
(广东专用)中考英语总复习 第2部分 语法专题复习 专题三 名词 人教新目标版.ppt
53页专题三名词专题三名词2019 2019 全新版全新版.分析广东近6年中考真题可知,名词是单项填空、完形填空的必考点和短文填空的高频考点(37.5分)单项填空每年必考1题;完形填空每年必考23题;短文填空中常考13题其命题规律为:必考点:可数名词及其单复数(6年6考;题型:单项填空、短文填空)名词词义辨析(6年6考;题型:单项填空、完形填空).高频考点:不可数名词(6年5考;题型:单项填空、短文填空;2018年不可数名词和可数名词的复数混合考查)冷考点:名词所有格(6年1考;题型:单项填空)专有名词(6年1考;题型:短文填空)近几年考查的名词如下:可数名词及其单复数(rooms,symbols,birds,bird,heart,changes,kinds,feet,restaurant,coach,biscuits,river);不可数名词(room,weight,glass,culture,chicken,research,success,money,advice,happiness,shame,interest)目目 录录 CONTENTS考点精讲易错盘点解题技巧试题精练.1可数名词复数的变化表考点精讲考点 可数名词及其单复数(6年6考)情况分类 变化规则例词规则变化一般情况在词尾加smapmaps,bagbags以s,x,ch,sh 结尾的词在词尾加esglassglasses,busbuses,boxboxes,watch watches,brushbrushes.情况分类变化规则例词规则变化以“辅音字母y”结尾的词变y为i加esbabybabies,citycities,familyfamilies以f或fe结尾的词在词尾加sgiraffegiraffes去掉f/fe 加vesleafleaves,knife knives,shelfshelves,lifelives,wifewives.情况分类 变化规则例词规则变化以o 结尾的词有生命的词加espotatopotatoes,tomato tomatoes,heroheroes无生命的词加sphotophotos,pianopianos.情况分类 变化规则例词不规则变化改变单数名词中的元音字母aemanmen,womanwomenooeefootfeet,toothteeth单复数形式相同没有变化ChineseChinese,fishfish,deerdeer,sheepsheep其他形式mousemice,child children,oxoxen.巧学妙记妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf),小偷(thief)吓得发了慌;躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命,半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。
2.关于可数名词及其单复数需要特别注意的事项:(1)“某国人”变复数规则:中日不变英法变,其余s加后面ChineseChinese,JapaneseJapanese;Englishman Englishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen;American Americans,GermanGermans.(2)一些名词如family,class,group,team,army等一般以单数形式出现当作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词应用单数形式;如果强调集体中的每一个成员,谓语动词应用复数形式如:The Webb family still has its farm over there.韦伯家依然保留着那里的农场My family are very nice.我的家人都很好3)只能用复数形式的名词:people,trousers,scissors等4)由两个名词组成的复合名词常把最后一个名词变复数如:a girl student two girl students;但第一个名词若是man/woman时,两个名词都要变复数如:a man teacher two men teachers;a woman doctor two women doctors。
5)可数名词可以被基数词(one)、不定冠词(a/an)或some,many,several,few,a lot of,enough,plenty of,a number of等修饰对可数名词的量提问时,要用how many)1.(2015广东)Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous _ in American _.Asymbol;cultureBsymbol;culturesCsymbols;culture Dsymbols;cultures()2.(2018佛山市南海区模拟)New rules for express delivery panies are ing to protect _.Apassengers BchildrenCcustomers DlawyersCC.()3.(2018东莞市模拟)Two _ helped the little boy to find his parents.His parents were very thankful.Apolice BpolicemanCpolicemen DpolicewomanC.1.不可数名词前不能直接用不定冠词a/an,也没有复数形式。
2.表示不可数名词的数量时需借助于结构:a量词(可数名词)of不可数名词,变复数形式时,把a变为具体数词,量词变为复数形式如:a glass of milk 一杯牛奶;a piece of paper 一张纸;three cups of tea 三杯茶;four bottles of juice 四瓶果汁考点 不可数名词(6年5考).3.有些名词表示物质或抽象概念时是不可数的,但是在表示个体概念时是可数的如下表所示:名词可数不可数名词可数 不可数glass眼镜、玻璃杯玻璃room房间空间chicken小鸡鸡肉experience经历经验fish鱼鱼肉orange橘子橘汁.名词可数不可数名词可数不可数paper报纸、试卷、论文纸张exercise习题;练习锻炼weight重物重time次;回时间height高处高life生命生活work作品工作wood树林木头;木材.()4.(2018广东)The three _ upstairs are too small to have enough_ for a double bed.Aroom;room Broom;roomsCrooms;roomDrooms;rooms()5.(2017广东)Daniel has tried to lose _ by eating less recently,but two kilos has been put on instead.Aweight BweightsCheightDheightsCA.()6.(2016广东)The broken _ may cut into your hand if you touch it.You should be careful.Aglass BglassesCcandle Dcandles()7.(2013广东)Mum,Ive heard that we cant eat _ these days.Is it true?Take it easy.It is safe to eat cooked meat.Achicken BchickensCa chicken Dthe chickenAA.()8.(2018惠州市惠阳区模拟)We can get much _ on the Internet.AphotosBideaCmessages Dinformation()9.(2018珠海市香洲区二模)Mr.Brown,would you please give me some _?I tried several times but failed.AideaBsuggestionCadviceDwarningDC.()10.Can I help you?Id like to have 100 _.I want my students to draw pictures.Apiece of paperBpieces of paperCpieces of papers Dpiece of papersB.1.s所有格:表示有生命事物的名词所有格。
其构成为:考点 名词所有格(6年1考)情况分类例子单数名词在词尾加sthe boys mother 男孩的母亲复数名词以s结尾的复数名词后加two hours walk 两个小时的步行不规则复数名词后加sChildrens Day儿童节;Womens Day妇女节.情况分类例子表示某物为各自所有时,各名词词尾均需加sJanes and Lucys pencils 简的铅笔和露西的铅笔表示某物为几人共有时,在最后一词词尾加sLucy and Lilys room 露西和莉莉的房间表示商铺、某人的家、诊所或餐馆等的名词所有格,其后的名词常省略the doctors 诊所;my uncles 我叔叔家.2.of所有格:一般表示无生命事物的名词,通常用“of名词”结构来构成所有格如:a map of China 一张中国地图;the gate of the school 学校的大门3.可用s或of短语表示的名词所有格如:the boys namethe name of the boy 这个男孩的名字;the dogs legsthe legs of the dog 这条狗的腿.4.表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价值、国家等无生命的名词,也可以单数加s或复数加构成所有格。
如:a weeks time 一周的时间,Chinas population 中国的人口,ten minutes walk 十分钟的步行,twenty miles journey 二十英里的旅程,three pounds weight 三磅的重量5.双重所有格:双重所有格主要表示整体中的一部分有“of s所有格”和“of名词性物主代词”两种形式如:a dog of my neighbors 我邻居的一条狗;a friend of mine 我的一个朋友.注意用介词to表示所属关系的几个常见搭配:the answer to the question,the key to the door,the entrance to the building.()11.(2014广东)Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _ Day.AWomanBWomen CWomans DWomensD.1.表示某个人物、事物、地点、组织、团体、机构、报刊或国家等名称的词如:China,the Great Wall,Uncle Li,Mary Smith,the United Nations,China Daily,Peking University等。
2.表示时间、语言、月份、节日等的名词如:Sunday,December,Chinese,May Day等考点 专有名词(6年1考).3.专有名词一般没有复数形式,但有时也会以复数形式出现如:The Smiths are going to the USA tomorrow.史密斯一家打算明天去美国4.单个专有名词的首字母要大写,当专有名词以词组形式表示时,其中的冠词、虚词等不用大写如:the Great Wall长城;the Peoples Republic of China中华人民共和国.名词词义辨析是广东中考完形填空的必考点,其解题关键是通过分析具体的语境来辨析名词的词义1.结合广东近6年的中考真题,总结一些常考的名词具体如下:2018年:resear。












