小学英语名词语法讲解(附习题及答案).doc

指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词可分为专有名词与一般名词，可数名词与不可数名词，简朴名词与复合名词一般名词：人和物，物有可数名词和不可数名词 专有名词：人名、地名、国家名、单位名、组织名（有一种特点：第一字母是大写的）（一）名词的所有关系 ① 在英语中，有些名词可以加’s来表达所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格大多数表达有生命的东西但是表达时间的名词特殊 如. Tom’s book My mother’s book 3 hours’ time ② 如果复数名词末尾已有s就直接加 ’ 如 the teachers’ office ③ 如果某些物品为两者共有，只需在后一种名词后加’s ；如果为各自所有，则需在每个名词后加’s如. Lucy and Lily’s bedroom.Lucy 和 Lily共用一种卧室 Lucy’s and Lily’s bedrooms.Lucy 和 Lily分别拥有各自的卧室 ④ 表达无生命的物体的名词所有格，一般与of短语连用如 a map of the world a photo of my family ⑤ 双重所有格把of所有格和’s所有格结合在一起表达所有关系。

如 a friend of my father’s（二）可数名词前加a或者an 规则：辅音前面加a，元音前面加an 一方面要分清是可数还是不可数名词还要记某些特殊状况的单词 (1)不可数名词：oil, water, sugar, milk, flour, coffee, rubbish ,paper ,soup, ink, cabbage, meat, wood, money, beer ,cloth, ice前面不能加a 或者an (2)国家名前面也不能加a或者an (3)这几种单词前需要加a: ( a )Unit, ( a )university, ( a )uniform （三）可数名词变复数1.不可数名词都默觉得单数2.名词单数转换为复数多种不同状况变化措施例词一般状况直接加-sbook-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds以s. x. sh. ch结尾以o结尾的表达有生命动植物加-esbus-buses box-boxes brush-brusheswatch-watches peach—peaches glass—glasses tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-esfamily-families study--studies以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-esknife-knives leaf——leaves不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese习题：一、根据题意选出对的的答案1. They got much _____ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home . A. 25 minutes’ walk B. 25 minute’s walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk4. An old _______ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person5. Help yourself to __________. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________. A. room’s number B. rooms’ number C. room numbers D. rooms’ numbers7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________. A. family B. house C. home D. room8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peter’s B. Mary and Peter C. Mary’s and Peter D. Mary’s and Peter’s9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncle’s C. her uncles D. aunt’s10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experience二、请写出下列词的复数形式。

city   _____  zoo  ______country    _____ tooth  ____     mouse _____   book__________  dress_________ sheep___________ tea______ strawberry_________   peach__________ sandwich__________ paper_________  juice__________ water____________  fish_________三、填入所给名词的对的形式 1. I have two____________ (knife) 2. There are many ___________ here. (box) 3. There are many ___________ on the road. (bus) 4. A few ___________ are drawing on the wall. (boy) 5. The ______________ are playing football now. (child) 6. Please take two _______________ for me. (photo) 7. I like the red ________________.(tomato) 8. Would you please clean your _____________ now? (tooth) 9. Do you want some _________? (milk) 10. There are ten ________ _______in our school. (woman teacher)答案：一、C C A B D C C D B B 二cities zoos   countries  teeth  mice    books  dresses   sheep   teas  strawberries   peaches   sandwiches   papers  juice  water     fish二．1. knives   2.boxes   3.buses   4.boys   5.children 6.photos   7.tomatoes   8.teeth   9.milk   10.women teachers teacher: tom, why are you late for school every day?tom: every time i come to the corner, a sign says, "school-goslow".教师：汤姆，您为什么每天上学迟到？汤姆：我每次路过拐角，一种路标上面写着："学校----慢行。