课时分层作业7SectionⅠ.pdf

课时分层作业 7 Section Ⅰ  第 2 页 课时分层作业(七) Section Ⅰ [高考题型练习提能力] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Have you dreamed of building your own machine? Do you wish you could invent something new? Here we look at a few British inventions of recent times. Adaptable Glasses Do you wear glasses? If so, can you imagine life without them? In 1985, Joshua Silver, a professor at Oxford University, asked himself, “Can I invent a pair of glasses that could be changed by the wearer？” He designed two plastic lenses(透镜) that are filled with a special liquid. The liquid can be changed between the lenses until you can see clearly. The glasses are not beautiful but they are easy to use and cheap to make. The Wind­up Radio When you switch your TV on tonight, think about all those people without electricity. Thinking about this, Trevor Baylis came up with the idea of designing a radio that could be powered by hand. In common with Joshua Silver he wanted his invention to be cheap and easy to use. The radio has a generator (发电机) which is powered by turning a handle. In 2019 it won a BBC Design Award for Best Protect and Best Design. The Dyson Cleaner In many homes around the world you can see a cleaner that looks like a spaceship. This is the Dyson vacuum (真空) cleaner which uses something called “cyclonic separation” to separate the dirt. You do not need a bag for your cleaner and it does not get blocked so it is very practical. The idea came to Sir James Dyson after he kept having problems with his vacuum cleaner. He decided he could design a better one and in 1993 he opened his own factory. The Dyson is now one of the best-selling cleaners in the UK and Dyson is believed to have earned over a billion pounds. The Zapata Fly­board  第 3 页 Ever dreamed of rising through the water and jumping high in the air like a dolphin? Now you can try a fly-board, built by water sports fan Frank Zapata. With it you can dive back in the water and out again. It's possible to jump to unbelievable heights out of the water—over 30 feet. The basic fly-board model comes in at ￡4，200. So keep dreaming and inventing. One day you might get it right. 【语篇解读】 这里是一些当代的英国发明。

文章主要介绍了四种发明创造 1．Who invented Adaptable Glasses? A．Joshua Silver. B．Trevor Baylis. C．James Dyson. D．Frank Zapata. A [细节理解题根据第二段提到“In 1985, Joshua Silver, a professor at Oxford University, asked himself”可知是 Joshua Silver 发明的，故选 A 项] 2．Which invention won an award? A．Adaptable Glasses. B．The Wind­up Radio. C．The Dyson Cleaner. D．The Zapata Fly­board. B [细节理解题根据“In 2019 it won a BBC Design Award for Best Protect and Best Design.”可知，the wind­up radio 获过奖故选 B] 3．Who might be interested in the invention of the Dyson cleaner? A．Those who need radios. B．Those who have eye problems. C．Those who are fond of diving. D．Those who want to use cleaners more easily. D [细节理解题。

根据第三段提到“In many homes around the world you can see a cleaner that looks like a spaceship. This is the Dyson vacuum (真空)  第 4 页 cleaner which uses something called ‘cyclonic separation’ to separate the dirt. You do not need a bag for your cleaner and it does not get blocked so it is very practical”在许多家庭会看到清洁器，这是真空的清洁器，不用携带袋子很方便实用，故选 D 项] 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Kind Inventors B．Cheap Inventions C．Creative Minds D．Future Dreams C [推理判断题 你是否梦想过制造属于自己的机器？你想发明一些新东西吗？这里是一些当代的英国发明。

文章主要介绍了四种发明创造，故选 C 项] B As the name implies, “green technology” is the one that has a “green” purpose.The “green” here does not mean the color.However, it means the long and short term influence an invention has on the environment.Green inventions are environmentally friendly inventions that often involve energy efficiency, recycling, safety and health concerns, renewable resources, and more. One of the best known examples of green technology would be the solar cell.A solar cell directly changes the energy in light into electrical energy through the process of photovoltaics(光伏发电)．Producing electricity from solar energy means less consumption of fossil fuels, reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.Another simple invention that can be considered green is the reusable water bottle.Drinking lots of water is healthy.Reducing plastic waste is great for the environment.Therefore, popular reusable water bottles are health ­promoting, eco­friendly, and green. The world has a fixed amount of natural resources, some of which are already used up or ruined.For example, household batteries and electronics often contain dangerous chemicals that can pollute the groundwater after disposal, polluting our soil and water with chemicals that cannot be removed from the drinking water supply and the food crops grown on polluted soil.The risks to  第 5 页 human health are great. Inventors should know that green inventions and clean technologies are good business.These are fast growing markets with growing profits.Consumers should know that buying green inventions can reduce their energy bill and that green inventions are often safer and healthier products. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了绿色环保发明创造的益处。

5．The first paragraph is mainly developed by ． A．making a comparison B．giving an example C．giving an explanation D．following time order C [推理判断题 第一段主要介绍了什么是绿色发明， 主要通过下定义及解释的手法组织第一段] 6．The advantages of producing electricity from solar energy may NOT include ． A．fossil fuels are less used B．less greenhouse gas is given out C．pollution is decreased D．it can meet the needs of the whole country D [细节理解题根据第二段“Producing electricity from solar energy means less consumption of fossil fuels, reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.”可知太阳能发电可以减少对化石燃料的消耗，减少污染和温室气体的排放。

] 7．The second paragraph suggests that ． A．drinking plenty of water is good for your health B．the plastic bottle is a pollutant for the environment C．the reusable water bottles are green in color D．the reusable water bottles can refill themselves  第 6 页 B [细节理解题根据第二段“Reducing plastic waste is great for the environment.”可知减少塑料废物对环境是好的，由此可知装水的塑料瓶对环境是一种污染] 8．The purpose of the last two paragraphs is to ． A．call on people to prefer green products B．teach people how to protect environment C．show the advantages of producing green products D．list some green inventions for consumers A [推理判断题。

最后两段分别给出了发明者发明绿色产品和消费者消费绿色产品的理由，所以目的是号召人们选择绿色产品] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 For over one hundred and fifty years, Americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans. 1 Whether they are worn for work or for fashion today, Strauss' invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also among people around the world. Levi Strauss was born in Germany in 1829. 2 He grew up in Kentucky before moving to New York in 1847. Before becoming an American citizen and moving to the West in 1853, Strauss worked in his brother's dry goods business. This gave him a chance to produce his famous invention. After the gold rush of 1949, Strauss decided to move to the West to seek his fortunes. Strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. Instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. At first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and cloth. 3 When he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily broken or they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. These pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make more. In 1873, Strauss received a letter from a Jewish tailor named Jacob Davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets (铆钉). This made the pants last a long time. Because Davis did not have the money to patent  第 7 页 his idea, he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent. 4 By the time Strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to American fashion. 5 The business has been growing ever since and Levi Strauss' company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world. A．As a young boy, he moved with his family to the United States. B．Nobody knew what kind of material was suitable. C．He did and Levi jeans have been made with metal rivets ever since. D．However, he did not get much business for those products. E．He also made a great contribution to America's clothing industry. F．Since they were invented by Levi Strauss, they have become a symbol of American consumer culture. G．As the business grew, Strauss got much money from it. 【语篇解读】 短文讲述了牛仔衣的发明者 Strauss 发明牛仔衣的过程和对世界做出的巨大贡献。

1．F [考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力上句讲牛仔衣的广泛流行；下句讲牛仔衣的发明者 Strauss 对世界做的重大贡献F 项引出了牛仔衣的发明者，连接前后，故选 F] 2．A [考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力此处讲 Strauss 的生平，出生和幼年时代，A 项与上下句连接，故选 A] 3．D [考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力上句讲他想把缝纫产品和衣服卖给矿工们，D 项讲他并没有得到多少生意，讲上句的结果，故选 D] 4． C [考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力 本段讲 Jacob Davis 向 Strauss介绍自己的专利产品使用铆钉使衣服结实，希望合作C 项讲二人合作成功，产品被使用故选 C] 5． E [考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力 本段讲 Strauss 对美国时尚和 第 8 页 制衣业做出的巨大贡献，故选 E] 【导学号：40342040】 Ⅲ.语法填空 In much of Asia, especially the so­called “rice bowl”cultures of China, Japan, Korea，1. Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 2. (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3. (create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots，4. (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.Over time，5. the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6. (gradual)turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius ， 7. lived from roughly 551 to 479 B ． C., influenced the 8. (develop) of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9. (be) too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example, most people traditionally eat 10. their hands. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。

筷子通常是两根细长的木头或竹子它们也能用塑料、动物的骨头或者金属制成有时，筷子很有艺术性除了筷子的选材，文章也对筷子的由来以及发展做了介绍，大家快来读一读吧 1．and [考查并列连词句意：……在中国、日本、韩国和越南的……文化里，人们通常用筷子吃饭] 2． be made [考查被动语态 筷子用金、 银做成， 此处用被动语态 be made  第 9 页 of 用……制成] 3．to create [考查非谓语动词之动词不定式此处表示 combine...and...的目的，故用不定式作目的状语句意：熟练的工人也把各种各样的硬木和金属结合起来以创造出特别的样式] 4．using [考查非谓语动词之现在分词people 与 use 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作方式状语] 5．as/when [考查从属连词句意：慢慢地，随着人口的增加(当人口增加时)，为了使食物熟得更快，人们开始把食物切成小块根据句意可知，空格处填 as 或者 when，as/when 引导时间状语从句] 6．gradually [考查词性转换之形容词变为副词空格处修饰 turned into，故用副词gradual 的副词形式是 gradually。

] 7．who [考查定语从句的引导词分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子是非限制性定语从句定语从句修饰先行词 Confucius(孔子)，且从句中缺少主语，故用 who 引导] 8．development [考查词性转换之动词变为名词空格处位于定冠词 the 后，由of chopsticks 修饰，故空格处须填名词develop 的名词形式是 development] 9．were [考查时态和主谓一致分析句子结构可知，believed 后接宾语从句，宾语从句由 and 连接两个并列谓语主句用了一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态；又因主语是 knives，故填 were] 10． with [考查介词 eat with their hands 用手抓饭吃 with 表示“用” ] 。