翻译三级笔译综合能力真题2016年上半年

翻译三级笔译综合能力真题2016年上半年 Vocabulary and GrammarThis section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for e（江南博哥）ach part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.  Whether the extension of consciousness is a "good thing" for human beings is a question that _ of a wide solution.A.requiresB.needsC.admitsD.seeks 正确答案：C解析 (1)句子结构。   本句主要结构为SVC，其中Whether the extension of.for human beings是主语从句，之后的is为系动词，a question是主语补语，其后的that从句为question的定语。   (2)选项词义。   Arequire v. 需要；依靠；依赖   Bneed v. 需要；必需   Cadmit v. 容许；承认   Dseek v. 寻求；谋求；争取   本句大意为“对人类而言，意识的延伸究竟是好是坏，是一个见仁见智的问题”。根据上下文，只有admits符合句意。 2.  Scientists believe that being born in the summer could give you a sunny disposition for your life, and a winter birthday might cast a permanent shadow _ your happiness.A.overB.throughC.acrossD.with 正确答案：A解析 (1)句子结构。   本句的主要结构为主动宾(SVO)，宾语由两个并列的子句充当。   (2)选项词义。   Aover prep.(表示方向)越过；(部分或全部覆盖)在上面   Bthrough prep.通过，穿过；经由；透过；凭借   Cacross prep.穿过；横穿，横过；与交叉；在对面   Dwith prep.和，跟；随着；关于；和一致   本句大意为“科学家们认为，生于夏天的人性格阳光，生于冬天可能会给你的幸福蒙上永久的阴影”。从搭配来看，只有over符合句意(cast a shadow over)，因此A为正确选项。 3.  The residents of that area, knowing that seat belts save lives, are _ with the seat belt law.A.comparativeB.compliantC.compatibleD.commensurate 正确答案：B解析 (1)句子结构。   本句结构为主动补(SVC)，The residents of that area(主语)，knowing that seat belts save lives(原因状语)，are(系动词)_ with the seat belt law(主语补语)。   (2)选项词义。   Acomparative adj.比较(上)的；相对的   Bcompliant adj.遵从的；依从的；(与系列规则相)符合的；一致的   Ccompatible adj.兼容的，相容的；和谐的，协调的   Dcommensurate adj.(在时间和空间上)相等的；相称的，相当的   本句大意为“那个地区的居民深知安全带可以挽救生命，因此自觉遵守安全带法”。从词义来看，只有compliant构成的搭配(be compliant with)最符合句意。 4.  Fortunately, my attorney helped me obtain compensation for my injuries, which _ my monthly income.A.augmentedB.allottedC.allocatedD.aggregated 正确答案：A解析 (1)句子结构。   本句的主句结构为主动宾补(SVOC)，主语为my attorney，谓语为helped，me为宾语，obtain compensation为宾语补足语，后面which引导的从句为非限定性定语从句，修饰compensation。   (2)选项词义。   Aaugment vt.增强；增加，增添；(使)扩张，扩大   Ballot vt.分配；分派；拨给；指定(款项等)   Callocate vt.分配，分派；把拨给   Daggregate vt.使聚集，使积聚；总计达   本句大意为“幸运的是，我的律师帮助我获得了伤害赔偿，这增加了我的月收入”。从词义来看，只有augment符合句意。 5.  Most people who are color-blind actually can distinguish several colors. Some, however, have a truly _ view of a world all in shades of gray.A.opalescentB.translucentC.astigmaticD.monochromatic 正确答案：D解析 (1)句子结构。   题干中的第一句是主动宾(SVO)结构，其主语Most people带有一个由who引导的关系从句。第二句也是主动宾(SVO)结构，all in shades of gray作为定语修饰a world。   (2)选项词义。   Aopalescent adj.发乳白色光的   Btranslucent adj.半透明的；透亮的，有光泽的   Castigmatic adj.散光的，矫正散光的；歪曲(或无视)事实的   Dmonochromatic adj.单色的，单频的   本句大意为“大多数色盲实际上能分辨出几种颜色。然而，对有些色盲来说，整个世界在他们眼里色彩单一，只有深浅不同的灰色”。从词义来看，只有monochromatic符合句意，因此D为正确选项。 6.  It is believed that when artists, advertisers and creative executives all get in the same room together, no one wants to _ any control.A.reserveB.relinquishC.recoverD.return 正确答案：B解析 (1)句子结构。   这是一个含有主语从句的句子，其中，it为形式主语，is believed是谓语；that引导的从句是真正的主语，主语从句中有一个when引导的状语从句。   (2)选项词义。   Areserve v.储备；保留；预约   Brelinquish v.放弃；让出(权利，财产等)；放开，松手   Crecover v.恢复；重新获得；(正)恢复(适当的状态或位置)   Dreturn v.回来；退还；重现；回报   本句大意为“人们认为，当艺术家、广告商和创意主管齐聚一堂时，没有人愿意放弃掌控权”。从词义来看，只有选项B最符合句意。 7.  After eight hours at the wheel of the lorry, the driver was beginning to feel the _.A.strifeB.sweatC.struggleD.strain 正确答案：D解析 (1)句子结构。   本句为主谓结构(SV)，其中the driver为主语，was beginning.为谓语；句首的介词词组作时间状语。   (2)选项词义。   Astrife n.斗争；争吵；冲突   Bsweat n.汗水；湿气；繁重、耗力的劳动   Cstruggle n.打斗；竞争；奋斗   Dstrain n.压力；重负；性格   本句大意为“卡车司机开了八个小时车后，开始感到疲惫不已”。从上文的After eight hours at the wheel of the lorry来看，只有选项D最符合句意。 8.  The first settlers in the U.S. had to _ with unfriendly Indians, sickness, coldness, and lack of food.A.confrontB.contendC.consentD.conspire 正确答案：B解析 (1)句子结构。   本句的结构为主动宾(SVO)：The first settlers in the U.$.(主语)had to _ with(谓语)unfriendly Indians，sickness，coldness，and lack of food(宾语)。   (2)选项词义辨析。   Aconfront v.面对；使面对面，使对质；遇到；比较   Bcontend v.争夺；竞争；奋斗；争斗   Cconsent v.同意；赞成，赞同；允许   Dconspire v.搞阴谋；协力促成   本句大意为“美国的首批定居者不得不与不友好的印第安人、疾病、严寒和食物匮乏作斗争”。contend with sth.表示“(不得不)处理问题，对付困境”，符合句意。 9.  The professor argued that every grass-roots movement needs a _: without this public declaration of motives, there can be no cohesive organization.A.mandateB.manualC.motiveD.manifesto 正确答案：D解析 (1)句子结构。   本句是一个主动宾(SVO)结构，The professor为主语，argued为谓语，that引导的是宾语从句。   (2)选项词义。   Amandate n.授权；任期；委任；命