园林树木学被子植物门3课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2024/11/6,园林树木学被子植物门3,海桐科 Pittosporaceae,海桐,P.tobira,常绿灌木或小乔木，高26m，,树冠圆球形.叶革质，互生，倒卵形、椭圆形，缘反卷，全缘，无毛表面深绿而有光泽，顶生伞房花序，,花白色或黄绿色,，蒴果，,种子鲜红色,花期5月南方树种,耐荫性很强，喜光对土壤要求不严格，抗海潮风，抗有毒气体，耐修剪播种，扦插都行枝叶繁茂，园球形，观叶树种，蒴果开裂露出红色种子还可做房屋基础种植及绿篱材料孤植，丛植于草坪、道边、林缘,对植于门旁，列植，路边也很合适悬铃木科,Platanaceae,Platanaceae,is a family of flowering plants.The family has only one genus,platanus,.This genus has six to seven species of tall trees.The trees grow naturally in temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere.In all species,the flowers grow in dense groups of small flowers,.,The fruits are small achenes with hairs near the base.,本科一属，约67种，中国3种。

落叶乔木，树干皮呈片状剥落；单叶互生，柄下芽；头状花序，下垂，聚合果呈球形法桐(三球悬铃木),球果36个一串,有刺毛,叶57裂深至中部或更深,花期45月美桐(一球悬铃木),球果常单生,无刺毛,叶35浅裂,中部裂片的宽度大于长度,英桐(二球悬铃木),前两种的杂交种,球果常2个一串,亦偶尔有单生的,叶35裂,中部裂片的长度与宽度近于相等,本种为中国栽培的多无球果品种 少毛品种,习性:,阳性树种，喜温暖的气候，有一定的耐寒能力，北至北京可整地栽培对土壤的适应能力极强，耐干旱，耐水湿,萌芽能力强、耐修剪，很耐重剪，抗烟强，对SO,2,、CI,2,等有毒气体有较强的抗性，英桐抗性最强，根系浅，怕台风繁殖:,播种法和扦插法都容易扦插有一个假活现象，扦插后生长一节后，叶子下垂，而根未生长观赏特性及园林用途:,树型雄伟端正，叶大荫浓，树冠广阔，干皮光洁，繁殖容易抗性强,有“行道树之王”的美称但在应用时应注意其幼叶上有大量星状毛，吸入呼吸道易得肺炎，故勿种植在幼儿园等地小檗属,Berberis,The genus is characterised by dimorphic shoots,with long shoots which form the structure of the plant,and short shoots only 1-2 mm long.The leaves on long shoots are non-photosynthetic,developed into three-spined thorns 3-30 mm long;the bud in the axil 叶腋of each thorn-leaf then develops a short shoot with several normal,photosynthetic leaves.These leaves are 1-10 cm long,simple,and either entire,or with spiny margins.Only on young seedlings do leaves develop on the long shoots,with the adult foliage style developing after the young plant is 1-2 years old。

The flowers are produced singly or in,racemes,of up to 20 on a single flower-head.They are,yellow or orange,with,six sepals and six petals,in alternating,whorls of three,the sepals usually coloured like the petals,.The,fruit is a small berry,ripening red or dark blue,often with a pink or violet waxy surface bloom;they may be either long and narrow(like a bar,hence barberry)or in other species,spherical.,The berries are edible,and rich in,vitamin C,小檗科Berberidaceae,灌木或多年生草本，叶多互生，花两性整齐，花萼花瓣相似，2多轮，1轮3枚，浆果或蒴果。

枝常具枝刺，刺针状分叉，有长短枝，长枝（幼枝）互生，短枝簇生，花黄色，浆果红黑约500种，中国约200种，多分布西部及西南部，各种根茎皮中含有小檗碱，可制黄连素，多数种可供庭园观赏小檗（日本小檗）,Berberis thunbergii,叶全缘，花15朵,成簇生状，伞形花序，叶小匙,形，0.52cm，,果熟亮红，变型,紫叶小檗，常开,紫红色和绿色草地配植效果好天安门前有紫叶,小檗.矮紫叶小檗，,30cm以下小檗属,阿穆尔小檗,Berberis amurensis,刺分3叉，叶边缘有齿,叶,缘有刺毛状细锯齿，叶,510cm花瓣先端微,凹，花序1025朵排下,垂，总状花序果熟亮红刺檗,B.vulgris,小枝较粗，有沟槽，幼时黄,色或黄红色，次年变灰色，,刺3叉，叶缘刺状锯齿，花黄,色花瓣先端不凹，果红色或,紫，味酸紫叶刺檗,常年深紫色迪氏小檗,迪氏小檗,金花小檗,十大功劳属,Mahonia,Mahonia typically have large,pinnate leaves 10-50,cm long with 5-15 leaflets,and flowers in racemes,(5-20 cm long).Leaves are alternately arranged.,常绿灌木，奇数羽状复叶，互生，叶小，缘具刺齿,花黄色，总状花序数条簇生，萼片9，3轮，花瓣,6，2轮，雄蕊6。

浆果暗紫色，被白毛100种，中,国40种十大功劳,Mahonia fortunei,十大功劳,Mahonia fortunei,小叶59枚，狭披针形，缘有刺齿613对,阔叶十大功劳,M.bealei,小叶715枚，卵形或卵状椭圆形，缘有刺齿25对,，习性耐荫华北盆栽阔叶十大功劳,M.bealei,南天竹,Nandina domenstica,It is an erect,shrub,growing to 2 m tall,with numerous,usually unbranched stems growing from the,roots,.The,leaves,are,evergreen,(sometimes,deciduous,in colder areas),50-100 cm long,bi-to tri-pinnately compound,with the individual leaflets.The young leaves in spring are brightly coloured pink to red before turning green;old leaves turn red or purple again before falling.The,flowers,are white,borne in early summer in conical clusters held well above the foliage.The,fruit,is a bright red,berry,5-10 mm diameter,ripening in late autumn and often persisting through the winter,南天竹,Nandina,常绿灌木，23回羽状复叶，互生，中轴有关节，小叶全缘，花小而白色，成顶生圆锥花序，花期57月，浆果球形，鲜红色。

变种白果、紫果南天竹习性：,喜半荫，最好上午见光，中午和下午要庇荫，强光下也能生长，叶发红观赏及用途,：茎干丛生，枝叶扶疏，秋冬叶色变红，果实红色，经冬不落，观果，墙角，园路转角，常与山石搭配。