It构成的句型小结.doc

It构成的句型小结    一、 It作形式主语的句型为使句子平衡，往往把it置于句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语（通常是不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句）移至句末It 作形式主语的句型有：㈠ it 代指不定式短语的句型1. It takes + (sb.) + sometime / some money + to do sth. 做某事花去某人多长时间Just a minute, it won't take me long to change.等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服It takes five minutes to walk there.走到那里需要5分钟It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.我花了一年多时间才学会在5分钟内画出一匹好看的马来It takes a lot of money to buy a house like that.买那样一幢房子需要很多钱2. It takes + 名词 + (for sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事需要… … It took great imagination as well as patience for Annie to teach me to speak.对安妮来说，教我说话需要极大的信心和想象力。

It takes time for them to prepare for the great changes that take place in space.他们需要很多时间准备应付太空中所发生的巨大变化3. It is + 形容词 + (for / of sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事是… …的常用于该句型的形容词比较多for sb. 的句型 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better等of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 等It was not right for the south to break away from the union.南方脱离联邦是不对的。

It was kind of you to help us.谢谢你对我们的帮助It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living.懒汉谋生是越来越困难了What time would it be most convenient for me to call again?什么时候我再给你打最合适？It’s very good of you to have listened to me.感谢你能听我讲It’s very thoughtful and kind of you to offer me this lovely holiday.你能给我这么美好的假日，实在是想得太周到、太友善了4. It is + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事是… …的 常用于该句型的名词有：manners, duty, fun, good, a great honour, the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough等As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class.作为学生，上课迟到是没有礼貌的。

It is our duty to pay taxes to our government.向政府交税是我们的义务5. It is + one’s turn + to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 It was my turn to clean the blackboard.轮到我擦黑板了6. It is + up to sb. + to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任或义务It’s up to us to give them all the help we can.我们理应竭尽所能地给予他们帮助㈡ it 代指动名词短语的句型7. It is + 名词 + doing sth. 做某事是… …用于该句型的名词有：no good, no use, hard work, a nuisance, a waste of time, a great honour等It’s no use talking to him about it.和他谈论此事是没用的It’s no use/good (in) crying over spilt/spilled milk.事已至此，后悔也无用牛奶已泼，哭也没用。

It is hard work keeping the grass green at this time of year.这个季节还使草保持绿色真是不容易It was a nuisance having to wait for such a long time.要等这样久真烦人It’s a waste of time your talking to him.你和他谈话是浪费时间It has been a great honour your coming to visit me.你的来访是我很大的荣幸8. It is + 形容词 + doing sth. 做某事真… …用于该句型的形容词有：pleasant, useless, senseless, worthwhile, dangerous等It was pleasant meeting you in London that day.那天在伦敦见到你真高兴It’s dangerous playing with fire.玩火是危险的Is it worthwhile making such an experiment?做这样的实验值得吗？㈢ it 代指名词性从句的句型9. It + be + 名词 + that从句用于该句型中的名词有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, a good thing, good news, no wonder等。

惯用句型有：It is common knowledge that…　 ……是常识It is a surprise that…　　 令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that…　　　　 事实是……It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.真遗憾，她犯了这样一个错误It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事It is a thousand pity/ thousand pities that he missed the chance.他错过了这次机会真是太可惜了It is no wonder that he has passed the examination.难怪他考试及格了It is a shame that you have to leave so soon.你必须这么早离开，真遗憾It was a stupid thing that he didn’t listen to his teacher.他不听老师的话，真蠢It is a great honour that he receive that prize.他得到了那个奖真是无上的荣耀。

10. It + be + 形容词 + that从句 … … 是 … … 用于该句型中的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, certain, important, strange, natural, surprising, fortunate, good, wonderful, funny, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, quite clear, unusual等惯用句型有：It is necessary that…　　　 有必要……It is important that…　　　 重要的是……It is obvious that…　　　　 很明显……It is important that we (should) learn English well.我们学好英语是非常重要的It is necessary that the students (should) remember all the new words.学生记住所有的新单词是必要的11. It + be + -ed 分词 + that从句 据… …是… …的常见的过去分词有：said, reported, learned, announced, known, decided, expected, believed, considered, declared, felt, hoped, seen, supposed, thought, understood等。

惯用句型有：It is said that…　　 据说　　It is reported that… 据报道　　　 It is believed that…　大家相信　　　　　It is hoped that…　大家希望It is well known that… 众所周知　　It is thought that…　大家认为It is suggested that…　据建议　　　　　It has been decided that… 大家决定　　 It must be remembered that…务必记住的是It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbit.据报道，又有一颗人造卫星被送入轨道It is said that he has gone to the USA for further study.据说他已去美国深造了It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.众所周知，光以直线运行It has been decided that we should design the machine ourselves.已经决定我们自己来设计这部机器。

12. It + 及物动词 + 名词 + 从句It makes no difference to me whether it’s foggy or clear.对我来说，天气有雾或晴朗没什么关系It doesn’t。