大学英语四级翻译技巧精编版课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2019/5/1,,0,,英语四级翻译,英语四级翻译,1,翻译题型简介,,所占分值比例为15%,考试时间30分钟,翻译题型为段落汉译英翻译内容涉及,中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展,等四级长度为140-160个汉字,翻译题型简介,2,段落翻译评分标准,本题满分为15分，成绩分为六个档次：13-15分、10-12分、7-9分、4-6分、1-3分和0分13-15分：译文准确表达了原文的意思用词贴切，行文流畅,，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错10-12分：译文基本上表达了原文的意思文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误,7-9分：译文勉强表达了原文的意思用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误,段落翻译评分标准本题满分为15分，成绩分为六个档次：13-1,3,段落翻译评分标准,,4-6分：译文,仅表达了一小部分原文,的意思用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误1-3分：译文支离破碎除个别词语或句子，,绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思,0分：未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关段落翻译评分标准4-6分：译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。

4,段落翻译评分标准,,13-15分：,,15分：,有,2处,不明显的小错（冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用词不贴切等）,,14分：,有,5处,不明显的小错（冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用词不贴切等）,,13分：,有,7处,不明显的小错（冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用词不贴切等）,,段落翻译评分标准,5,,,段落翻译评分标准,,10-12分：,12分：,有,1,个,严重错句,,11分：,有,3处,明显语言错句,,10分：,有,4处,明显语言错误,,段落翻译评分标准,6,段落翻译评分标准,,,7-9分：,9分：,5个,句子正确或基本正确,,8分：,4个,句子正确或基本正确,,7分：,3个,句子正确或基本正确,,,段落翻译评分标准,7,段落翻译评分标准,,4-6分：,6分：内容基本表达，有两个句子正确,,5分：一个句子正确,,4分：没有一个正确句子，但有三个句子有小错,,,段落翻译评分标准4-6分：,8,段落翻译评分标准,,1-3分：,3分：内容基本表达，但所有句子都有错误和严重错误严重错误少,,2分：严重错误多,,1分：严重错误极多,,0分：未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关根据关键词“创作的翻译”，不给分。

段落翻译评分标准1-3分：,9,样题分析,,1.2010,年，中国约有,4.2,亿网民2014.12,真题）,2010,，,China about have 420 million netizens.,（,X,）,,2.,越来越多的中国年轻人正在对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势3.,最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化、丰富知识、扩展视野There were about 420 million netizens in China in 2010.,（,√,）,More and more Chinese young people are interested in tourism, which is a new trend recently.,A recent survey shows that,through,traveling, many young people want to experience different culture, enrich knowledge and expand their horizon.,样题分析There were about 420 milli,10,样题分析,,很多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。

精心准备的,中餐既可口又好看烹饪技术,和配料在中国各地差别很大但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养（nutrition）由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物，肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡所以中餐美味又健康参考译文】Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is not only regarded as a skill but also an art. The,carefully-prepared,Chinese food is tasty and good-looking.,The way of cooking,and ingredients selection vary greatly across China. However, good cooking has one thing in common, that is, to always concern colors, smell, tastes and nutrition. As food is vital for man,',s health, good cooks are always making efforts to maintain balance between grains,,,meats and vegetables. Thus, Chinese food is delicious and healthy.,样题分析很多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种,11,样题分析,14,分参考译文,,样题分析14分参考译文,12,样题分析,8,分参考译文,,样题分析8分参考译文,13,样题分析,,5,分参考译文,,样题分析5分参考译文,14,样题分析,,样题分析,15,段落翻译解题步骤,1.,通读全段，理解原文，,确定时态,。

自,1961,年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标2014.12,）,,【思路分析】本句主干句是“大熊猫就一直是它的徽标”，可依“主系表”结构译出;一看到“自从”就应该想到since，since作为介词，后面要跟名词结构，所以“自从……以来”可译作介词短语“since the founding of WWF in 1961”或处理为从句“since 1961 when WWF was founded”，置于句首或句末均可参考译文】Panda,has been,the logo of WWF since 1961 when WWF,was founded,.,,,段落翻译解题步骤1.通读全段，理解原文，确定时态16,段落翻译解题步骤,:,确定时态,,相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病2013,.,12),,【思路分析】句子主干部分为：“……一位帝王……发现了茶，并用来治病” 具体翻译时，因为原句强调的是“茶”，可考虑将其作主语，原句用被动语态译出参考译文】Legend has it that tea was found by a Chinese emperor more than five thousand years ago, and was then used to cure diseases.,,“相传”是一个习惯用语，除译为“,Legend has it that …,”外，还可以译为“,According to legend,”或“,as legend goes,”,段落翻译解题步骤:确定时态相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发,17,段落翻译解题步骤,,2.,处理原文句子，,正确断句，合句,，,找准主语，谓语，宾语,。

e.g.,（,2013.12,）这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观段落翻译解题步骤2.处理原文句子，正确断句，合句，找准主,18,段落翻译解题步骤,,以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎段落翻译解题步骤以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已,19,段落翻译解题步骤,正确断句，合句,,阅读对于中小学生尤其重要，,假如,他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就难了2014.6,）,【思路分析】由于句子较长，可考虑分译法，拆成两句因为“假设”表明这是另一个话题，所以可从此处断开参考译文】Reading is especially important for middle and primary school students.,If,they don,',t nurture the interest of reading at that critical period, it will be harder to develop a habit to read books.(从意义完整、独立处拆分),段落翻译解题步骤正确断句，合句,20,段落翻译解题步骤,3.,修改。

对译文修正，加工，润饰第一步：对照原文一句一句修改，看原文内容是否准确表达；有无漏译，错译，曲解的地方第二步：脱离原文，反复阅读后进行修改看上下午有无不连接，矛盾，重复的地方，有无逻辑不通的地方段落翻译解题步骤3. 修改对译文修正，加工，润饰21,翻译的基本方法：直译,&,意译,翻译的基本方法：直译&意译,22,汉译英基本技巧：增词,1.,增加连词,,汉译英基本技巧：增词1.增加连词,23,汉译英基本技巧：增词,,汉译英基本技巧：增词,24,汉译英基本技巧：增词,2.,增加主语,,汉译英基本技巧：增词2.增加主语,25,汉译英基本技巧：增词,,从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建，民族智慧的传播，民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用汉译英基本技巧：增词从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建，,26,汉译英基本技巧：增词,3.,同时增加连词和主语,,汉译英基本技巧：增词3. 同时增加连词和主语,27,汉译英基本技巧：增词练习,,,1.,大作收到，十分高兴2.,把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍I'm,very glad to have received,your,writing.,After,you,have read these stories, tell,them,in your own words.,汉译英基本技巧：增词练习I'm very glad to,28,汉译英基本技巧：减词,英语的表达倾向简洁，汉语比较喜欢重复。

重复，作为一种汉语修辞方法，在某种场合下，重复的表达一个意思，是为了强调，加强语气为了有更强的节奏感和押韵，汉语中也经常会出现排比句考生在翻译这些句子时，为了符合英文表达的逻辑，就要有所删减或省略e.g.,这是革命的,春天,，这是人民的,春天,，这是科学的,春天,!让我们张开双臂，热烈拥抱这个,春天,吧!,译文：Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.,,汉译英基本技巧：减词英语的表达倾向简洁，汉语比较喜欢重复重,29,汉译英基本技巧：减词,,我们要忠于党，忠于人民，忠于祖国我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也绝不会后退郭沫若同志曾说，,“,中国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的We should be loyal,to our party, to our people, to our motherland,.,We won't retreat, we,never have and never will.,Comrade Guo Moruo once said, “The people of China have always been courageous,in exploration, innovation and revolution.,”,汉译英基本技巧：减词我们要忠于党，忠于人民，忠于祖国。

We,30,汉译英基本技巧：减词,汉译英基本技巧：减词,31,汉译英基本技巧：词类转换,汉译英基本技巧：词类转换,32,汉译英基本技巧：词类转换,1.,丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多,山,2.,通过阅读，人们能更好地学会,感恩，有责任心和与人合作,，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本的素质Through reading, people can learn better how to,be grateful, responsible and cooperative,, and the goal of education is to cultivate these basic personalities.,汉译英基本技巧：词类转换1.丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多,33,汉译英基本技巧：词类转换,,3.,孩子们看电视过多会大大地,损坏,视力动词转名词）,Too much,exposure,to TV programs will do great,harm,to the eyesight of children.,,4.,我们会,考虑,你的要求的动词转名词）,We will take your requirement into,consideration,.,汉译英基本技巧：词类转换,34,词类转换翻译练习,,1.,我打开窗子，让新鲜空气,进来,。

2.,那个,穿,紫色衣服的女生是我的好朋友3.大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，,长着,独特的黑白皮毛I open the window to let the fresh air,in,.,,,The girl,in,purple is my close friend.,The giant panda is a kind of tame/gentle animal,with,unique black-and-white fur.,,词类转换翻译练习1.我打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来I ope,35,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,36,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,37,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,38,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,39,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换,【语态转换练习】,1.,乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造2.,典型的中国园林四周有围墙3.,他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》（,The Analects,）一书中4.,中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的All the houses in Wuzhen,are built of,stone and wood.,A typical Chinese garden,is surrounded,by walls.,His words and life story,were recorded,in,The Analects.,,The Chinese knot,was,originally,invented,by the craftsmen.,汉译英基本技巧：语态转换【语态转换练习】All the ho,40,真题解析,黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生The Yellow River ranks the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world. The word “yellow” describes the muddy water of the river. The Yellow River，one of several rivers for China to live on，originates from Qinghai，flows through nine provinces, and finally pours into the Bohai Sea. The river basin is not only the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization，but also the most prosperous region in the early history of China. However,due to the frequent devastating floods, it has caused many disasters. In the past few decades,the government has taken various measures to prevent disasters.,真题解析黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

黄”这个字描述的,41,真题解析,,黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流The Yellow River,ranks,the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world.,“黄”这个字描述的是其,河水,浑浊的颜色,The word “yellow” describes,the muddy water,of the river.,黄河,发源,于青海，,流经,九个省份，最后,注入,渤海黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一合译）,The Yellow River，one of several rivers for China to live on，originates from Qinghai，flows through nine provinces, and finally pours into the Bohai Sea.,,,真题解析黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流42,真题解析,,黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区The river basin is not only the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization，but also the most prosperous region in the early history of China.,然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。

However,due to the frequent devastating floods, it has caused many disasters.,在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生In the past few decades,the government has taken various measures to prevent disasters.,,真题解析黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的,43,真题解析,珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河珠江三角洲（delta）是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11,000平方公里它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is China,',s third-longest river, only after theYangtze River and theYellow River. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the most developed regions in China with an area of about 11,000 square kilometers. It is the largest urban area in the world in both size and population.The nine largest cities of PRDhave a combined population of over 57 million.Since the reform and opening up (economic liberalization) was adopted by the Chinese governmen tin the late 1970s, the Delta has become one of the leading economic regions and a major manufacturing center of China and the world.,真题解析珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，,44,真题解析,,珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。

分译）,The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City.,,It is,China,',s third-longest river, only after theYangtze River and theYellow River.,珠江三角洲（delta）是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11,000平方公里The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the most developed regions in China,with,an area of about 11,000 square kilometers.,它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区主语谓语表语）,It is the largest urban area in the world in both size and population.,,真题解析珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河,45,真题解析,,,珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。

The nine largest cities of PRD have a combined population of over 57 million.,上世纪70年代末中国,改革开放,以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一Since the,reform and opening up,(economic liberalization) was adopted by the Chinese government in the late 1970s, the Delta has become one of the leading economic regions and a major manufacturing center of China and the world.,,真题解析,46,汉译英基本技巧：分译,&,合译（按内容层次分译）,,汉译英基本技巧：分译&合译（按内容层次分译）,47,汉译英基本技巧：分译,&,合译（按内容层次分译）,汉译英基本技巧：分译&合译（按内容层次分译）,48,汉译英基本技巧：分译,&,合译（按内容层次分译）,,汉译英基本技巧：分译&合译（按内容层次分译）,49,汉译英基本技巧：分译,&,合译（按内容层次分译）,汉译英基本技巧：分译&合译（按内容层次分译）,50,合译练习题,1.,秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。

人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收2016.12,）,,,,,2.,许多西方人会选咖啡而中国人则会选茶2013.12,）,,,合译练习题1.秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄人们兴高采烈,51,分译练习题,1.,孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家，教育家，是儒家学派（,Confucianism,）的创始人，被尊称为古代的圣人（,sage,）2.,如今，很多年轻人不再选择,“,稳定,”,的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值分译练习题1.孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家，教育家，是儒家学,52,分译练习题,,3.,在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其它喜庆场合，红色到处可见2016.12,）,,分译练习题3.在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福,53,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,54,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,55,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,56,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,汉译英基本技巧：正反翻译表达,57,,Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content, their condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.,Directions: For this part, you,58,,For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.,,For this part, you are allowed,59,。