高考英语一轮复习 专题4 形容词和副词课件 人教版 课件.ppt

专题四 形容词和副词一、形容词分类及基本用法 形容词就是用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词基本用法如下表： 分类类功能例词词定语语形容词词 作定语语、表语语和补补语语等 hot, cold, etc. 表语语形容词词作表语语，有的可作后置定语语 well, ill, glad, sorry, fond, worth, able, afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, afraid, etc. 二、复合形容词构成例词词形容词词+名词词+ed kind-hearted, white-haired 形容词词+形容词词 red-hot, dark-blue 形容词词+现现在分词词 good-looking, easy-going 副词词+现现在分词词 hard-working, fast-moving 副词词+过过去分词词 hard-won, newly-built 名词词+形容词词 life-long, world-famous 名词词+现现在分词词 peace-loving, fun-loving 名词词+过过去分词词 snow-covered, hand-made 数词词+名词词 ten-year, two-man 数词词+名词词+ed four-storied, three-legged 数词词+名词词+形容词词 three-year-old 三、副词分类及基本用法 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全句的词汇。

副词分类及用法如下表： 分类类例词词用法例句时间时间 副词词 today, yesterday, soon, recently, suddenly, still, already, just, etc. 可位于句首、句中或句尾 He went home yesterday. Yesterday he went home. He went to Paris recently. He recently went to Paris.Recently he went to Paris. 地点副词词 here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, halfway, upstairs, downstairs, etc. 常用于句末或句首，从不位于主语语和谓语谓语 之间间 Can you help to carry this table upstairs?The boy read quietly over there all afternoon. 方式副词词 carefully, happily, quietly, heavily, warmly, correctly, politely, angrily, etc. 通常位于动词动词 (及其宾语宾语 )之后；在“动词动词 +介词词+宾语宾语 ”结结构中，方式副词词既可位于“介词词+宾语宾语 ”之前，也可位于He read the letter slowly.He looked at me curiously. He looked curiously at me. He looked curiously at everyone who got off“介词词+宾语宾语 ”之后；单单个的方式副词词有时时也可位于主语语与动词动词之间间。

the plane.He quickly got dressed. 频频度副词词 always, continually, frequently, often, once,twice, repeatedly, sometimes, usually, ever,hardly ever,never, rarely, scarcely， ever, seldom, etc. 位于实义动词实义动词 之前，be动词动词 、助动词动词 、情态动词态动词 之后；如果有两个助动词动词 ，频频度副词词通常放在第一个助动词动词 后面 He often comes to see us. He is seldom late for school. We have never been invited to one of their parties.She was always late.I know I should take exercise, but I never do. 程度副词词 fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really, etc. 主要修饰饰形容词词和副词词，有的还还可修饰饰比较级较级 (如much, rather 等)和最高级级(如quite, much, almost 等)；有的可修饰动词饰动词 ，有的则则不能。

Houses are much more expensive these days.This is quite/much the most expensive radio here.I quite agree with you.He drives very carefully. 连连接副词词 therefore, besides,however,moreover,still, thus,meanwhile, etc. 用于连连接句子，性质类质类 似于并列连词连词 ，使用时时其前通常用分号或句号；若其前用逗号，则则通常带带有并列连词连词 (如and) I dont like it; besides, its too expensive. We all tried our best; however, we lost the game.We all tried our best. However, we lost the game. when, why, where, how, etc. 用于引导导从句或不定式 Tell me when we shall leave. Tell me when to leave. I donknow how I can find him.I dont know how to find him. 关系副词词 when, where, why 用于引出定语语从句。

Sunday is the day when very few people go to work.Thats the reason why he dislikes me. Do you know a shop where I can find sandals? 疑问问副词词 when, where, why, how 用于引出特殊疑问问句 Where do you come from?When will it be ready?Why was she crying? 句子副词词 actually, certainly, clearly, definitely, evidently, surely, fortunately, frankly, honestly, luckily, obviously, perhaps, possibly, unexpectedly, etc. 用于修饰饰句子(而不是修饰饰某个单词单词 )，反映说话说话 人的观观点和看法 Obviously he cant tell the difference between them. I arrived late but luckily the meeting had been delayed. 【考点一】考查多个形容词修饰一个名词的排列顺序熟记口诀就可以顺利解题：限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍和材料,作用类别往后靠。

说明：（1）“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前2）“描绘”性形容词,如beautiful, bad, cold, great, etc.（3）“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词；（4）表示“形状”的词，如round, square, etc.（5）“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词；“出”指出处材料”的词，如wooden, woolen, stone, silk, etc.（6）“作用类别”的词，如medical, college, writing (desk), police (car), etc. 【考点二】考查形容词作定语的后置规律形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：（1）形容词短语作定语时要后置Students brave enough to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. （2）表语形容词作定语要后置。

常见的表语形容词有：afraid, alike, alone, asleep, awake, alive, etc.All the people present at the party were his supporters.（3）形容词作定语修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词，如anything、something等时，通常后置I have something important to tell you. 【考点三】形容词作伴随状语和原因状语形容词充当状语多表示主语的状态He spent 7 days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.Afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself under a bed. 【考点四】考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别-ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到”；-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人”或“令人的(事物)”这样成对的形容词有：interested /interesting; excited /exciting; frightened /frightening; surprised /surprising; pleased /pleasing; moved /moving; disappointed /disappointing等。

Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents worried.It is believed that if a book is interesting, it will surely interest the reader. 注意：即使-ed形容词用以说明事物，那也是指与该事物相关的人；即使-ing形容词用以说明人，也是指此人具有该性质或特征He told me the news in an excited voice. The man is interesting. 【考点五】考查形容词或副词的比较级和最高级形容词、副词比较级和最高级的常用句型名称结结构例句相等 as+原级级+asMiss Xu speaks English as fluently as you. as+原级级+a/an+单单数名词词+as He is as honest a man as you .as many+名词词复数+as；as much+不可数名词词+a。