定义直接引语直接引用别人的原话并在原话前后加引号.ppt

定义： 直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号 例：He said:“ It is too late.“ 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成 例：He said it was too late.,人称的变化：,在间接引语当中，人称要根据句子的意思做出相应的变化如： 第一人称 I /we 第三人称her/him/themeg: “Listen to me,please!“ John says.John asks us to listen to him.She said:“ I am hungry.“ She said she was hungry.,,第二人称 you 第一/ 三人称 me/us/her/him/them,,→John ordered us to repair an old pump. →John ordered them to repair and old pump.,“I want you to repair an old pump.“ John says .,第三人称 she /he/them/ 不变 人物名称 John/Natureao,,Natureao tells me/them. to give her a letter.,“Please give her a letter” Natureao tells.,第二：时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。

报道过去某人所说的话，间接引语的时态要改变 其规律如下图: 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来进行时 将来完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,不变,过去将来进行时,过去将来完成时,注意：,1.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时 Teacher told us:“ The moon moves round the earth.“ Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.,2.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时 She said:“ I went to England in 1998.“ She said she went to England in 1998.,3. 主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。

He says:“ I bought you a book yesterday.“ He says that he bought me a book yesterday.,第三：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化,直接引语 间接引语 指示代词this that these those 时间状语now then today/tonight that day/that night yesterday the day before this week/year/term that week/year/term two years ago two years before tomorrow the next/following day next year the next year 地点状语 here there 动词 come go bring take,第四：句式变化,1.陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接。

如：She said:“ I am a girl.“ She said that she was a girl. (that可以省略),2.一般疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或whether 例如：She asked me:“ Are you Mr. Li?“ She asked me if I was Mr. Li. She asked us:“ Do you want to go on a picnic?“ She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic.,3.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导 例如：“How much have we spent on petrol this year,“ Susan asked her husband. Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.,4.祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去 一改： said (to) 改为asked或told, ordered等 二变： said to 的宾语变为asked等的宾语 三加： 即在动词原形前加to，使成为动词不定式 四去： 去掉please 例：He said to her:“ Don't take the book away.“ He asked her not take the book away.,Complete the rule,When we report people’s requests or orders we use the pattern:,infinitive (to +verb),ask /tell /order somebody +______________,When the order or request is negative, we use the pattern:ask / tell /order somebody + + infinitive (to verb),not,5.感叹句变为间接引语 “What awful weather it is!“ she said. She complained about the awful weather.,Report these orders and requests. Use the beginnings provided.,1. “Could you lend me a Pen ?”Peter asked me,2. “Don’t lose the receipt. It’s important.” The salesgirl instructed the shopper not to lose the receipt.,to lend him a pen.,,4. “Can you give me a lift home?”Mary asked John,3. “Check for errors, Please.”The teacher ordered the class,to check for errors.,to give her a lift,home/ if he could give her a lift home.,5. “Don’t drink that liquid. I don’t think it’s water.”The boy advised the girl,not to,drink that liquid.,6. “Read the text and answer the comprehension questions.” The teacher told the students to,read the text and answerthe comprehension questions.,The manager of an office is ill and, on the phone, gives her assistant instructions for the people in the office. Rewrite the instructions starting with Tell.,Mrs. Smith must cancel my tripto Paris.,2. John must move Peter’s desk to room 308.,,Tell Mrs. Smith to cancel my trip to Paris.,Tell John to move Peter’s desk to room 308.,3. He shouldn’t announce the resultsbefore the end of the month.,Tell him not to announce the results before the end of the month.,5. Mary mustn’t send the charts off before I come back.,4. He should consult Mr. Jensen about the new account on the 24th.,Tell him he has to pick up Mr. Jensen from the airport on the 24th.,Tell Mary not to send the charts off before I come back.,6. She should prepare the informationI need for my presentation.,Tell her to prepare the information I need for my presentation.,Read the notice on how to behave on the first day in a new job. Report each piece of advice.,The notice advises people to be friendly and kind, and tells them not to wear casual clothes.,The notice tells people not to share very personal information.,The notice tells people not to try to make friends with the boss.,The notice tells people to listen rather than speak and learn as much as possible about the job and the company.,The notice tells people to work hard and not to spend too much time chatting or resting.,The notice tells people to keep their desk tidy at all times.,The notice tells people not to quarrel with anyone.,。