新高考英语人教版复习课件-写作专项-板块四-概要写作（备选）.pptx

板块四,概要写作(备选),2022,英 语,内容索引,Part 1谋篇布局,Part 2典例示范,Part 3强化细节,Part 4跟踪训练,Part 1谋篇布局,题型解读概要写作是一种控制型写作,是对原文的基本内容进行浓缩并进行再加工的语言输出形式,是考生对语言材料进行吸收、存储、内化整理和表达的过程,是一种基于理解的创新概要写作既能训练学生对语言的理解和重新加工的能力,又能提高学生的思维能力概要写作题会提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要,以此来考查学生准确获取关键词,对文章大意进行归纳概括,并用简洁的语言转述文章重要信息的能力考生要在正确理解短文的基础上,用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点,是对阅读理解能力和书面表达能力的综合考查原文以说明文和议论文为主,偶有记叙文以及其他文体原文结构比较明晰,通常包含4个左右的要点考生要客观准确归纳要点,不照搬原文句子,要点之间要恰当衔接,全文内容要连贯,过渡要自然一、题型考查的能力1.考生概括文章主旨大意和准确获取关键词的能力、对语篇的概括能力;2.用简洁的语言表述文章重要信息的能力词汇短语准确,句型表达精练;3.对文章整体结构的把握能力。

二、概要写作的高考评分标准1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;3.上下文的连贯性;4.对各要点表达的独立性情况;5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑;6.如书写差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次评分标准各档次给分范围和要求(总分25分),解题步骤1.仔细阅读原文,掌握文章的主旨大意在阅读过程中,要注意搜寻要点,如议论文中的论点、论据2.列出或找到文章的要点或各段落的主题句可以用下划线标记,也可做笔记,将要点逐一列出3.分析原文的内容和结构,注意段落之间的联系可用树形图画出段落之间的关系4.写出初稿根据列出的要点和对原文的理解,用自己的语言组织内容,尝试写出概要5.认真阅读初稿,对照原文,检查是否漏掉重要内容 检査并确定拼写、语法、标点正确无误6.再次厘清要点之间的联系,添加必要的连接词,使全文逻辑清楚,行文连贯流畅7.检査是否符合规定的词数要求8.把文章誊写到答题纸上Part 2典例示范,阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要2019年6月浙江高考)Parents everywhere praise their kids.Jenn Berman,author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids,says,“Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise,parents think theyre building their childrens confidence,when,in fact,it may be just the opposite.Too much praise can backfire and,when given in a way thats insincere,make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents praise has put them.,Still,dont go too far in the other direction.Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.Kids will feel like theyre not good enough or that you dont care and,as a result,may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise?Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome,you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward.“We should especially recognize our childrens efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,”says Donahue,author of Parenting without Fear:Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters.“One thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters.”,Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team.But if hes out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard,cook dinner,or finish a book report.But whatever it is,praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it.,【语篇解读】这是2019年6月浙江高考真题的概要写作,语篇文体为议论文,主要论述了父母过多地表扬孩子或者几乎不表扬孩子都会给孩子带来不良的影响。

是否对孩子进行表扬,关键看孩子努力的过程而非结果,父母应该视其每一次努力的情况给予恰当的表扬全文共4段,语篇结构简单清晰,主旨句明显每一段就是一个意义段,因此确定需归纳的要点应该为4个下面我们分段落剖析第一段:第一句首先揭示现状:父母随时随地表扬孩子第二句通过引用作家Jenn Berman的话来表达对父母无时无刻表扬孩子的观点加以评论,其意思是:几十年前,父母对孩子要求过于严格,而今天我们走向了另一个极端第三句说,父母认为多表扬孩子能培养他们的自信心,但事实上可能事与愿违这是一个总结性的结论,是本段的主旨句第四句作者再次强调自己的观点:过多不诚恳的表扬会让孩子害怕自己的表现不能达到父母的期望,从而不敢冒险尝试新鲜事物第二段:第一句强调不要走向另一个极端第二句是主旨句,点明另一个极端:不肯表扬孩子,这和过多的表扬同样会产生不良影响第三句说明不良影响的具体表现:孩子们会感觉自己做得不够好,或者你根本不在乎,这样,他们会感觉为了取得好的成绩去付出努力也没有什么意义第三段:第一句首先提出疑问:怎样给予表扬才是合适的呢?然后借助于专家的观点:表扬的质量比数量更重要这是本段的主旨句第三句进一步阐述该观点:假如表扬是虔诚的,关注孩子的努力而不是结果,那么,可以在孩子做了值得表扬的事情时及时口头表扬。

最后引用Donahue的话,强调父母应该看重孩子努力的过程,而非结果第四段:前两句提出:你儿子也许不是篮球队里面最好的运动员,但是假如他每天都在外面努力打球,那么,不管他的球队输了还是赢了比赛,你都应该表扬他的付出第三句指出,表扬努力的过程而不是结果也意味着当他们努力清扫庭院、做饭或完成读书报告时,你也要认可他们的努力最后一句是本段主旨句,总结作者观点:表扬应该视情况而定,你的表扬应该与孩子们付出的努力相符合写作思路】概要写作最有效的办法就是提炼主旨句,删除细节,用简明、精练的语言对主旨句进行替换加工,然后使用语句间的连接成分,使之成为一篇结构紧凑,完全使用了自己的语言的内容概要通过对语篇的分析,我们删除了短文中的细节、例证等细枝末节,确定了每段的主旨句,要点已经明确下面就要用自己的语言准确地转述各段的要点为避免和原文的句子重复,我们要使用词汇替换、词性改变、转换句式等各种形式,对原文要点进行转述表达范文欣赏1】Parents believe that praising can help create childrens confidence while too much praise may result in opposite effects.(要点1) Kids may feel discouraged when not given enough praise.(要点2) According to experts,it is the quality of praise rather than quantity that matters,and parents should focus on efforts.(要点3) Praise offers recognition,but parents are expected to praise kids on a reasonable basis in accordance with kids amount of efforts.(要点4),【范文欣赏2】Nowadays,parents tend to offer too much praise to their children,hoping to boost their confidence,but it may produce the opposite effect.(要点1) However,lacking praise also does harm to the children.(要点2) Therefore,experts claim that praise should be given for the process not the result.(要点3) Meanwhile,kids do deserve praise if they strive to do their duty but the amount of praise should depend on how hard they work.(要点4),【简要点评】这两篇概要对原文理解都很准确,完全包括原文中的四个要点,结构清晰,一目了然。

两篇文章都准确地运用了连接成分,如:according to experts,but,however,therefore,meanwhile等,使全文意思连贯,结构紧凑词汇和语法结构使用准确,运用了丰富的表达方式,如:while too much praise may result in opposite e。