2013届高考英语一轮复习课件：必修1 Unit 2《English around the world》（新人教版福建专用）.ppt
168页
2013届高考英语一轮复习课件届高考英语一轮复习课件新人教版福建专用 Unit2 English around the world ①① voyage n. 航行，航海 The voyage from England to India used to take six months. 过去从英国航行到印度要用6个月短语短语make a voyage/make voyages to 远航去…… 辨析辨析 voyage/journey/trip/tour/travel voyage 主要指“乘船做海上旅行”，也可指“空中旅行” journey 旅行、旅程、路程，一般来说着重指长距离的陆上旅行 trip 往往着重指“短途旅行”或“有特别目的的旅行”，在口语中可与journey互换①① voyage n. 航行，航海 辨析辨析 voyage/journey/trip/tour/travel tour 指以旅游、视察、购物等为目的的旅行，常含有“最后要回到出发地”的意思。
travel 主要指“国内旅行或长途旅行”，泛指“旅行”时，是不可数名词，若要表示某人在某一时间内，从一地到另一地作长途旅行，也可用复数通常有物主代词修饰)①① voyage n. 航行，航海 用voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour填空(1)We went on a ______ to the mountains. (2)The novel is based on his ______ in India. (3)The ship sank on his first _______,which was quite disappointing. (4)The Prince will visit France on the last leg of his European ______. (5)Did you have a good ________？(6)The book describes a spiritual _______ from despair to happiness. triptravelsvoyage①① voyage n. 航行，航海tourjourneyjourney 单项填空(7)It was reported that their ship broke down on the way and only a few men survived the ________. A. travel B. voyage C. tour D. tripB解析解析 由ship推断出是海上旅行，因此用voyage。
①① voyage n. 航行，航海 ②② because of 因为，由于辨析辨析 because of/because/thanks to/due to/ owing to/as a result of/on account of because of 后接名词或动名词 She left the classroom angrily because of what the teacher had said. because后是一个完整的句子 She left the classroom angrily because the teacher had said that. ②② because of 因为，由于注注意意：：表示“那就是……的原因”，就用that's why…；表示“那是因为……”，我们就用that's because…； 当主语是the reason…那么引导表语从句的引导词就用that thanks to “多亏，由于”，只能作状语，含有情感意义 Thanks to your advice , much trouble was saved. ②② because of 因为，由于 due to可以作表语、状语，不可位于句首。
The accident was due to the storm. owing to可以作状语或表语，作状语时常用逗号与主句隔开，作表语相当于due to Tom’s failing in the exam was owing to his carelessness. as a result of “由于”，作状语 on account of “因为”，作状语 ②② because of 因为，由于 单项填空______ the new policy, we are now having a happy life. A. Thanks to B. Because C. For D. Thanks for解解析析 考查近义词的辨析此处，thanks to应为“多亏了”， because后应加句子； for 表示补充说明的原因，后接分句，一般不在句首。
A ②② because of 因为，由于 试填下空：(1)______ your help. We all passed the exam. (2)______ your help, we all passed the exam. A. Thanks for B. Thanks to解解析析 (1)由于有句号，说明它们彼此独立，互不为因果关系，所以答案是A，表示“因……而感谢” (2)因为/由于你的帮助，我们才通过考试里面有因果关系thanks to your help为原因状语短语，所以后面用逗号AB ③③ native 根据语境猜词义(1) I arrived that evening at my native town. (2) If necessary, translate a representative sentence into the student's native language. (3) One of the animals native to India is the tiger. (4) His native musical ability impressed his teachers. (5) He is a native of New York. (6) The natives were friendly to the explorers. 根据语义找匹配A. (某地)出生的人或物 n． B. 出生的(国家、地方等)adj. C. 土生土长的，当地产的 adj. D. 土著居民 n． E. 天然的，天生的，应有的 adj. F. 本族的(语言)，生来就能说的 adj.答案答案 (1)B (2)F (3)C (4)E (5)A (6)D③③ native (1)B (2)F (3)C (4)E (5)A (6)D短语短语be native to (动植物等)原产于某地的 native speakers 生来就说某种语言的人 ③③ native 翻译句子(1) 这种奇异的植物原产于意大利。
____________________________________(2)她的英语口语很纯正，你会认为她生来就说英语 ________________________________________________________________This kind of strange plant is native to Italy.Her English accent is so good that you wouldthink she was a native speaker.③③ native ④④ even if / though 根据语境感悟用法(1) Even if we can go out for a play, we won't do. (2) Even if it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will still not be able to go. 即便明天不下雨，我们还是不能去即使我们能出去玩，我们也不想去 根据例题你体会出even if / though的语义了吗？你发现主从复合句中的时态问题了吗？ 答答案案 根据例题，even if / though是“即使；即便”的意思，引导让步状语从句。
当从句的动作发生在将来时，从句应该使用一般现在时代替一般将来时④④ even if / though ④④ even if / though链接链接(1)even if 与even though二者可以互换，但even if 更强调假定性 Even if/ though we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation. ④④ even if / though链接链接 (2)even if 与as if /though Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss your flight. 即使你搭出租车你还是赶不上你的航班的 He talks as if he had known everything in the world. 他说起话来好像他已知世界的一切 通过对比我们不难发现他们的语义是不同的， even if是“即使；即便”的意思，而as if/though是“好像”的意思 ④④ even if / though链接链接(3)even if 与 even as He realized, even as he spoke, that no one would ever believe him. 就在他讲话时，他意识到根本没有人会相信他。
even as中的even是用来加强as的语气的，表示“正当……的时候；恰好在……的时候”even now 尽管这样；即使现在even then尽管那样；即使那时even so 尽管如此 单项填空(1) I'm determined to get a seat for the concert _____ it means standing in a queue all night. A. as though B. even if C. in case D. so that解解析析 考查连词辨析句意“我决心得到一张音乐会的座位票，即使意味着整夜排队B④④ even if / though (2) Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _____ they knew it to be valuable. C A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that ④④ even if / though 单项填空解解析析 连接词引导状语从句的用法。
本题的语义是：即使他们知道他的建议十分有价值，他们中的许多人仍对它置若罔闻as if 好像；now that 既然；so that 为了，以便； 以至于；even though ＝ even if表示让步，所以答案是C ⑤⑤ come up 根据语境猜词义(1)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. (2)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up. (3)Your question came up at the meeting. 根据语义找匹配 A.走近，走向前去 B. 升起 C. 提出ABC ⑤⑤ come up短语短语come along 到达，一起来，过来；进步come about 发生come across 邂逅；偶遇come at 攻击，向……扑来come from 出生于come out 出版；开花come over 过来，克服 ⑤⑤ come up短语短语come to 总共，达到；苏醒；谈到come after 跟在……后面 come down 下来，败落，降价 come on 加油，跟我来，进行，进展 come off 脱落come in 进来come true 实现 ⑤⑤ come up短语短语come up with (针对问题等)提出，想出，提供come around/round 再度出现、改变(观点、心态)；拜访come into being 出现，产生，形成come for 来取，为……而来come and go 来去自由；断断续续 The other day when I was walking in the street, I (1)___________Wang Lei, an old friend of mine. She told me a story of her brother's. He once saw a dog (2)_______ a boy, which made the boy die of a disease related to a dog disease. At that time, he (3)____________the idea to learn medicine and find a cure for the disease. ⑤⑤ come up 用come相关的短语填空came acrosscome atcame up with ⑤⑤ come up 用come相关的短语填空 In the next 10 years, he (4) __________ a lot of difficulties and his dream finally (5)_________. Last month, his experiment for the drug (6)_________very successful and it was predicted that the number of people who can benefit from his research will (7)________1,000,000 a year.came overcame truecame outcome to ⑥⑥ more than 根据语境猜词义(1) There are more than 100 students in our class. (2) I'm more than pleased with you. (3) He is more than our teacher. He is our closed friend. (4) The book is more than you can read. 根据语义找匹配A.不只是；不单单是B. 超过；多于 C. 十分地D. 超出……的范围答案答案 (1) B (2) C (3) A (4) D⑥⑥ more than 链接链接⑥⑥ more than＋数词 (=over)超过＋名词 不只是；不单是＋形容词 十分地＋句子 超出……的范围(1)more than(2)less than no more than not more than 少于仅仅不超过，不多于＋ 数词 不只是只不过是；就是(3) more than no more than ＋ 名词 ⑥⑥ more than链接链接(4)more A than B 与其说是B，倒不如说是A; 是A，不是B He is so easy－going and warm－hearted. He is more our brother than a teacher. 他是那样的随和和热心。
与其说他是我们的老师，倒不如说是我们的兄弟 单项填空(1)In that case, there is nothing you can do _____ wait. A. more that B. other than C. better than D. rather than(2)“Life begins at forty” is more often an expression of hope ______ a state of fact. A. instead of B. than C. rather than D. other than⑥⑥ more than 单项填空(3)The Nato's bombing the Chinese Embassy in Yugoslavia is ______ a mistake, it's a big crime. A. more than B. no more than C. not more than D. less than⑥⑥ more than (4)We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style ______ in a personal one. A. rather than B. better than C. more than D. less than(5)The population of many Alaskan cities has ______ doubled in the past five years. A. larger than B. more than C. as great as D. as many as⑥⑥ more than 单项填空 ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time 根据语境猜词义(1)There were 200 people present at the meeting. (2)Levels of pollution present in the atmosphere are increasing. (3)What can get him for a birthday present? (4)You've got to forget the past and start living in the present.(5)He has presented all he has to the students who are too poor to go to college. ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time 根据语境猜词义(6)Are you presenting your paper at the conference? (7)It is essential that we present a more modern image. (8)She used to present a gardening program on TV. (9)She is busy at present, can she ring you later? ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time 根据语义找匹配A．主持 B．提交 C．目前，现在 D．展现，呈现 E．礼物 F．到场，出席 G．捐赠 H. 存在答案答案 (1)F (2)H (3)E (4)C (5)G (6)B (7)D (8)A (9)C ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time链接链接presence n. 在场；出席 presentation n. 展示会；发布会；颁奖仪式presenter n. (节目)主持人presently adv. 目前；眼下 ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time短语短语for the present 暂时make a present of sth. to sb. ＝ make sb. a present of sth. 向某人赠送某物be present at 出席；参加present sb. with sth. ＝ present sth. to sb.向某人捐赠某物 ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time辨析辨析 gift / present gift 一般指贵重礼物或捐赠之物，也可指“天赋”，可以是具体的也可指抽象的。
构成短语：have a gift for sth. 表示“有哪方面的天赋” The foundation made a gift of a million dollars to the university. present 往往指具体的，亲戚朋友间所送之物 Each child brought a present to the teacher on Teachers' Day. ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time 根据语境猜语义I'll (1)present all the students (2)present with my works as (3)presents for the graduating ceremony.根据语境用gift/present填空Having a (4)______for music, he received a piano as his birthday (5)______. ⑦⑦ at present＝＝at the present time 根据语境猜语义答案答案(1)赠予 (2)出席 (3)礼物 (4)gift(5)gift/present 根据语境感悟用法(1)As a student, you must make full use of your spare time. 作为学生，你应该充分利用你的业余时间。
2)Very little use was made of them in the past. 它们过去很少得到利用3)They began to think what use could be made of the used water.他们开始思考怎么利用废水⑧⑧ make use of 利用 短语短语 make full/good/poor/little use of 充分/好好/没有充分/几乎没有利用 make the most of 最好地利用 take full advantage of 充分利用 对于make use of 这个短语，除了熟练掌握它的含义外，还应注意两点：①① 把use 提前使用被动语态②②把use提前用做先行词，其后可接定语从句⑧⑧ make use of 利用 解解析析 将句子改为主动语态：(We)should make good use of the money collected to help the people…，可以判断出答案 单项填空(1)The money collected should be made good use _______ the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake. A. of helping B. to help C. to helping D. of to helpD⑧⑧ make use of 利用 (2) The manager of the company told us that very little ______ was made of the waste material in the past. A. cost B. value C. use D. matterC解析解析 公司的经理告诉我们过去废物很少能得到利用。
⑧⑧ make use of 利用 单项填空 根据语境猜词义(1)Of the two choices, I prefer the latter. (2)This book is to be published later this week. (3)She wanted the latest news about Tina. (4)He arrived late for his appointment. (5)What have you been doing lately?⑨⑨latter (注意latter与later, latest, late, lately的辨析) 根据语义找匹配A．后者 B．最近 C．迟到 D．最新的 E．晚些时候答案答案 (1)A (2)E (3)D (4)C (5)B⑨⑨latter (注意latter与later, latest, late, lately的辨析) 温温馨馨提提示示：：latter 作形容词用时表示“后者”，通常只用于指两者或两批人或物，不能用于三个或三批以上的人或物。
与之对应的是formerlater 是late的比较级，表示“较迟的，较晚的，后来，以后”latest 意为“最新的”lately “最近”，是个副词⑨⑨latter (注意latter与later, latest, late, lately的辨析) ⑨⑨latter (注意latter与later, latest, late, lately的辨析) 单项填空There are three young men in the room, and two young women, the ________ were Mary's roommates. A. later B. late C. latter D. lately解析解析 后者是和玛丽同住的室友C ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的辨析辨析 such as/for example/that is such as 意为“例如，诸如……之类的”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个。
放在被列举的事物前面或名词之间，as之后切不可有逗号 for example 举例说明，列举同类人或事物中的“一个” 在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾， 也可以使用for instance或eg.替代 ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的辨析辨析 such as/for example/that is In general, boys like football very much. Tom, for example, is a football fan. that is如果要把同类人或事物全部列举出来，用that is，namely或i.e.A lot of things can be recycled, such as waste paper, waste plastic bags, and old batteries. ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的温馨提示：温馨提示：区别上述三个短语的关键是：1)判断是列举部分还是列举全部事例；2)在句中的位置；3) 举例说明还是列举 ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的链接链接(1)such的位置 There is no such thing as a free lunch. 世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。
There are three such mistakes in your composition. 你的作文中有三个这样的错误 such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时，应位于它们的后面 ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的温馨提示：温馨提示：①在“no such ＋ 单数可数名词”这一结构中，千万别受汉语的影响而多加不定冠词或one，例如：我们班没有这样的一个学生There is no such a student in our class. (×)There is no such one student in our class. (×)There is no such student in our class. (√) ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的②注意many 与such的问题：英语中不存在“such many＋可数名词复数”或“such much＋不可数名词”结构，但存在“so many ＋可数名词复数”或“so much＋不可数名词” 以及“many such＋ 可数名词复数”，例如：so many students 这么多的学生so much water 这么多的水many such students 许多这样的学生 ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的(2)“such ＋ 名词 ＋ that”与“such ＋ 名词＋as或其他”。
试填下空：①It was such an attractive school______ we visited years ago. ②It was such an attractive school______ we visited it years ago. ③It is such an attractive school______ we worked years ago.A. that B. as C. which D. whereBAD ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的解解析析 这类的考题，实际上考查的是定语从句与结果状语从句的区别问题我们不妨使用“代入法”，看看能否把空格前的名词代入到从句中，能代入作从句的主语或宾语的，就是定语从句，再根据定语从句先行词受such修饰用关系代词as原则，选as；当空格前的名词不能直接代入，但把它放在从句中加恰当的介词后，语句成立，表时间就用when；不表时间，就用where当空格前的名词不能代入到从句中时，就是结果状语从句，选that 解析解析⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的 句①我们可以把such an attractive school代入到从句作visited的宾语，所以答案是B; 句②我们不能把such an attractive school代入到从句中，所以是结果状语从句，因此答案是A; 句③我们可以在such an attractive school前加介词in代入到从句中作地点状语，是定语从句，所以答案是D。
⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的(3)倒装问题①Such is… Such is Shen Hao, a diligent, warmhearted and selfless man. 这就是沈浩，一个勤奋，热心而又大公无私的人温温馨馨提提示示：：这一句式主要用于描述人的文章的句尾处，使文章简洁明了，不拖泥带水而又对文章起到画龙点睛之效 ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的②“such ＋ 名词 ＋ 助动词＋谓语 ＋that”的结果状语从句 Such loud noises did they make that they were heard out in the street. ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的用such as/for example/that is/namely填空(1)Some students, ______________ John, lives in the neighborhood.(2)Many great men ________ Lincoln and Edison have risen from poverty.(3)I visited several cities _______ New York, Chicago and Boston.for examplesuch assuch as ⑩⑩ such as 例如……；像这种的用such as/for example/that is/namely填空(4)He knows three foreign languages, _____________ English, French and Japanese.(5)___________， the same number of steel workers produced 53 percent more steel in 1925 than they did in 1914.that is/namelyFor example 根据语境猜词义 (1) The fire officer took command, ordering everyone to leave the fire. (2) He has studied in the USA and has a good command of spoken English. (3) Kathleen walked in, tall, slim, confident and in total command of herself. (4) The commander commanded that everyone die rather than give in. ⑪⑪ command n. & vt. 根据语义找匹配A.命令 B. 控制C. 精通 D. 指挥答案答案 (1) D (2) C (3) B (4) A⑪⑪ command n. & vt. 链接链接command n. 控制；指挥；掌握；精通 v. 赢得，博得；眺望commandant n. 司令官；指挥官commander n. 长官⑪⑪ command n. & vt. 短语短语under sb's command 在……的指挥下be in command of sth. 控制take command of 指挥have a good command of 掌握；精通at one's command 娴熟地；运用自如be in command of oneself 神态自若的command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事⑪⑪ command n. & vt.句型句型command that ＋ sb. ＋(should)＋ do sth. (1)In my opinion, I can be fit for the position as an English secretary because I have an excellent ______ of English. A. command B. order C. master D. directionA⑪⑪ command n. & vt.解析解析 考查名词短语。
能形成名词短语的只有have a good command of 表示“精通”，其他名词都不能构成短语，所以答案是A 单项填空 (2) The teacher commanded that all the students ____the classroom before he returned. A. mustn't leave B. didn't left C. not leave D. wouldn't leave解解析析 考查虚拟语气动词command后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其形式为should do sth. 其中的should可以省去但动词原形不得改变，所以答案为C C⑪⑪ command n. & vt.单项填空 根据语境感悟用法(1)He fulfilled his task at the request of the leader. (2)We will make a request for help if necessary. (3) His request is that the work (should) be finished as soon as possible. (4) You are requested not to smoke in public. (5) The guide requested that the visitors not park the car at the gate. ⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求 at sb. 's request＝at the request of sb. 按某人的要求make (a) request for… 请求……；要求……request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求……request sth. from/of sb. ＝ask sb. for sth.＝ask sth. of sb. 向某人请求某物by request (of) 按照需要；依照请求；应邀on request 一经要求⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求 ⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求辨析辨析 request/ask/beg/demand/require/claim/appeal request 正式用词，指比较委婉，有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
ask 最普通用词，指向对方提出要求或请求，长、晚辈，上下级之间都可使用 beg 指恳切地或再三地请求或要求，常含低三下四意味，也多用于应酬场合 ⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求辨析辨析 request/ask/beg/demand/require/claim/appeal demand 一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求 require 客观需要的要求，强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求 claim 索要，索求指有权或宣称有权得到而公开提出的要求 appeal 恳请 完成句子(1) He was there ______(按经理的要求).(2) She requested that no one ______(被告知她的决定). (3) You are _____(被要求不要吸烟) in the restaurant. 答案答案 (1)at the request of his manager (2) (should) be told of her decision (3) requested not to smoke ⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求 ⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求用request/ask/beg/demand/require/claim填空 My 3yearold daughter is curious about everything around and likes to (4)________ why and how. When she (5)________ me to help her, she will use “please” and always wears a smile. She is crazy about doll. When we go shopping, she always (6)________ for one. 答案答案(1)at the request of his manager(2)(should) be told of her decision (3)requested not to smoke (4)ask (5)Requests(6)begs用request/ask/beg/demand/require/claim填空⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求 ⑫⑫ request n. & vt. 要求，请求用request/ask/beg/demand/require/claim填空 If I don't meet her (7)________， she will cry and (8) ________ that it belongs to her. Although I often tell her “You are (9) ________ to be elegant like a princess”， it doesn't work when she sees the dolls.答案答案 (7)demand (8)claim (9)required ⑬⑬ recognize vt. 根据语境猜词义(1) I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. (2) Can you recognize this tune? (3) They recognized they need to take the problem seriously. (4) He is recognized as the best teacher because of his broad knowledge. 根据语义找匹配 A. 公认为 B. 认出 C. 听出 D. 承认BCDA 链接链接recognizable adj. 可辨认出的 recognition n. 认出；辨认；认可短语短语recognize sb./sth. by/ from… 根据……认出某人/某物recognize sb. as / to be 认为某人是……beyond one's recognition 完全认不出；面目全非⑬⑬ recognize vt. ⑬⑬ recognize vt.句型句型It's recognized that… 人们公认为……辨析辨析 recognize/know recognize 强调通过对记忆的搜索而认出；辨认出(某人的声音、字迹、方位等)；承认。
是一时的动作，因此是非延续动词 know 强调持续的状态，是延续性动词，表示“认识；知道；了解” ⑬⑬ recognize vt.句型句型It's recognized that… 人们公认为……辨析辨析 recognize/know I had known her well, but I couldn't recognize her at once because she had changed that much. 完成句子(1) The moment I picked up the phone, I _______ (听出来他是谁)．(2) He has changed so much that I ________ (几乎认不出来他了)．(3) __________(人们一直认为) that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. ⑬⑬ recognize vt. 答案答案 (1)recognized him(2) can hardly recognize him (3) It is recognized⑬⑬ recognize vt. 完成句子 — Hello, can you recognize me?— Sorry, I can't see you at all. How can I know who you are?在这个对话中，他们之间为什么会产生这一误会呢？⑬⑬ recognize vt.答答案案 他们误会的根源在于：对方误解了recognize是“认出”，而实际上，这是打的一个情景，对方的recognize 的意思是“听出我是谁”的意思。
原来英语中还有小品啊！ ⑭⑭ However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.(P13) 这是the way作为先行词后接定语从句的特殊句式当我们不能把the way直接代入到定语从句时，我们就用that, in which或省略(此时一定当心别受汉语的影响而误用how，因为定语从句连接词中没有how)；当the way代入从句中作主语或宾语，我们就要用that或which，作宾语时，也可省略 单项填空(1)Can you tell me the way ______ I can improve my English? A. that B. which C. what D. how (2)Can you tell me the way ______ helps me improve my English? A. what B. that C. in which D. howB 由一个主语和一个谓语动词所组成的句子是简单句。
谓语动词有及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词之分正是谓语动词的特点决定着句子的不同结构学习这些基本句型要从动词入手，因为不同类型的动词要求不同的句型根据各类动词的不同结构，简单句分为以下五种基本类型： 1．主语＋谓语(S ＋Vi.) 这种句型简称为主谓结构，其谓语一般都是不及物动词 Things change. 事物是变化的 2．主语＋连系动词＋表语(S＋V.＋ P) 这种句型称为主系表结构，其实连系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词 She became a lawyer. 她当了律师 3．主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋Vt.＋ O) 这种句型可称为主谓宾结构，它的谓语一般多是及物动词 We never beat children. 我们从来不打孩子 4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋Vt.＋ IO＋DO) 这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构，其谓语应是可带双宾语的及物动词，两个宾语一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语 He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。
5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补(S ＋Vt.＋O＋OC) 这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构，其补语是宾语补足语，与宾语一起即构成复合宾语 I found the book easy. 我发现这本书不难 1.happened, an, on the road, accident, just now ______________________________________ 2.nor, he, speak, can, French, neither, English _______________________________________3.English teacher, to, sent, we, flowers, the, on Teacher's Day, some _______________________________________ _____________An accident happened on the road just now.He can speak neither English nor French. We sent some flowers to the English teacher onTeacher's Day.Ⅰ.连词成句 4.I, fast, felt, my, beating, very, heart _______________________________5.felt, fell, she, very, and, in the chair, tired, asleep _______________________________________I felt my heart beating very fast.She felt very tired and fell asleep in the chair.Ⅰ.连词成句 Ⅱ.翻译下列句子1.她昨天回家很晚。
(S＋Vi.) _______________________________________2.他们成功地完成了计划 (S＋Vt.＋O) ______________________________________3.这话听起来有道理 (S＋V.＋P) ______________________________________She went home very late yesterday evening.They have carried out the plan successfully.These words sound reasonable. 4.奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事 (S＋Vt.＋IO＋DO) ________________________________________5.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下 (S＋Vt.＋O＋OC) ___________________________Grandma told me an interesting story last night.I'll get my recorder mended.Ⅱ.翻译下列句子 1什么是名词什么是名词指出下列句子中的名词指出下列句子中的名词 1. John is watering the flowers in his garden.约翰正在花园里给花浇水。
2. Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦答案答案 (1). John; flowers; garden (2). 第2、3个trouble 1什么是名词什么是名词指出下列句子中的名词指出下列句子中的名词 3. Facts speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩4. It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响答案答案 (3). Facts; words (4). quarrel 1表示人或事物(事件/行为)名称的词是名词 2名词有哪些类别？名词有哪些类别？观察各组单词的特点，指出其类别观察各组单词的特点，指出其类别1. family class school2. pen man book3. idea communism style4. John China Japan 5. rice milk water答案答案 1. 集合名词 2.个体名词 3.抽象名词 4.专有名词 5.物质名词 2 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类，其中普通名词又分为个体名词，集合名词，抽象名词和物质名词。
3什么是可数名词与不可数名词？怎样识别？什么是可数名词与不可数名词？怎样识别？指出下列名词哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数词指出下列名词哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数词book steel air materialismexperience help class successdifficulty luck interest monthfailure fish people informationfurniture amusement 答案答案可数名词： book; experience; help; class; success; difficulty; interest; month; failure; fish; people不可数名词： steel; air; materialism; experience; help; success; difficulty; luck; interest; failure; fish; information; furniture; amusement3什么是可数名词与不可数名词？怎样识别？什么是可数名词与不可数名词？怎样识别？ 1．可以直接用数目来计算的名词是可数名词；不可以直接用数目来计算的名词是不可数名词。
2．一般而言，个体名词和集合名词是可数名词；抽象名词和物质名词是不可数名词难点是有些名词根据词义的变化其性质也发生变化，如“success(成功)”是个抽象的概念，常用作不可数名词但表示“成功的实例(人或物)”时，用作可数名词另外，名词是否可数，不能完全根据汉语的思维来确定3 4可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？ 写出下列各组词的复数形式写出下列各组词的复数形式（一）class__________ match__________box__________ brush__________（二）play__________ story_________day__________ city__________brushesclassesmatchesboxesstoriesplaysdays cities 2可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？（三）tomato__________ potato__________zoo __________ hero __________tomatoespotatoeszoosheroes（四）thief__________ shelf__________handkerchief _________________________ roof __________roofsthievesshelveshandkerchiefs/ handkerchieves （五）2可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？man__________ woman__________German__________ human __________humansmenwomenGermans（六）tooth__________ goose__________foot__________geeseteeth（七）child__________ ox__________oxenchildrenfeet （八）（九）2可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？bacterium ________ phenomenon__________phenomenabacteriabasis________ analysis_________basesanalyses（十）Chinese__________ aircraft__________means__________ sheep__________sheepChineseaircraftmeans （十一）2可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？可数名词的复数变化有什么规律？people_____________ fish__________people/peoplesfish/fishes（十二）fatherinlaw ____________editorinchief _____________touchmenot ____________touchmenotsfathersinlaweditorsinchief 2 可数名词的复数变化有如下规律：可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 1. 以s，x，ch或sh 结尾的名词在词尾加es。
但stomach变成复数为stomachs 2. 以y结尾的名词分两种情况其中以元音字母加y结尾的词在词尾直接加s，以辅音字母加y结尾的词改y为i再加es. 2 可数名词的复数变化有如下规律：可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 3. 以o结尾的名词变复数无规律可言，但中学阶段以o结尾变复数加es的单词可概括为“两人两菜”：Negro 黑人；hero英雄；tomato番茄； potato马铃薯其他加s 2 可数名词的复数变化有如下规律：可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 4. 以f/fe结尾的名词变复数也无规律可言，但中学阶段以f/fe结尾变复数改f/fe为v加es的单词可概括为“贼(thief)的妻子(wife)头戴树叶(leave)用架子(shelf)上的半(half)把小刀(knife)结束了一只狼(wolf)的生命(life)”其他加s 2 可数名词的复数变化有如下规律：可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 5. 含man的单词，通常改其中的元音字母a为e但直接加s的单词有三个：Roman, German, human。
6. 单词中间含oo的单词，通常改其中的元音字母oo为ee 7. 加(r)en变复数的单词：child(ren); ox(en) 8. 以a为复数形式的单词：bacteria; phenomena 9. 改is为es变为复数形式的单词：bases; analyses 2 可数名词的复数变化有如下规律：可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 10. 单复数同形的单词其中单复数同复数形式的单词主要有：means; works；series；species单 复 数 同 单 数 形 式 的 单 词 主 要 有 ： Chinese, Japanese，aircraft，sheep，deer，swine，fish等 11. people表示“人”时，单复数同单数形式；表示“民族”时，复数须加s；fish单复数同单数形式，复数形式fishes表示“各种各样的鱼” 2 可数名词的复数变化有如下规律：可数名词的复数变化有如下规律： 12. 含有主体名词的复合名词变复数，在主体名词上变化，如fathersinlaw; 无主体名词的复合名词变复数，在词尾上变化，如touchmenots。
其他情况一般加s 5不可数名词有复数形式吗？不可数名词有复数形式吗？指出画线部分单词的含义指出画线部分单词的含义1. Healthy diet should include vegetables.2. It's dangerous to cross waters around this island. 答案答案 (1). (各种各样的)蔬菜 (2). (很多的水体) 水域 5 不可数名词一般无复数形式偶有复数形式，用 以 表 达 种 类 的 多 ， 又 如 各 种 食 物 表 达 为“foods”；或表达数量的多，又如树林表达为“woods”(很 多 树 )， 沙 地 /滩 /漠 表 达 为“sands”(很多沙子) 6a(n) 可以修饰不可数名词吗？可以修饰不可数名词吗？翻译下列句子翻译下列句子1. I'd like a coffee.2. Travelling on that lonely island was a terrible experience.答案答案1．我想要杯咖啡2．在那个荒岛上旅行是一场可怕的经历 6 不可数名词前一般不能用不定冠词，但在物质名词个体化或抽象名词具体化的情况下，可以使用。
如a coffee 意为“一杯咖啡”，此时coffee变成个体名词； “He is a failure as a writer.”中的a failure意为“失败者”，此时failure具体化，由抽象名词变为个体名词 7名词所有格怎么表达？名词所有格怎么表达？翻译下列各组短语翻译下列各组短语1. 老师们的办公室 儿童节2. 树的叶子 桌子的腿3. 地球的表面 步行一小时的路程答案答案1. the teachers' office; Children's Day2. the leaves of the tree; the legs of the table3. the earth's surface; an hour's walk 7 1．人或动物的所有格常用‘s形式表达，如果该名词本身是复数，且以s结尾，则只需在词尾标注’ 2. 无生命的名词(通常是物体或植物)的所有格常用of结构表达 3. 少数第二类名词用第一种形式表达所有格。
这些名词主要是时间，天体，国家等 8名词在句子中充当什么成分？名词在句子中充当什么成分？指出画线部分充当的句子成分指出画线部分充当的句子成分1. Basketball is my favorite sports.2. What you need is confidence.3. His careless driving caused the accident.4. We elected Mr. Li head of our school.5. This kind of flower is called carnation.6. Beijing, capital of China, is worth visiting.7. I'd like to buy a coffee cup. 8名词在句子中充当什么成分？名词在句子中充当什么成分？指出画线部分充当的句子成分指出画线部分充当的句子成分答案答案1．主语 2.表语 3.宾语 4.宾补 5.主补 6.同位语 7.定语 8 名词在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、宾补、主补、同位语、定语或状语 9名词、名词所有格作定语有什么区别？名词、名词所有格作定语有什么区别？翻译下面短语和句子，说出它们有什么不同翻译下面短语和句子，说出它们有什么不同1. A. the Party members B. the Party's calls2. A. Please don't put the dog's food under the table. B. Dog food costs as much as meal. 9名词、名词所有格作定语有什么区别？名词、名词所有格作定语有什么区别？解解析析 1. A．党员； B. 党的号召。
在“党员”中，名词定语表示members的性质；在“党的号召”中，Party具有动作发出者的作用，calls虽然是名词，却具有动作的含义 2. A．请不要把狗粮放在桌子下面B. 狗粮和人的食品一样贵前句 dog's food，特指给某一条狗食用的后者指类别，即供狗食用的食品，并非只给某条狗食用翻译下面短语和句子，说出它们有什么不同翻译下面短语和句子，说出它们有什么不同 9 1．名词作定语强调“类指”，而名词所有格则表示“特指” 2. 一般来说，名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质，而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有(权)关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系 1什么是定冠词？什么是定冠词？翻译下列句子翻译下列句子1. The walkman you bought me early this month works well.2. The novel you are reading is worth reading.答案答案1. 这个月初你给我买的那个随身听很好用2. 你正在看的这本小说值得一看 1 英语中常用来表特指，意思相当于this(these)/ that(those)的前位限定词是定冠词the。
2什么是不定冠词？什么是不定冠词？翻译下列句子翻译下列句子1. I'd like a pair of sunglasses to protect my eyes. 2. Fetch me a paper box, please!答案答案1. 我想要副太阳镜保护眼睛2. 请帮我去拿个纸箱过来 2 a (an)与数词one 同源，常表类别，被修饰词具有不确定的含义，是“其中一个”的意思a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前需要注意的是，不能以单词开头是元音字母或辅音字母为依据，因为元音字母有可能发辅音，辅音字母有可能发元音a/an叫做不定冠词 指出下列句子中定冠词的用法指出下列句子中定冠词的用法1. I'd like to buy a car. The car should be powered by new energy.我想买辆车这辆车应该用新能源做动力2. As is known to all, the earth is a planet.众所周知，地球是行星3. The lion is a wild animal.狮子是野生动物3定冠词有哪些常见用法？定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 4. The living should carry out what hasn't been carried out by the dead.生者应该完成逝者未竟的事业。
5. Cocacola，though not good for health, is the most popular drink in and out of America.虽然可口可乐不利于健康，但它却是美国国内外最受欢迎的饮料6. The Smiths have a wonderful sense of humor.史密斯一家人很幽默3定冠词有哪些常见用法？定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 7. The Pacific is the largest ocean while the Arctic smallest.太平洋是最大的海洋而北冰洋是最小的8. I go to the cinema, the theatre, the circus, the ballet and the opera to make my life colorful.我去看电影、戏剧、马戏、芭蕾舞和歌剧，以此充实自己的生活9. The Hilton Hotel is where money is spent like water.希尔顿酒店是挥金如土的地方3定冠词有哪些常见用法？定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 10. According to the Times, more communication will be made between these groups.根据《泰晤士报》报道，这些组织将进行更多交流。
11. The WHO stands for the World Health Organization.WHO代表世界卫生组织12. I'm the David Copperfield that lives in Japan. 我是住在日本的大卫·科波菲尔3定冠词有哪些常见用法？定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 13. The telephone was invented by Bell.是贝尔发明的14. It would be nice if I could play the piano. 要是我会弹钢琴该多好15. He hit me on the head.他打了我的头16. The People's Republic of China was founded in the October of 1949.中华人民共和国成立于一九四九年的十月3定冠词有哪些常见用法？定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 3定冠词定冠词the在下列情形中使用：在下列情形中使用：1. 表示第二次提及或双方都知道的人或物2. 表示世界上独一无二的天体3. 用于单数可数名词前面， 表示某一类人或事物4. 用于形容词、分词前， 表示一类人。
5. 用于序数词及形容词或副词的最高级前6. 和姓氏复数连用，表“一家人” 37. 放在“海洋， 河流， 岛屿， 山系， 沙漠及由普通名词构成的国名”前8. 放在娱乐场所或媒体前9. 放在宾馆前10. 放在报纸前 11. 放在大型的组织机构及其缩略名前12. 放在人名前加以强调和特指 313. 表示发明物14. 放在乐器名称前15. 用于表“打/击/牵/拉的动词＋人＋介词＋身体的部位”句式在身体部位前用定冠词16. 表示具体某年的某个季节或月份，季节或月份前需用定冠词 指出下列各句中不定冠词的用法指出下列各句中不定冠词的用法1. What‘s under the table is a dog. 桌下的是一条狗(不是一只猫或其他什么东西)2. What's under the table is a dog. It's a pet dog. 桌下的是一条狗它是一条宠物狗3. A child needs love. (＝ Any child needs love.)每个孩子都需要爱4不定冠词有哪些常见用法？不定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 4. Take the sugarcoated pills three times a day. 这些糖衣片每日服3次。
5. The two children are of an age.这两个孩子年龄相同6. The audience were fixing their attention on the performance but all of a sudden the electricity was cut off. 观众们正聚精会神地欣赏着表演，突然停电了7. Generosity is a virtue. 慷慨是一种美德4不定冠词有哪些常见用法？不定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 8. A Mr. Wang called you ten minutes ago.一位王先生10分钟前打过你9. We all regard him as a Shakespeare. He writes good plays.我们都认为他是一个莎士比亚他的戏剧写得很好10. Rome wasn't built in a day.冰冻三尺非一日之寒(罗马不是一日建成的)4不定冠词有哪些常见用法？不定冠词有哪些常见用法？ 4不定冠词有哪些常见用法？不定冠词有哪些常见用法？11. They have a second house in the country.他们在乡下还有一间房子。
12. Beijing，capital of China, is a most beautiful city.北京，中国的首都，是一座非常漂亮的城市 4不定冠词常用于下列情形中：不定冠词常用于下列情形中：1．当可数名词单数第一次出现时， 用a/ an 表示不确定的某个人或物，兼有类别和数量的含义2．可数名词单数第二次出现，但前面有形容词，仍然用a/an修饰名词，表达“受限制”的新概念3．用于可数名词单数前， 代表一类人或事物， 相当于any 44.用于可数名词单数前， 相当于one, per或every，表频率5.a/an 用于be of ＋ n．结构，说明事物具有同一属性，相当于the same，表示“相同”的意思6. 用于固定搭配7. 物质名词或抽象名词前用a/an，表示种类8. 人名前用a/an，表示说话者不熟悉的人，相当于“a certain” 49. 表示与某名人有类似性质的人或事物10. 用于可数名词单数前，表示数量11. 序数词前面加不定冠词a/an表示“再一，又一”之意，数字的顺序意义淡化12. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a/an表示“十分，非常”之意，最高级意义淡化 翻译下列句子，注意名词的泛指意义翻译下列句子，注意名词的泛指意义1. Water is of great importance to life. 5冠词和名词的泛指和特指有何用法？冠词和名词的泛指和特指有何用法？水对生命非常重要。
2. — May I take your order? — A hot dog will do. ——要点些什么？ ——一条热狗就行3. Horses can be used to carry goods.马可以用来搬运货物 5冠词和名词的泛指和特指有何用法？冠词和名词的泛指和特指有何用法？4. The air in the container is clean, which helps breathe.5. The highway under construction is to be completed next autumn.6. The students in this school tend to be good at science.翻译下列句子，注意名词的泛指意义翻译下列句子，注意名词的泛指意义 5冠词和名词的泛指和特指有何用法？冠词和名词的泛指和特指有何用法？答案答案4. 这个容器的空气是干净的，有助于呼吸5. 正在修建的那条公路一定会在明年秋季竣工6. 这所学校的学生倾向于理科学得好翻译下列句子，注意名词的泛指意义翻译下列句子，注意名词的泛指意义 5 掌握什么是特指、什么是泛指， 是学好冠词的基础。
表示特定的人或事物为特指， 表示某一类人或事物即泛指其用法如下： 5冠词用法举例特指泛指表类别表“一（些）”可数名词单数the booka booka book可数名词复数the booksbooksbooks不可数名词the waterwatersome(any) water 5 如：“马是一种有用的动物”，表示“一类”，可以有三种说法：A. A horse is a useful animal.B. The horse is a useful animal.C. Horses are useful animals. 而在“The horse you bought is not vey good.” 一句中， the horse 被you bought 所修饰限定，为特指，所以就用定冠词 5 一般说来，被介词短语(尤其是of短语)和定语从句所限制的均为特指如： the history of China 中国历史 the book that you want 你想要的那本书 观察各例句，指出画线部分不用冠词的情形观察各例句，指出画线部分不用冠词的情形1. Honesty is what everyone should treasure.诚实是每个人应该珍爱的品德。
2. Father takes to bottles.父亲嗜酒3. Cook, head of our group, determined to swim across the channel.库克，我们的队长，决定游过这个海峡6哪些名词前不用冠词？哪些名词前不用冠词？ 4．We firmly hold the view that Diaoyu Island was，is and will be a part of China forever我们坚决坚持这个观点，即钓鱼岛过去是，现在还是，将来也永远是中国的一部分5. While in New Zealand, I climbed Mount Cook.在新西兰时我爬了库克山6. I don't have breakfast. I have brunch.我不吃早餐，我吃的是早中餐6哪些名词前不用冠词？哪些名词前不用冠词？ 7. Jane plays tennis to keep in shape.简打网球以保持体形8. She stayed in bed on Sunday instead of going to church.周日她没去做礼拜而是睡懒觉。
9. World War Two (＝ The Second World War) broke out in 1939.二战(或第二次世界大战)1939年爆发6哪些名词前不用冠词？哪些名词前不用冠词？ 6哪些名词前不用冠词？哪些名词前不用冠词？10. Christmas Day is to Western countries what the Spring Festival is to China.西方的圣诞节就如同中国的春节(一样重要)11．Snow melts in spring. 春天冰雪融化12. Child as/though he was(＝Though he was a child), he had to make his own living.尽管他是个孩子，他却得自己谋生 13. He turned traitor while she went socialist.他叛变了，而她成为社会主义者14. (1) Communicating with each other by email is an effective way.通过电子邮件相互交流是种有效的方法 (2) Going to and from work by bike helps protect our environment.骑自行车上下班有助于保护环境。
6哪些名词前不用冠词？哪些名词前不用冠词？ 15. (1)Annie and Lucy are mother and daughter. Annie 和 Lucy是母女关系 (2)The old man delivers the milk from door to door in all kinds of weather. 那位老人风雨无阻挨家挨户送牛奶16. The doctor and teacher thought highly of has made a great discovery in the field of physiology. 那个既是医生又是老师深受好评的人在生理学领域有重大发现 4哪些名词前不用冠词？哪些名词前不用冠词？ 4不用冠词的情形如下：不用冠词的情形如下：1.在抽象名词前不用2. 家庭成员大写时，其前不用冠词3. 表示独一无二的职衔的名词作主补，宾补，表语，同位语时，不用冠词4. 在不含普通名词，而由专有名词组成的国名前不用但由普通名词组成的国名前要用冠词如“the People's Republic of China”。
45. 当山(mount)置于山名前时6. 在一日三餐前不用冠词7. 在球类活动前不用冠词8. 当 bed, church, court, hospital, prison, school, college, university表达与场所有关的抽象意义而不强调地点意义时不用冠词9. 名词后面跟数字，表顺序时如：Lesson 3 (＝the third lesson) 410．用Day表达的节日前不用冠词，但用Festival表达的节日前通常加the, 如“the Spring Festival”11．季节前不用冠词但指具体某一年的季节要用定冠词， 如：The winter of 2008 was quite cold.12．在as/though引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构中，作表语的单数名词通常不用冠词 4 13．在turn和go之后的单数名词作表语时但become之后要用冠词，如：He has become a CEO in a company now.14．“by＋名词”结构表通讯，交通方式，名词用单数，且前面不用冠词15. 在对称结构中，名词前不用冠词16. 两个名词并列表示同一概念时，第二个名词不用冠词。
同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全 同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全 。
