
中考英语总复习 第二轮 语法考点聚焦 第30讲 形容词和副词课件 外研版_1.ppt
20页第30讲 形容词和副词,浙江专用,外研版,形容词和副词在英语语法中属于实词类,所占比重较大中考关于形容词和副词的考点有: 1.形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的构成规则,基本句型及其用法; 2.形容词作表语和定语的用法; 3.副词作状语的用法高频考向一 形容词 形容词是用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词形容词在句中可用作表语,定语和宾语补足语等 1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面但形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后;形容词修饰疑问代词时,也须放在其后如: It's a cold and windy day.这是既寒冷又刮风的一天 Would you like something hot to drink?你想要喝些热的东西吗? What else can you see?你还能看见其他什么东西?,2.作表语,放在系动词的后面常见的系动词有be,become,get(变),make(使),turn(变),keep(保持),feel,look(看起来),seem,smell,sound,taste。
如: He looks happy today.他今天看起来很高兴 Silk feels soft.丝绸摸起来很软 Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.夏天,牛奶容易变质 3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,表示宾语的性质、状态等如: He always makes us happy.他总是使我们高兴注意】①表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后如: —How long is the river?这条河有多长? —It's about two thousand meters long.大约2000米长 ②只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕的;alone独自的;asleep 睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的 ③貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的 It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我,真好 It's not easy to learn a foreign language.学好一门外语不容易。
高频考向二 副词 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构 1.副词按性质和用途可分为时间副词、频度副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词等 ①时间副词 通常用来表示动作发生的时间常见的时间副词有now,today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early等 ②频度副词 通常用来表示动作发生的频率常见的频度副词有often,always,never,sometimes,usually,seldom,now and then等③地点副词 通常用来表示动作发生的地点常见的地点副词有here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,in,out等 ④方式副词 一般用来回答“怎样的”这类问题,绝大部分由形容词词尾加ly构成,少数与形容词同形常见的方式副词有badly,carefully,proudly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,wildly,well,fast,hard,alone,high,straight等。
⑤程度副词 多数用来修饰形容词和副词,少数用来修饰动词和介词短语常见的程度副词有much,(a) little,a bit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly等⑥疑问副词 一般引导特殊疑问句常见的疑问副词有how,when,where,why等 2.几组常见副词的用法辨析: ①also,too,either 三者都表示“也”also通常放在句中,位于系动词、情态动词或助动词后面,实义动词前面;too通常用在肯定句中,放在句末;either用在否定句中,放在句末 ②very与much 二者都可以表示“很”,但用法不同:very修饰形容词和副词的原级,而much修饰形容词和副词的比较级③ago与before ago表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前,不能单独使用,必须和一些表示时间概念的短语搭配,常和过去时连用before表示在过去或将来某个时间以前,也可以指“以前”,可单独使用,常与过去完成时、过去时、现在完成时连用 ④so与such so修饰形容词或副词,表示“如此地”;such修饰名词,表示“如此的”。
many,much,little,few+名词的前面只能用so而不能用such修饰;such可以修饰a lot of+名词 ⑤sometime,sometimes,some time与some times sometime某一时间,某一时刻(可指将来,也可指过去) sometimes有时,不时的 some time一段时间 some times几次,几倍,高频考向三 形容词、副词等级的用法 1.形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成 ①规则变化,②不规则变化,③下列单、双音节词只能加more和most,2.形容词、副词等级的用法 (1)原级的用法 ①只能修饰原级的词:very,quite,so,too,rather如: He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了 ②as.as.和……一样(中间用原级) not as (so).as和……不一样(中间用原级) 如: Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大 Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的两倍 This room is not so/as big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。
2)比较级的用法 ①可以修饰比较级的词:much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still ②.than.……比…… 如: Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高 ③选择疑问句中,二选一时 如: Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一个更大,地球还是月球? ④用比较级表示最高级的意思 如: The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中国,长江比其他任何一条河都长 ⑤“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……” 如: He is getting taller and taller.他长得越来越高了 The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮了⑥“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……” 如: The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越认真,犯的错误就越少 ⑦表示倍数的比较句 如: This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。
(3)最高级的用法 ①形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略the ②有范围限制的(in,of,among或从句等中)用最高级如: Winter is the coldest season of the year.冬季是一年里最冷的季节 This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的电影③“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”如: Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一 ④选择疑问句中用于三者或三者以上的比较如: Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大? Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天? ⑤表示“第几个最……”时,用“the+序数词+最高级+名词单数”的结构。
如: The Amazon River is the second longest river in the world.亚马逊河是世界第二长河1.A person who is __________does not tell lies or cheat people. 2.—Don't you think it ______of some teenagers to be crazy about pop stars? —Well, I don't think so. We were once young and had the similar experiences. 3.The old man often feels _______because his children live far away. 4.I can't hear you________. Something may be wrong with my telephone. 5.We will have to set off ______to avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning.,honest,silly,lonely,clearly,early,二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
原创题) 6.—The stuntman(替身) is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. —What? I've never heard of a _________(crazy) idea before. 7.The monkey's tail is _________(long) than the rabbit's tail. 8.In North America, ____________(large) meat eaters are bears and mountain lions. They eat smaller animals such as rabbits and mice. 9.I fell off the bike on my way to school._________ (lucky), I wasn't hurt. 10.Earthquakes always happen ______________(sudden), so it is difficult to know when they come.,crazier,longer,the largest,Luckily,suddenly,三、语法填空。
11. I jumped _________(high) than Bill in the sports meet last year. 12.—How do you like the piece of music by Tan Dun? —Wonderful! It's the _______(good。
