GulliversTravels作者与作品简单介绍.ppt

Gulliver'sTravelsGulliver'sTravels作者作者与作品简单介绍与作品简单介绍Gulliver's Travels ContentuuIntroduction of Jonathan SwiftIntroduction of Jonathan SwiftuuIntroduction of Gulliver's Travels Introduction of Gulliver's Travels Jonathan SwiftJonathan Swift,a master satirist,was born in Dublin, Ireland.He was famous for Tale of a Tub, Gulliver's Travels, The Battle of the Books ,and so on.Gulliver's Travels Gulliver's Travels uuBorn in Dublin, Ireland.Born in Dublin, Ireland.uuStudied at Dublin's Trinity CollegeStudied at Dublin's Trinity CollegeuuAt 19, Swift went to England to serve as a private At 19, Swift went to England to serve as a private secretary to Sir William Temple , a powerful secretary to Sir William Temple , a powerful English statesman.English statesman.uuthe editor of the official Tory organ, the editor of the official Tory organ, The ExaminerThe Examiner uuOrdained an Anglican priest of St. Patrick's Ordained an Anglican priest of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin in 1695. Cathedral, Dublin in 1695. uuHe joined in the struggle of the Irish people He joined in the struggle of the Irish people against their English oppressors. against their English oppressors. uuIn 1742 he was declared of unsound mind and In 1742 he was declared of unsound mind and memory and died 19 October 1745.memory and died 19 October 1745. Life StoryGulliver's Travels Major Works A Tale of a Tub ( 1704 ). A Tale of a Tub ( 1704 ). Battle of the Books ( 1704 ). Battle of the Books ( 1704 ). The Abolishing of Christianity ( 1708 ).The Abolishing of Christianity ( 1708 ).Meditation upon a Broomstick ( 1710 ).Meditation upon a Broomstick ( 1710 ).Journal to Stella ( 1710-1713 ).Journal to Stella ( 1710-1713 ).Proposal for Correcting ( 1712 ). Proposal for Correcting ( 1712 ). The Draper's Letters ( 1724 ).The Draper's Letters ( 1724 ).Gulliver's Travels ( 1726 ). Gulliver's Travels ( 1726 ). The Day Of Judgment ( 1731 ).The Day Of Judgment ( 1731 ).Verses on the Death of Dr Swift " ( 1731 ).Verses on the Death of Dr Swift " ( 1731 ).Gulliver's Travels Swift’s Artistic Featuresl lSatireSatireHis satire is usually masked by an outward His satire is usually masked by an outward gravity and an apparent earnestness which renders gravity and an apparent earnestness which renders his satire all the more powerful. his satire all the more powerful. l lSimplicity and DirectnessSimplicity and DirectnessSwift is always most unsurpassed in the writing. Swift is always most unsurpassed in the writing. He defined a good style as “proper words in proper He defined a good style as “proper words in proper places.”places.”Gulliver's Travels Comments on Jonathan Swift1.Swift's satire is relatively unique in that he offers no resolutions. 2.He never offers the reader a positive set of values to embrace. 3.He does not persuade to any position, but he does persuade readers from an assortment of positions.Gulliver's Travels Literary Position and influenceuSwift is one of the greatest masters of English prose.uSwift is a master satirist. uSwift was a man of great moral integrity and social charm.  Swift’s greatest satire work, Gulliver's Travels, is written in 1726.But the book has not lost its significance to the present day and can be justly ranked among the best novel of world literature. Gulliver’s Travels serves as a biting satire, and Swift ensures that it is both humorous and critical, constantly attacking British and European society through its descriptions of imaginary countries. Gulliver's Travels  Written in the form of a travel journal, Gulliver's Travels is the fictional account of four extraordinary voyages made by Lemuel Gulliver, a physician who signs on to serve as a ship's surgeon when he is unable to provide his family with a sufficient income in London. The book begins with a very short preamble in which Gulliver, in the style of books of the time, gives a brief outline of his life and history prior to his voyages. He enjoys travelling, although it is that love of travel that is his downfall.Gulliver's Travels        Gulliver makes our deep-sea voyages, which are described in the four parts of the book. LilliputLaputaBrobdingnagHouyhnhnms     The first part tells about his experience in Lilliput, where the inhabitants are only six inches tall, twelve times smaller than the normal human beings and all the things they have or say or do are simply miniatures of what is the real world.   In the second part, Gulliver is left alone in Brobdingnag where people are not only ten times taller and larger than ordinary human beings, but also superior in wisdom.   The third part deals mainly with his accidental visit to the Laputa , where the philosophers and projectors devote all their time and energy to the study of some absurd problems.   The last part is a most interesting account of his discoveries in the Houyhnhnm land, where horses are endowed with reason and all good and admirable qualities, and are the governing class.Appreciation of Chapter fourFirst voyage---Lilliput On the very first voyage, Gulliver is shipwrecked. Of all the ship’s crew he alone survives. He swims to the shore of a strange land, inhabited by Lilliputians(利立浦特人), the tallest of whom is six inches high.Before the Chapter four, we should know the backgrounds.The picture shows that arriving at the island, Gulliver was catched by the Lilliputians, and then sent to the emperor.Little by little he gets used to their life and gets license to see Mildendo(密尔敦多密尔敦多) ，，the metropolis.And  chapter four is about the metropolis: Mildendo.The first section : about the cityThe city is an exact square, each side of the wall being five hundred feet long.The two great streets run across and divide it into four quarters. 也就是说密尔敦多这个城市是一个正方形，它的大小大概就是两个足球场。

同时它被两条主要街道分为田字形The second section : about the emperor’s palaceThe palace is in the center of the city and is enclosed by a wall of two feet high.Gulliver discovered it the most splendid apartments that can be imagined.The third paragraph : tell us the author will give  readers a further descriptions about its first erection, laws, learning, religion and so on in a greater work.告诉读者将会在下一部作品中详细介绍小人国，从它的建立到它的法律、宗教等各方面The forth paragraph : Principle secretary tell two mighty evils（内战和侵略）that Mildendo has to meet.The first evils is a violent faction（内战） at home between TRAMECKSAN (特莱姆克三)and SLAMECKSAN（斯莱姆克三）The second evil is the danger of an invasion, by a most potent enemy, from abroad.小人国内战实际讽刺英国国内托利党和辉格党常年不息的斗争和对外战争，其实质是政客们在一些国计民生毫不相干的细节上勾心斗角。

The fifth paragraph : introduce faction and invasion in detailFactionReason：high heels and low heels between TRAMECKSAN and SLAMECKSANInvasionReason: controversy on breaking eggs小人国的两党以鞋跟高矮为区分标志，这里影射的是当年英国的托利党（即保守党的前身）和辉格党（后来发展成自由党）两党政治；而吃鸡蛋时是从大头敲开还是从小头敲开，则指的是天主教与新教（亦称清教，即加尔文教派）之间关于教会仪式的无稽之争为了这一区区争端，竟导致了小人国的内战，甚至殃及邻国The sixth paragraph : Gulliver was ready to defend his person and state against all invaders.有君子之风，愿意帮助朋友，为了朋友他甘愿冒生命危险，也会随时准备抗击一切对朋友不利的人 SummaryGulliver's Travels Main ContentGulliver's Travels Main contentMain content Gulliver , who left a good impression to the king and the people of Lilliput through his friendly behavior when he arrived in Lilliput, made the king agree to restore his freedom and had license to see the metropolis.  Through gulliver’s narrative, we have a preliminary understanding of the Lilliput. But these descriptions are surface phenomenon, from the back through the minister’s talking with Gulliver, we learn more of Lilliput gradually.Gulliver's Travels  In this country, there are two struggling parties, which are distinguished by the use of high and low heels . Besides, the Lilliputians are threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu. In this case, Gulliver intends to resolve the crisis relying on his own strength.Gulliver's Travels  格列佛初到小人国通过自己友善的行为获得了小人国国王和人民的好感，使得国王同意恢复了他的自由并得以参观全国。

通过格列佛的叙说，我们初步了解了小人国，但这些描述都是表面现象，越往后随着内务大臣和格列佛的聊天，我们对小人国的了解越逐渐深入Gulliver's Travels  小人国有两大危机，国内党派争夺十分激烈（内部矛盾是穿鞋子高跟还是低跟形成高根党与低跟党，太子为了争取更多支持，不得不穿一只高跟、一只低跟的鞋子），国外又有强敌入侵（外部矛盾则是因为鸡蛋的打法，一方认为应该先打大头，另一方认为应该先打小头，形成了大端派与小端派，由此引起连年争战），这时格列佛打算凭借自己的力量化解危机Gulliver's Travels Paragraphs DividingGulliver's Travels Paragraph 1-3 : Describing the structure Gulliver saw when visiting the metropolis.Paragraph 4-6 : Chatting with the minister. Something about the country.Gulliver's Travels CharacteristicGulliver's Travels  Gulliver's Travels expresses the author's ideas in a perfect art form. The author uses the rich ironic technique and mythical story profoundly analyzes the British social reality at that time.Gulliver's Travels  《格列佛游记》以较为完美的艺术形式表达了作者的思想观念。

作者用丰富的讽刺手法和虚构幻想的离奇情节,深刻地剖析了当时的英国社会现实作品熔现实与幻想与一炉,将两者进行对比,用虚实的反差来完善讽刺的艺术效果,具有强烈感染力Gulliver's Travels  Firstly, the most distinctive features of this part is irony. The author uses two struggling parties , high-heeled party and low-heeled party, to mirror the struggle between the Tory Party and Whig Party, which ironizes the corruption and contradiction between the ruling groups. The war breaks out originated in an argument "Should eggs be broken at the big or the little end?". It is ridiculous.Gulliver's Travels 第一，本部分最鲜明的特点在于“讽刺”。

作者借用了小人国内“高跟党”与“低跟党”两派之间的斗争，影射一六八八年政变后，托利党和辉格党争权夺利，互相攻计，讽刺了英国统治阶级腐败政治和各统治集团间矛盾，表达对英国现状的不满Gulliver's Travels  Secondly, the fantasy of the plot combines with the authenticity of reality, which adds the unique artistic charm to the novel.Gulliver's Travels 第二，情节的幻想性与现实的真实性有机结合，也给小说增添了独特的艺术魅力例如,在描述小人与大人、人与物的比例关系时,一概按一与十二之比缩小或放大小人国里的小人比格列佛小十二倍，小说后面大人国的大人又比格列佛大十二倍Gulliver's Travels  Thirdly, the author's style of writing is simple and concise.Gulliver's Travels 第三，作者的文笔朴素而简练例如文中写到格列佛在小人国抄录了一段官方文告,它赞颂国王是“举世拥戴”的“万王之王”,“脚踏地心、头顶太阳”等等）Gulliver's Travels The end! Thank you！Gulliver's Travels 结束结束 。