past thirty years・A. how B. which C. what D. when8. He said he would come back in a week.A. when B. whatC. that D. why9. Do you know I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star,Jackie!A. whom B. when C・ where D. how10. There are no words to descr。