鲤春病毒血症的病例分析.doc

鲤春病毒血症的病例分析1疫病概述 1 disease overview鲤春病毒血症(Spring viraemia of carp, SVC)是 一种由弹状病毒科水泡性病毒属的鲤春病毒血症病毒 (SVCV )导致的急性、出血性并伴有高度感染的盛行病， 会严峻危害渔业出产并能形成毁灭性冲击该病毒通常感 染鲤科鱼类，在鲤、锦鲤、草鱼、舖、黑鲫和鲫等鱼 中可发作显着的表现，但鲤是其间最灵敏的宿主该病以 全身出血及腹水、发病急、逝世率高为特征，常常于春季 迸发并导致幼鱼和成鱼逝世鲤春病毒血症最早盛行于欧 洲、中东和俄罗斯，这些年传达到美洲和亚洲世界动物 卫生组织(0IE)将其列为必报的重要疫病2008年我国 新公布的动物疫病名录中将其列为一类动物疫病Spring viremia ( Spring viraemia of carp, SVC ) is a kind of Rhabdoviridae vesiculovirus of spring viremia virus ( SVCV )， acute hemorrhagic and associated with high prevalence of infection disease, the serious threat of fishery production and can form a devastating impact・ The virus is commonly infecting cyprinid fish, carp, carp, grass carp, in silver carp, bighead carp, black carp and crucian carp and other fish can produce significant performance, but it is the host of the most sensitive. The bleeding and ascites, acute onset, high rate of death for features, often in the spring burst and cause of juvenile and adult fish died・ Spring viremia of the earl iest popular in Europe, the Middle East and Russia, these years to America and asia・ The world organization for animal health ( OIE ) as its important diseases must be reported・ In 2008 China，s latest list of the animal disease classified as a type of animal disease・该病发作和盛行对我国的水产饲养业特别是鲤科鱼 类的饲养构成极大的要挟。

当前，尚缺少有用操控该病的 药物和办法因而，世界上通行的操控该病的有用办法是 进行SVC的监测，及早发现该病并进行阻隔或扑杀，到达 按捺该病迸发盛行的意图The attack and the prevalence of Chinaz s aquaculture industry especially feeding cyprinid fish pose a great threat. At present, there is a lack of useful drugs and measures for the disease contro1・ Therefore, effective measures to the prevailing world control the disease is to monitor the SVC, early detection of the disease and the barrier or culling, intention to inhibit the disease outbreak・1. 1 病原 鲤春病毒血症病毒 (spring viraemia of carp virus, SVCV )又称鲤弹状病毒，世界病毒分类委员 会2000年第七次陈述将其列为弹状病毒科 (Rhabdoviridae ).水疱病毒属(Vesiculovirus )的暂 定成员［1］。

弹状病毒科分为3个属：狂犬病毒属 (Lyssavirus).水疱病毒属、植物弹状病毒群(plant rhabdovirus group )，当前发现的导致鱼类重要疾病的弹 状病毒有5种，它们在形状、RNA及蛋白质组成方面与哺 乳动物弹状病毒根本类似其间鲤春病毒血症病毒和梭子 鱼苗弹状病毒(pike f ry rhabdovirus, PFRV )、水疱性 口炎病毒属成员的蛋白质谱类似被划归为水疱性口炎病 毒属的暂定成员；病毒出血性败血症病毒(viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV )、感染性造血器 官坏死病毒(infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, IHNV)和鳗鱼弹状病毒⑵1. 1 pathogenic spring viremia virus ( spring viraemia of carp virus, SVCV ) is also cal led the carp rhabdovirus, world Virus Classification Committee in 2000 seventh statement as its Rhabdoviridae ( Rhabdoviridae )， vesiculovirus (Vesiculovirus ) of the provisional member [1 ]・ Rhabdoviridae are divided into 3 genera : rabies virus ( Lyssavirus ), vesiculovirus, plant rhabdovirus group ( plant rhabdovirus group )， the current that cause fish diseases rhabdoviruses are 5, they are in shape, RNA and protein composition and feeding animal rhabdovirus fundamentally similar・ During the spring viremia virus and shuttle fry rhabdovirus ( pike fry rhabdovirus, PFRV ), vesicular stomatitis virus is a member of the protein is similar. Classified as a provisional member of vesicular stomatitis virus; viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus ( viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV )，infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus ( infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, IHNV ) and eel rhabdoviruses [2]・在电镜下SVCV呈现出脊椎动物弹状病毒所具有的典型弹状形状［3］，病毒粒子长约为80~180 nm,直径约为60 90 nm,并具有直径约为50 nm呈螺旋对称的内核壳体。

该病毒的基因组为线性、单链、负股RNA，不分节段SVCV 在氯化铠中的浮力密度为1. 195^1. 200 g/ml [4] o pH为3 和12时，脂溶剂和热（56 C ）可损坏病毒粒子的感染性, 3%的福尔马林、0. 01%的有机碘、2%的NaOH和紫外线（254 nm）可灭活病毒重复冻溶可损坏病毒的有些活性冻干 保管病毒时加2%一10%的牛血清可维护其活性⑸showed therhabdoviruslength nm,diameter of about 60 90 nm,and has adiameter ofUnder the electron microscope SVCV typical shape of [3] slug vertebrate of virus particles is about 80 180, about 50 nm was the kernel shell hel ical symmetry. The viral genome is s ingle-stranded, 1 inear, negative RNA，unsegmented・ SVCV in CSCL buoyant density in 1.195 1.200 g/ml[4]. PH was 3 and 12, fat solve nt and heat ( 56 C) in fccti on may damage the virus particles, 3% formalin, 0.01% organic iodine, 2% NaOH and ultraviolet ( 254 nm ) can be inactivated virus・ Repeated freezing and thawing some activity may damage the virus・ Frcezc-dricd preservat ion virus 2% 10% bovine serum can maintain the activity of [5]・SVCV病毒基因组为线性单链负股RNA，在浓度5%"20% 的蔗糖梯度中的沉降系数为38~40 S[6]。

SVCV病毒基因 组RNA全长约11 019 bp,包含5个开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame, ORF),别离编码SVCV 5种首要的布局蛋 白，从基因组RNA的旷 端到7 端依次为核蛋白(nucleoprotein, N )、磷蛋白(phosphoprotein, P )、 基质蛋白(matrix protein, M )、糖蛋白(glycoprotein , G )和 RNA 聚合酶蛋白(RNA polymerase, L )o 1984 年， Kiuchi [7-8]等人最先研讨SVCV病毒基因组的特征并宣 布了 M蛋白基因序列和坐落基因组RNA 3，端，长约为70 bp的碱基序列1984-1994年对SVCV基因组的研讨简直 处于阻滞的状况,1995-1996年，Bjorklund[9-10]等人宣 布了 L蛋白基因的有些序列、G蛋白基因的全序列和基因 间接合位点处序列2001年,Bjorklund等人和Hoffman 等人别离宣布了 SVCV参阅株VR-1390的全基因组序列， 在GenBank中的序列号别离为U18101和AJ318079SVCV virus genome is single-stranded negative strand RNA, sedimentation coefficient in the concentration of 5% 20% in the sucrose gradient for 38 40 S[6]・ SVCV virus genome RNA is a。