初中英语(人教版)语法和知识点总结以及练习题初二(下).docx

美联英语提供：初中英语（人教版）：语法和知识点总结以及练习题 初二（下）两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平词类、句子成分和构词法初二英语（下） / 文档可自由编辑打印【知识梳理】I. 重点短语 1. on time2. out of3. all by oneself4. lots of5. no longer6. get back7. sooner or later8. run away9. eat up10. take care of11. turn off 12. turn on13. after a while 14. make faces 15. teach oneself 16. fall off17. play the piano18. knock at19. to one's surprise 20. look up21. enjoy oneself 22. help yourself23. tell a story / stories24. leave....behind ……25. come along 26. hold a sports meeting 27. be neck and neck28. as ... as29. not so / as ... as30. do one's best31. take part in32. a moment late33. Bad luck!34. fall behind35. high jump36. long jump37. relay race38. well done!39. take off40. as usual41. a pair of42. at once43. hurry off44. come to oneself45. after a while46. knock on47. take care of48. at the moment49. set off50. here and there51. on watch52. look out53. take one's place II. 重要句型 1. We'd better not do sth.2. leave one. oneself3. find one's way to a place4. stand on one's head5. make sb. Happy6. catch up with sb.7. pass on sth. to somebody8. spend time doing sth.9. go on doing sth.10. get on well with sb.11. be angry with sb.12. be fed up with sth.13. not…until…14. make room for sb. III. 交际用语 1. We're all by ourselves.2. I fell a little afraid.3. Don't be afraid.4. Help!5. Can't you hear anything?6. I can't hear anything / anybody there.7. Maybe it's a tiger.8. Let's get it back before they eat the food.9. Did she learn all by herself?10. Could she swim when she was …years old?11. She didn't hurt herself.12. He couldn't buy himself many nice things.13. Did he enjoy himself?14. Help yourselves.15. Bad luck!16. Come on!17. Well done! Congratulations (to…)!18. It must be very interesting.19. I don't think you'll like it.20. It seems to be an interesting book.21. I'm sure (that)… I'm not sure if… I'm not sure what to…22. I hope so.23. What was he/she drawing when…?24. I'm sorry to trouble you.25. Would you please…?26. What were you doing at ten o'clock yesterday morning?27. You look tired today.28. You'd better go to bed early tonight, if you can.29. How kind!30. Let's move the bag, or it may cause an accident.31. It's really nice of you.32. Don't mention it.33. Don't crowd around him. IV. 重要语法 1. 不定代词/副词的运用； 2. 反身代词的用法；3. 并列句；4. 形容词和副词的比较等级；5. 冠词的用法；6. 动词的过去进行时； 【名师讲解】1. bring/takeBring表示“带来、拿来”，指从别处朝说话人所在或将在的地方“带来、拿来”。

而take则表示“拿去、带走”，它表示的方向与bring相反，指从说话人所在地“拿走、带走”如：Bring me the book, please. 把那本书给我拿来Take some food to the old man. 给那位老人带去些食物2. somebody/ anybody/nobody 一般说来，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句例如： Somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出来时有人来见你 Does anybody live on this island? 有人在这岛上住吗？ I didn't see anybody there. 我在那儿谁也没看见 Don't let anybody in. I'm too busy to see anybody. 别让任何人进来我太忙，谁也不想见 There is nobody in the room. 房间里没人 Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn't know about it .谁也没告诉我你病了所以我不知道。

3. listen, listen to, hear这三个词意思都是“听”，但是它们的用法不完全相同它们的区别在于：(1)listen 只用于不及物动词，后面接人或人物做宾语，着重于“倾听”，指的是有意识的动作，至于是否听到，并非强调的重点如：Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. 听！有人在教室唱歌2)listen to 为listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做宾语，这里的to是介词如：Do you like listening to light music?你喜欢听轻音乐吗？(3)hear 可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意思是“听到、听见”，指用耳朵听到了某个声音，表示无意识的动作，着重于听的能力和结果如：We hear with our ears.我们用耳朵听She listens but hears nothing.她听了听，但是什么也没有听见4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多例如：He has many books.他有许多书。

He drank much milk.他喝了许多牛奶2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿"，侧重于肯定，相当于"some"，但a few修饰可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词，例如：He has a few friends in London.他在伦敦有一些朋友Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗？好的，只要一点3)few和little表示"几乎没有"，侧重否定few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词例如：He is a strange man. He has few words.他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么话Hurry up, there is little time left.赶快，没什么时间了 5. either/ neither/ both either可作形容词，一般指"两者中的任何一个"有时也可表示"两个都……"的意思，后跟名词的单数形式；neither: 指两者中没有一个，全否定；both: 指两者都，肯定句中可作主语、宾语和定语，both后面应跟名词的复数形式如：Neither of the films is good.两部电影都不好。

没有一部是好的）Either of the films is good. 两部电影都不错谓语动词用单数）Both the teachers often answer the questions.这两个老师都常常解答问题6. take part in/jointake part in参加某种活动; join参加，加入某一政党或组织例如：Can you take part in my party.你能来参加我的派对吗？We often take part in many school activities.我们经常参加学校里的一些活动He joined the party in 1963. 他1963年入的党My little brother joined the army last year. 我小弟去年参的军7. quite/ rather/ very(1)quite 表示程度“很，十分，完全地”，“相当”如：She is quite right.她对极了That's not quite what I want . 那并不完全是我所要的2)rather 表示程度上的“相当”，比预想地程度要大，通常用在不喜欢的情况下。

如：It's rather cold today.今天的天气相当冷3)very 表示程度“很，甚，极其，非常”，用于修饰形容词或副词，既可用在喜欢的情况下，也可用于不喜欢的情况下应注意“a very +形容词+可数名词的单数”结构中，"a"应置于"very"之前，该结构相当“quite a/an +形容词+名词”的结构如：Two months is quite a lo。