lessoncash课件.ppt

An English Textbook for Accountants,Lesson Ten Cash,Learning objectives: 1. Define cash in accounting 2. Describe the business bank accounts 3. Prepare bank reconciliation 4. Demonstrate the operation of a pretty cash fund,An English Textbook for Accountants,Cash Defined Cash is money in the form of bills or coins, which can be used for prompt payment for goods or services. Cash also includes items that are acceptable for instant deposit in the bank accounts, for example, customers’ checks, cashier’s checks, money orders and deposits made through electronic funds transfer.,An English Textbook for Accountants,Cash is listed first in the current assets section of the balance sheet, because it is the most liquid of all current assets. Cash can be paid for other assets, services, or settlement of liabilities. A company needs to keep some cash so that bills are paid on time and purchases are made for cash when necessary.,An English Textbook for Accountants,Business Bank Accounts 企业银行结算账户 A company often maintains one or more checking accounts at a bank. When you open a checking account, you are required to sign a signature card. This card contains the signature of each person authorized to sign check on the account. The signature card is used by bank employees to validate the signature on the check.,An English Textbook for Accountants,The bank usually provides check books to the depositor. A check is a written document signed by the depositor, ordering the bank to pay a sum of money to an individual or company. 支票是存款人签署的书面文件，要求银行向单位或个人支付一定数额的款项。

An English Textbook for Accountants,There are three parties to a check: the drawer, the payer and the payee. 支票涉及到三方：出票人、付款人和收款人 The drawer is the person who signs the check, ordering payment by the bank. The payer is the bank on which the check is drawn. The payee is the party to whom payment is to be made.,An English Textbook for Accountants,Each check should clearly explain its purpose. For many companies, the purpose of a check is written in space provided on the check stub. The purpose of the check should also be apparent to the payee, either by referencing the invoice directly on the check or by attaching a remittance advice explaining the payment to the check. 支票的用途也应该让收款人一目了然，既可以通过直接在支票上提供发票信息作为参考，也可以在支票上附带一张说明付款目的的领款通知单。

An English Textbook for Accountants,Exhibit 10-1 shows a sample of check.,An English Textbook for Accountants,,For both individuals and businesses, it is important to know the balance in the checking account at all times. This is easily done in a computerized accounting system, where deposits and checks are recorded as soon as they are received or issued.,An English Textbook for Accountants,Bank Reconciliation 银行存款余额调节表 Each month, the business receives from the bank a bank statement showing its bank transactions and balances. The bank statement lists checks paid, other debits, deposits and other credits, and cash balance in the checking account after each day’s transactions. 银行对账单列示已兑付的支票，其他借项，存入款和其他贷项，以及每天交易结束后支票账户的现金余额。

An English Textbook for Accountants,However, the cash balance on the bank statement and the cash balance in the depositor’s cash account are seldom the same at any given time. Actually, the bank and the depositor maintain independent records of the depositor’s checking account. That is, a double record of cash transactions is established, which often show different balances of the bank account.,An English Textbook for Accountants,One factor for this difference is bookkeeping errors by either party. 这种情形的原因之一是任何一方的记账错误. The others are reconciling items, where one party has recorded the transaction, but the other hasn’t due to time lags of recordkeeping. 第二个原因是出现未达账项，这是指由于双方记账时间不一致而发生的一方已经入账，另一方尚未入账的款项。

An English Textbook for Accountants,Therefore，it is necessary to make the balance in the depositor’s cash records agree with the balance per bank statement ——a process called reconciling the bank account. 因此有必要用一定的方法使企业现金账户余额和银行对账单余额相等，这个过程称为银行存款余额的调节 In this process, a bank reconciliation(银行往来调节表) is prepared, which is divided into two sections——one for the bank and one for the company’s books. The content of a bank reconciliation is shown in Exhibit 10-2.,An English Textbook for Accountants,Exhibit 10-2,An English Textbook for Accountants,Reconciling items未达账项 The reconciling items are shown in the bank reconciliation as additions to and deductions from the existing cut-off date balances of the bank statement and the depositor’s book. Examples of reconciling items include outstanding checks, deposits in transit, non-sufficient funds (NSF) check, deductions for bank services, additions for collections and for interest, etc. 未达账项的例子包括未兑现支票，未达存款，对方账户存款不足而退回的支票，扣减的银行服务费，新增的收款和利息收入等。

An English Textbook for Accountants,Example of preparing a bank reconciliation On September 30, 2010, the cash balance in D. Higgins Company’s ledger is $7,950. The cash balance per bank statement for the company as of the same date is $8100.The compa。