直接引语和间接引语 (2).ppt

Grammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct and Indirect Speech1Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1)：：statements and questions1.转述他人的陈述转述他人的陈述→陈述句陈述句→ She asked me what I was doing.1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.”→ He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”→ He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 2直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 •He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” •He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. •He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. •陈述句陈述句•用连词用连词that引导，引导，that在口语中常省略。

主句在口语中常省略主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用也可用told来代替，注意，可以说来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，，不可直接说不可直接说told that 3解题步骤解题步骤: : 1.1.陈述句陈述句: :“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I don’t likecomputers.saiddidn’tsheSarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.Sarah4一般疑问句一般疑问句 •He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” •He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. •He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?” •He asked whether I was interested in English. •间接引语用连词间接引语用连词whether或或if引导，原主句中引导，原主句中谓语动词谓语动词said要改为要改为asked(me/him/us等等)，语，语序是陈述句的语序序是陈述句的语序 52.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.6特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 •He said to me，“What's your name?” •He asked me what my name was. •He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” •He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. •原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序来表达，语序改为陈述句语序改为陈述句语序 73.特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heheharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.8选择疑问句选择疑问句 •He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” •He asked me whether I spoke English or French. •I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” •I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. •用用whether…or…表达，而不用表达，而不用if…or…，，也也不用不用either…or… 95. 注意地点的变化注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时态的变化注意时态的变化2. 注意人称变化。

注意人称变化3. 注意指示代词的变化注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化注意时间的变化6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化10•直接 间接 真讨厌，•人称 时态 都翻脸，•指示 时地 也改变11 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take 12直接引语中的情态动词直接引语中的情态动词间接引语中的情态动词间接引语中的情态动词shallshouldshouldshould（（不变）不变）willwouldwouldwould（（不变）不变）maymightmightmight（（不变）不变）cancouldcouldcould（（不变）不变）mustmust/had to13The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变时，时态不变The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”14She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变The children said, “We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。

时态不变She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”151. 1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 2. 2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 3. 3. 当直接引语中有以当直接引语中有以when, whilewhen, while引导的从句，引导的从句，表示过去的时间时表示过去的时间时 4. 4. 当引语是谚语、格言时当引语是谚语、格言时5. 5. 当直接引语中有情态动词当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时时 从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况: :16Exercises:1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.”2.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work.He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.174. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she didn’t like swimming.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.18Homework Review the knowledge of direct speech and indirect speech and summarize the rules.1920。