《英语话语节奏》PPT课件.ppt

Rhythm of English Speech(英语话语节奏英语话语节奏)一、一、RhythmEvery language in the world has its own rhythmic patterns. variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weaker or reduced stress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English. o When English speakers are speaking, therefore, they usually:nmake some parts of words stronger and clearer than other partsnjoin parts of the words togethernarrange words into groups and join them togethernmake some words stronger and clearer than other words. oIn conclusion, rhythm in English speech is based on stress. A rhythm unit is formed by a stressed syllable, together with unstressed syllables which may come before that stress and/or after it.  在实际话语中，重读和不重读的词在句中形成一强一弱（或一弱一强），一重一轻（或一轻一重）的节奏。

也就是说，英语句子中，重读与非重读音节相间出现英语句子中的一个重读音节与其后面若干非重读音节组成一个节奏组，一句话中可以有多个节奏组 根据英语的节奏规律，话语说起来所需的时间不取决于它有多少个词，多少个音节，而是取决于它有多少个句子重音假如句子重音之间的非重读音节数多，结果必然是说起来要快一些，含糊一些英语句子的节奏是按重音来定时的，重音之间的间隔时间大致相等 o例如：例如：（1）Do you think you would be able to finish it in a month? 这个句子中共有四个重读音节，这些重读音节之间所含的非重读音节数分别为：三个，一个，三个；但在话语中，人们的感觉是：重读音节出现的间隔是大致相等的（2） John is here now. （3） John will be home tonight. （4） The professor is in London this evening. 以上三个句子的音节数不同，但所含重读音节数相同，因此，在说话速度相同的情况下，完成句子所需的时间也在大致相等 o再如：再如：（5） Jack/Mark/Joan （6） Jack and Mark and Joan （7） Jack and then Mark and then Joan 三个短语的重读音节都是3个，所用时间也大致相等，而听起来一句比一句快，因为非重读音节越多读的越快。

重读音节的元音也会相对加快 （8）I went into the room and saw Joan. 句首非重读词 “I” 读的比较快，相当于空拍saw” 和“Joan”分别为两个不包含非重读音节的节奏组，读得相对比较慢，“went into the”与“room and”为两个包含非重读音节的节奏组，读得较快，并有连读和弱读为了保持节奏，当有三个重读音节连在一起时，中间一个重读音节可以减弱 由此，我们可以得出以下结论：由此，我们可以得出以下结论：o1 句中重读音节相继出现的地方，通常语速句中重读音节相继出现的地方，通常语速会慢一些，音节听起来自然也清楚一些会慢一些，音节听起来自然也清楚一些o2 重读音节之间拥挤着出现的非重读音节听重读音节之间拥挤着出现的非重读音节听起来轻快而且含糊起来轻快而且含糊o3 一句话说起来所需时间长短不取决于句中一句话说起来所需时间长短不取决于句中的单词数或音节数，而取决于句中有多少个的单词数或音节数，而取决于句中有多少个重读音节重读音节o总而言之，英语的话语节奏是一种有规则的节拍练习英语话语节奏的重点是：学会顺利地、匀称地从一个重读音节移动到下一个重读音节，特别要学会把重读音节中间夹带的非重读音节读好。

在读重读词汇时，其中包含的元音要发得饱满、高亢，语速会因此而显得稍慢一些掌握英语节奏规律可以提高话语的流利和自然程度以及听力理解的水平节奏群（节奏群（rhythmic group）：）：是英语节奏的基本单位，或称音步（foot）每一个节奏群由一个重读音节或一个重读音节加若干非重读音节构成重读音节是节奏群的核心，一个句子中有多少个重读音节就有多少个节奏群，也就有多少个节拍（beat）第一个重读音节之前有非重读音节，则作空拍（silent beat）处理两个重读音节之前的非重读音节划归前面一个节奏群 I / ‘love / ‘those who / ‘long for the im‘possible. ‘Come and / ‘see what I’ve / ‘brought to’day.一般来说，一个句子所包含的实义词越多，重读音节就越多；虚词越多，则重读音节越少 I ‘tried ‘both ‘methods but ‘found ‘neither o O O O o o O O o ef’fective. o O o 8个词，6个重音There are a ‘lot of them on the ‘table.o o o O o o o o O o 9个词，两个重音以重读音节为中心，带上后面的非重读音节，就构成一个节奏群（Rhythmic group） 第一个重音前面如果有非重音，这个非重读音节属于前一个节奏群，中间的非重读音节如果在意义上与后面的重度音节联系更为紧密，则属于后面的节奏群。

一般说来，重度音节前面的非重读音节，比它后面的非重读音节念得还要快一些节奏群用竖直线隔开Come to’day. a ‘later ‘dayO o O o O o O‘Walk ‘down the ‘path to the ‘end of the ca’nal. O O o O o o O o o o O越往后，节奏群内非重读音节越多，语速越往后越快I ‘tried ‘both ‘methods but ‘found ‘neither ef’fective.o O O O o o O O o o O o重读音节多，其间的非重读音节少甚至没有，语速较慢There are a lot of them on the table.二、节奏模式（二、节奏模式（’Rhythmic Patterns））1. O O 式 ‘come ‘here / ‘speak ‘up / ‘Look ‘out ‘no ‘more / ‘try ‘hard / ‘not ‘now ‘hold ‘tight / ‘quite ‘right / ‘just ‘then2. O o O 式 ‘Do it ‘now / ‘Look in’side / ‘Go to ‘sleep ‘run a’way / ‘Write it ‘down / ‘Try a’gain ‘Have a ‘drink / ‘Hurry ‘up / ‘long a’go ‘time for ‘bed / ‘What is ‘that?3. o O o 式 I ‘think so / I’d ‘like to / to ‘try it / of ‘course not I’ve ‘read it / it’s ‘early / with’out me4. O o O o 式 ‘Go and ‘get it / ‘Wait a ‘minute ‘Keep on ‘reading / ‘Near the station 5. o O o o 式 I ‘think it is / a ‘lot of it / a ‘friend of mine she ‘came with us / we ‘spoke to them he ‘wanted it / I’d like you to6. o O o O 式 I ‘want to ‘know. / It’s ‘quite all ‘right it’s ‘hard to ‘say. / she ‘took it ‘off. they ‘put them ‘on / a ‘pair of ‘shoes7. O o o O式 ’what is the ‘time? / ‘Where have you ‘been? ‘what is ‘for? / ‘give him some ‘food ‘time and a’gain / ‘send him a’way ‘give me a ‘ring / ‘throw it a’way 8. O o O O 式 ‘Yours is ‘no ‘good. / ‘She is ‘quite right. ‘He has ‘just ‘come. / ‘Bring the ‘book ‘here.9. O o O o O 式 ‘Come and ‘see them ‘off. ‘When will ‘Tom ar’rive? ‘Only ‘twice a ‘week.10. o O o o o 式 a ‘long time ago / we ‘had to do it I ‘think it will be / the ‘railway station I ‘gave it to her / it’s necessary11. o O o o O 式 I’m ‘sorry I ‘can’t / in ‘spite of the ‘rain the ‘best in the ‘class / I’m ‘glad you’ve ‘come he’s ‘on his way ‘back / I’ll ‘finish it ‘now12. o O o o o 式 He’s ‘written to them. I ‘know what it is. We ‘had to do it.13. O o o o O 式 ’tell me all you ‘know / ‘follow my ad’vice ‘carry it a’way / ‘try to do it ‘now ‘ask him what he ‘wants / ‘waiting for the ‘train14. o O o O o 式 it’s ‘time for ‘supper / I ‘want to ‘meet him it ‘doesn’t ‘matter / I ‘couldn’t ‘help it15. o O o o o O 式 I ‘wanted you to ‘know / I ‘never have a ‘cold I’ve heard it be’fore / it’s ‘absolutely ‘true16. o O o O o O 式 It ‘isn’t ‘quite the ‘same I’m ‘sure you ‘understand It’s ‘all the ‘same to ‘me17. o O o o O o o 式 I ‘think that he ‘wants us to. It’s ‘not what I ‘asked you for. Re’peat it a’gain for me. It’s ‘not the right ‘attitude.18. O o o o o O 式 ’Why did you run a’way? ‘Throw it into the ‘fire. ‘Finish it if you ‘can. ‘Polish it with a ‘cloth.19. o O o o O o o O 式 I ‘wanted to ‘meet him a’gain. The ‘office is ‘open at ‘nine. You’d ‘best be as ‘quick as you ‘can. She’s ‘sure to for’get what to ‘do.20. O o o o o o O 式 ‘When are going a’way? ‘probably will in the ‘end. ‘Why have they left you a’lone? ‘giving him a ciga’rette.21. o O o O o O o 式 I’d ‘like to ‘have a’nother. It’s ‘time we ‘went to ‘dinner. He’ll ‘show you ‘where to ‘put it.。