1、 分类号:I206.2 学校单位代码:10446 硕 士 学 位 论 文 论文题目:论文题目: 论新序 说苑 列女传论新序 说苑 列女传 的共同点的共同点 研 究 生 姓 名 :徐艳艳 学 科、专 业:中 国 古 代 文 学 研 究 方 向: 中国古代诗文研究 导师姓名、职称: 单承彬教授 论文完成时间:2012 年 4 月 1 曲阜师范大学研究生学位论文原创性说明 (根据学位论文类型相应地在“”划“”) 本人郑重声明:此处所提交的博士/硕士论文论的共同点,是本人在导师指导下,在曲阜师范大学攻读博士/硕士学位期间独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。论文中除注明部分外不包含他人已经发表或撰写的研究成果。对本文的研究工作做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确的方式注明。本声明的法律结果将完全由本人承担。 作者签名: 日期: 曲阜师范大学研究生学位论文使用授权书 (根据学位论文类型相应地在“”划“”) 论的共同点系本人在曲阜师范大学攻读博士/硕士学位期间,在导师指导下完成的博士/硕士学位论文。本论文的研究成果归曲阜师范大学所有,本论文的研究内容不得以其他单位的名义发表。本人完全了解曲阜师范大学
2、关于保存、使用学位论文的规定,同意学校保留并向有关部门送交论文的复印件和电子版本,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权曲阜师范大学,可以采用影印或其他复制手段保存论文,可以公开发表论文的全部或部分内容。 作者签名: 日期: 导师签名: 日期: I 摘 要 新序、说苑、列女传代表了刘向文学上的最高成就,三本书在外在形式、编撰方式、创作目的、历史缘由以及意义价值等方面都存在着很多的共同点,本文通过对三本书共同特点的归纳以及刘向对史实材料的独特剪裁手法,来探讨刘向的创作意图及创作缘由,还有它们在中国散文发展史上的意义以及对后世文学的影响。本文着意通过新序、说苑、列女传共同之处的归纳总结来表现刘向在文学上的成就,绪论部分主要论述了该题目涉及领域的研究现状、选择该题目的原因、研究意义以及文本采用的主要研究方法。正文一共分为四个部分: 第一部分从三个方面总结归纳了新序、说苑、列女传的共同特点,主要包括: 一,从结构组成上看,每部书都是由简短、互不连贯的小故事组成;二,从主题思想上看,每个篇章都有相同或相近的主题思想;三,从故事来源上看,每部书的材料基本都是有根可寻有据可考,并且每一个特点进行举例证明。
3、第二部分通过比较新序、说苑、列女传与所引古籍之间材料的对比分析刘向的编撰成书方式, 得出刘向的独特剪裁手法, 并列出刘向对材料所做的几种加工方法,而总体上又可分为同题同旨和同题异旨两大类,然后举例证明,其中刘向材料引自韩诗外传的比重很大,主要通过与其对比看刘向的材料加工方式。 第三部分是分析刘向新序、说苑、列女传的创作缘由,刘向在历史典籍中汲取相同的政治理念以及思想观念来编撰成书,目的是为了维系刘氏皇权思想体系,挽救刘氏家族统治,刘向的这种创作目的和当时的历史背景、现实背景以及刘向特殊的身份地位都有密切的关系,根本缘由是刘向内心深受儒家思想影响,无时不刻以“同姓末属”、“宗室遗老”、“先帝旧臣”的身份来勉励激励自身,自觉的充当起帝王师和谏臣;历史方面即指当时儒家思想的复兴和西汉礼制规范的创立,现实上主要源于西汉愈演愈烈的外戚宦官专权,因此才编撰了这些书籍来劝谏成帝,同时期望为朝廷大臣、市井百姓、家中女子创立一套“礼”的道德规范并提供历史经验教训,也就是所谓的“为汉规监”。 第四部分是分析新序、说苑、列女传的意义和价值。三部书具有承前启后的重要意义,主要体现在对故事的整理体现条理化、系统
4、化的倾向;对故事情节的编撰体现独立化、单元化;对故事材料的运用体现集中明确的目的性。而且,三部书对后世的类传体裁、古代小说集等的出现具有深刻影响。 关键词:刘向;新序;说苑;列女传 II Abstract New Recount, Collection of Stories and Biography of Women in Ancient China represent the highest literary achievement of Liu-xiang, there are many common points in the three works such as external form, compiled method, purpose, historical reason and significance values etc, based on the three books of common characteristics of the induction of historical material and Liu Xiang s unique tailori
5、ng approach to study Liu-Xiang s creation intention and creation of reason, and their significance in the Chinese prose development history and impact on later literature. This article emphatically through the common summary of New Recount, Collection of Stories and Biography of Women in Ancient China to show Liu-Xiangs achievement in literature, The introduction part mainly discusses the problems involving the fields of current research, selecting the topic causes, significance and main researc
6、h methods adopted in the text. The text is divided into four parts: The first part summarizes the common features of New Recount, Collection of Stories and Biography of Women in Ancient China from three aspects, mainly include: one, from structure point of view, every book is a short, disconnected short stories; two, from the theme look, every piece has the same or similar themes; three, from the story of the source point of view, each book materials have a root can be found according to the tes
7、t, and each features are exemplified. The second part draw a conclusion that Liu-Xiang use an unique tailoring approach in the works, through the comparing of material contrast analysis in New Recount, Collection of Stories and Biography of Women in Ancient China and cited books ,then list several processing methods to these works, the contents generally can be divided into the same problems with the aim and the same problem of purpose two categories, then proved with examples, Liu-Xiangs a larg
8、e of materials are quoted from“ Han poetry unauthorized biography“, mainly reflect the processing method of Liu-Xiangs material through their contrast. The third part is the analysis of Liu-Xiangs creation reason in New Recount, Collection of Stories and Biography of Women in Ancient China, Liu-Xiang draw the same political philosophy and the ideas in the history books to compiled into a book, the purpose is to maintain the Liu imperial ideology and save the Liu family rule, this purpose is clos
9、ely related with the times history background, the realistic background and Liu-Xiangs special status, fundamental reason is his deeply Confucian influence; The history reason is the revival of the Confucian thoughts and the code of etiquette was founded, the growing of the eunuch is another reason, therefore Liu-Xiang compiled these books to warn the emperor, he want to found a set of“ ritual“ ethics for the ministers and ordinary people, as someone said” To create a standard for the Han III dynasty”. The fourth part analyse the meaning and value of New Recount, Collection of Stories and Biography of Women in Ancient. The three works have an important significance, mainly reflected : the systematic tendency of the organization in the embodiment; the independent, modular of storys compilation; the
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