
HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理PPT课件.ppt
18页How Seatbelts WorkHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Introduction According to NHTSA seatbelts save 13,000 lives in US each year 7,000 US car accident fatalities could have been avoided if victims had been wearing belts Seatbelts reduce the risk of death for a front seat car occupant by about 50 percentHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Seatbelts Seatbelt spreads the crash forces across stronger parts of the body to minimize injury. Consists of lap belt and a shoulder belt Belts extend across the pelvis, rib cage and shoulder. Force is not concentrated in a small area, so injury is reduced.HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Crashworthiness Crumple zones front and rear of the car that collapse relatively easily Car seatbelts have the ability to extend and retract You can lean forward easily, belt stays fairly taut In a collision, belt tightens up and holds you in placeHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Seat Belt Retractors Retractor mechanismA spiraled spring rotates the spool to keep the seatbelt webbing tautHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Retractor has a locking mechanism Two types of locking mechanisms:1) Systems triggered by the cars movement2) Systems triggered by the belts movementHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Weighted pendulum triggered by car movement When the car comes to a sudden stop the inertia causes the pendulum to swing forward. The pawl on the other end of the pendulum catches the tooth ratchet gear attached to the spool. The gear and spool can no longer rotate counterclockwise.HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理1)HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Centrifugal clutch triggered by belt movement Centrifugal clutch. When the spool rotates quickly, centrifugal force drives the weighted end of a pivoting lever outward. The lever pushes a cam connected to a pawl. The pawl moves into the spinning ratchet gear stopping the belt.HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理2)HowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Pretensioner Tightens up slack in the belt webbing in the event of a crash Pulls in on the belt Some pretensioners pull the entire retractor mechanism backward and some rotate the spool itself They are the same central control processor that activates the cars air bagsHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Pretensioners Processor monitors mechanical or electronic motion sensors that respond to sudden deceleration of impact Pretensioners built around electric motors or solenoids Popular designs today - pyrotechnicsHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理When the gas is ignited, the pressure pushes the piston up to rotate the retractorHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Pretensioners Central element combustible gas When collision detected, it immediately applies electrical current across electrodes Spark from electrodes ignites the igniter material, which combusts to ignite the gas Pressure pushes piston, driving it upward Retractor mechanism speeding rack rotates spool forcefully, winding up any slack belt webbingHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理Load Limiters Minimize belt-inflicted injury Earlier load limiters had stitching aling the belt that broke to limit the load as the belt tightened. Advanced load limiters rely on torsion bar When great deal of force is applied to the webbing, torsion bar twists slightly Allows webbing to extend a little bit fartherHowSeatbeltsWork安全带工作原理 From:http:/。












