代词one-it-that的用法区别.doc

代词one-it-that的用法区别代词one,it,that的用法区别代词one, it that的用法在历届高考题中出现的频率较高，是高考的热点之一1）one, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词例如：①Im looking for a flat. Id really like one with a garden.②-Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom.③The population of China is larger than that of any other country.2）one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones. One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the, this, that…修饰就变成了特指如：①One must do ones duty. ②Mary has a red pencil and Jane has a blue one.③The new designs are much better than the old ones.3）.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。

指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物如：The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆)4）one 和that 在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时， the one 和that可互换但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用the one,而不能用that例如：①I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边②I prefer the large box to the small one.(one 不可用that替换 )5）That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语如：①Todays cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past.②The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the best brains.6）the one(ones)或 that ,those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省略，而在the one、ones 之后,which可省略。

如：①Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago.7）代替不可数名词时，应该用that如：The equipment is different from that.8）it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物如：I have lost my pen. Im looking for it.9）it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能如：①-I will make bed for you. –It is very kind of you.②Jim said he had read my that was not possible.③A clock is an instrument that tells time.④The students that surf the Internet will be punished by the teacher.⑤It is nice to see you again.⑥It is no use calling her up.⑦I found it impossible for me to pass the test.⑧It was I who broke your window.1。