定语从句与同位语从句(全).doc

本文档如对你有帮助，请帮忙下载支持！教案 7.21定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose,等as；关系副词有 when, where, why等关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分The manwho is shaking hands with my fatheris a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语二、关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语The boyswho are playing football are from Class One正.在踢足球的男孩是一班的Thosewho want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning想.去博物馆的人必须在明晨7 点到大门口集合。

Yesterday I helped an old manwho had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人That is the teacherwho teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略Mr Liu is the personwhom( ) you talked about on the bus刘.先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人Li Ming is just the boywhom( ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩The professor whom( ) you are waiting for has come你.正在等的教授已经来了The girl (whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor老师.经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略The man whom( / who)you met just now is my old friend.本文档如对你有帮助，请帮忙下载支持！3．which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

Football is a gamewhich is liked by most boys足.球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动The factorywhich makes computers is far away from here制造.计算机的那家公司离这儿很远He likes to read bookswhich are written by foreign writers他.喜欢外国作家写的书The housewhich is by the lake looks nice湖.边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮This is the pen(which ) he bought yesterday这.是他昨天买的钢笔The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at他all们.昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有4．that 指人时，相当于who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略The number of peoplethat / whocome to visit this city each year reaches one million每年.来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。

Where is the manthat / whom I saw this morning?我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The personthat /whom you introduced to me is very kind你.介绍给我的那个人很友好The seasonthat / which comes after spring is summer春.天以后的季节是夏季Yesterday I received a letterhat / which came from Australia昨.天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信5．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语I visited a scientistwhosename is known all over the country我拜.访了一个全国知名的科学家He has a friendwhosefather is a doctor他.有一个爸爸当医生的朋友I once lived in the housewhoseroof has fallen in.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里三、“介词 +关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。

The schoolwhich( / that) he once studiedin is very famous.=The schoolin which he once studied is very famous他曾.经就读过的学校很出名TomorrowI ’bringll here the magazinewhich( / that) you askedfor.=TomorrowI ’bringll here the magazinefor which you asked明.天我将把你要的杂志带来This is the boywhom( / who / that) I played tenniswith yesterday.=This is the boywith whom I played tennis with yesterday这是.我昨天跟他打台球的男孩 We’ llgo to hear the famous singerwhom( / who / that) we have often talkedabout.本文档如对你有帮助，请帮忙下载支持！=We’ llgo to hear the famous singerabout whomwe have often talked我们.将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。

The managerwhosecompany I workin pays much attention to improving our working condi tions.=The managerin whosecompany I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions我.工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件１. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面如：look for，look after， take care of等This is the watchwhich( / that) I am looking for. 正()This is the watchfor which I amlooking . (误)这是我正在找的手表The babieswhom( / who / that) the nurse islooking after are very healthy. 正()The babiesafter whom the nurse is looking are very healthy（误.）那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。

２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom，不可用 who, that；关系代词指物时只可用 which，不可用 that关系代词是所有格时用whoseThe manwith whom you talked just now is my neighbour正.) (The man withthat / who you talked just now is my neighbour误.) ( 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable正). (The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable误). (我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词将先行词带入试试，可以看出介词是否有问题）如：He loves his parents deeply,both of whomare very kind to him他.深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。

In the basket there are quite many apples,some of whichhave gone bad.篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了There are forty students in our class inmostall, of whomare from big cities. 我们班总共有 40个学生，大多数来自大城市Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country迄life今为.止，他写了 10 部小说，其中３部是关于农村生活的四、关系副词引导的定语从句本文档如对你有帮助，请帮忙下载支持！1． when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语I still remember the daywhen I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天The timewhen we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了October 1, 1949 was the whenday thePeople ’sRepublic of China was founded. 1949年10 月 1 日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

Do you remember the years when he lived in the count。