四级辅导--四六级作文(2)--论说文写作.doc

四六级---写作（论说文）四/六级作文（二）论说文写作一．结构（一）：问题解决型（Problem-Solution）-----对某一问题进行分析,找出解决办法,表达自己的看法. l 常用句型（Structure/Sentence Pattern）第一段：提出问题（what/why）句型：◎ Nowadays，we have to face a problem that…(问题)◎ Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem…(问题)◎ It is important for us to…(问题)第二段：解决问题 (How)句型：◎ People have figured out many ways to solve the problem．Firstly，…(解决方法一)Secondly，…(解决方法二), …◎ Confronted with…(问题)we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation．Firstly，…(解决方法一)Secondly，…(解决方法二), …第三段：表达自己的立场句型：◎ 1)Personally，I believe that…(我的方法)／To me，I am taking two ways to solve the problem of…(问题)One of them is…(我的方法)The other way is…(方法二)By now ways have been working perfectly and efficient1y…(结果)◎ 2) In conclusion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/Obviously/It’s clear that…/It’s no doubt that….l 思维框架（Mindmap）1．引介----引入要讨论的话题（Introduction （Statement/thesis））：2．主体（body）要讨论的主题句（topic sentence）:所面临的问题(what)：此问题是如何引起的(why)?如何解决此问题(how)?3．结论(conclusion)-- 重述主题论点或总结概括各要点（Restate / summarise）：二．结构（二）：因果关系型-----对某现象进行因果原因分析l 思维框架（Mindmap）1.引介（Introduction）:2.主体部分主题句（topic sentence）: 段落1（Body Paragraph 1）段落2（Body Paragraph 2）段落3（Body Paragraph 3）要点（topic sentence）理由（Reason 1）要点（ topic sentence ）理由（Reason 2）要点（ topic sentence ）理由（Reason 3）举证（事例、数据、引言等）（Supporting Facts举证（事例、数据、引言等）（Supporting Facts举证（事例、数据、引言等）（Supporting Facts3．结论(Conclusion)三．议论文写作框架/模版A 问题—解决型1. 模板一 (第1句)With the development/improvement of (铺垫) , (写某一问题) . (第2句)It is necessary that (关注解决现象引出的问题很必要) . (第3句)On the one hand, (解决问题很必要的理由一) . (第4句)On the other hand, (解决问题很必要的理由二) . (第5句)Therefore, how to (承上启下,提出要解决的问题) is worth paying attention. (第6句)Firstly (解决办法一) . (第7句)Secondly (解决办法2) . (第8句)For example, (举例解释解决办法2) . (第9句) Thirdly, (解决办法三) . (第10句)In other words, (阐明解决办法三) . (第11句)In fact, ways to (指出解决问题的办法多种多样) are countless. (第12句)It's time that (强调解决问题时不可待) . 【本模式作文范文】2004 年 1 月真题:Reduce Waste on Campus (第1句)With the improvement of living standard, waste on campus is increasingly serious. (第2句)It is necessary that something should be done to reduce waste on campus. (第3句)On the one hand, our waste has already caused a great loss of precious resources, such as water and electricity. (第4句)On the other hand, our waste adds our parents as well as our society a burden. (第5句)Therefore, how to eliminate waste on campus is worth paying attention. (第6句)Firstly, we should turn off the light when we leave our dorms or classrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible. (第7句)Secondly, we should stop wasting water when we bath, or wash clothes and dishes. (第8句)For example, we should use a basin when we clean faces. (第9句)Thirdly, we should be economical. (第10句)In other words, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need. (第11句)In fact, the ways to reduce waste on campus are countless. (第12句)It's time that we cultivate the habit of thrift in every possible way. 2. 模板二 (第1句)There has been a discussion recently about （提出现存的问题）. (第2句)It is obvious that （解决问题很必要的理由一）. (第3句) Additionally, （解决问题很必要的理由二）. (第4句)So it is high time, （承上启下,说明解决问题的必要性）. (第5句)First of all, （解决办法一）. (第6句)The reason is （解决办法一的理由）. (第7句)Secondly （解决办法二）. (第8句)That is to say, （阐明解决办法二）. (第9句)Thirdly, （解决办法三）. (第10句)In fact, more than three ways can be adopted, （指出解决问题的办法多种多样）. (第11句) As for me, （个人立场）. (第12句)All in all, （总结全文）. 【本模式作文范文】Reduce Waste on Campus (第1句)There has been a discussion recently about waste on campus. (第2句)It is obvious that a great loss of precious resources, such as water and electricity have been caused by waste. (第3句)Additionally, our waste adds our parents and society a burden. (第4句)So it is high time that we took actions to reduce the waste on campus. (第5句)First of all, we should stop wasting water when we bath, or clean faces, or wash clothes and dishes. (第6句)The reason is that there is a great shortage of water in the word. (第7句)Secondly, we should be economical. (第8句)That is to say, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need. (第9句)Thirdly, we should turn off the light when we leave dorms or classrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible. (第10句)In fact, more than three ways can be adopted. (第11句)As for me, the cultivation of good habit of thrift is most important for all of us. (第12句)All in all, every college student should join in the efforts to combat the waste on campus. 3. 模板三 (第1句)I t is certain that （提出问题及解决的必要性）. (第2句)For one reason, （解决问题很必要的理由一）. (第3句)For another, （解决问题很必要的理由二）. (第4句)However, some still puzzle on how to （转折到如何解决问题）. (第5句)Here come some suggestions（呈上指出解决问题的方法很多）. (第6句)To begin with, 。