2020-2022年全球社会保障报告（英）-318页

ILO Flagship ReportWorldSocialProtectionReport202022Social protectionat the crossroads in pursuit ofa better future Copyright © International Labour Organization 2021First published 2021Publications of the International Labour Oce enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal CopyrightConvention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condi-tion that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made toILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Oce, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, orby email: rightsilo.org. The International Labour Oce welcomes such applications.Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copiesin accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to nd the reproduc-tion rights organization in your country.World Social Protection Report 202022: Social protection at the crossroads in pursuit of a better futureInternational Labour Oce Geneva: ILO, 2021.1 online resource (377 p.)ISBN 978-92-2-031949-9 (print)ISBN 978-92-2-031950-5 (web PDF)social protection / social security policy / COVID-19 / sustainable development / economic recession /future of work / migrant worker / ILO Convention / ILO Recommendation / ILO pub02.03.1Cite this publication as: International Labour Oce. World Social Protection Report 202022:Social Protection at the Crossroads in Pursuit of a Better Future. Geneva: ILO, 2021.ILO Cataloguing in Publication DataThe designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, andthe presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the partof the International Labour Oce concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of itsauthorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solelywith their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Oceof the opinions expressed in them.Reference to names of rms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsementby the International Labour Oce, and any failure to mention a particular rm, commercial product orprocess is not a sign of disapproval.Information on ILO publications and digital products can be found at: www.ilo.org/publns.Photo creditsCover: Dakota Corbin/unsplash; p. 4: ©some_tale/unsplash; p. 16: E. Gianotti/ILO;p. 28: ©freemixer/istock; p. 42: ©M. Crozet/ILO; p. 66: ©Jérémy Stenuit/unsplash; p. 82: ©M. Crozet/ILO;p. 84: ©MD SHAHADAT RAFI/unsplash; p. 102: ©M. Crozet/ILO; p. 106: ©Joice Kelly/unsplash;p. 108: ©Kelly Sikkema/unsplash; p. 120: ©M. Crozet/ILO; p. 128: ©M. Crozet/ILO;p. 130: ©Ahsanization/unsplash; p. 140: ©Danny Nee/unsplash; p. 150: ©M. Crozet/ILO;p. 152: ©Mongkolchon Akesin/iStock; p. 164: ©OC Gonzalez/unsplash; p. 186: ©JC Gellidon/unsplash;p. 188: ©Francisco Venâncio/unsplash; p. 206: ©Bennett Tobias/unsplash; p. 208: ©Paul Green/unsplash;p. 210: ©Claudette Bleijenberg/unsplash; p. 224: ©FluxFactory/iStock;p. 288: ©monkeybusinessimages/iStock; p. 290: ©Lucas Miguel/unsplashProduced by the Publications Production Unit (PRODOC) of the ILO.The ILO endeavours to use paper sourced from forests managed in an environmentally sustainable and socially responsible manner.Code: DIN-WEI-CORR-PMSERV 3Since the last edition of the World Social Protection Report, in 2017, the world has been rockedby a crisis unlike anything in living memory. While we will not know the full implications of theCOVID-19 pandemic for some time, one thing is already clear the value of social protectionhas been unequivocally conrmed.The pandemic response generated the largest mobilization of social protection measures everseen, to protect not just peoples health but the jobs and incomes on which human well-beingequally depends. As we seek now to create a human-centred recovery, it is imperative thatcountries deploy their social protection systems as a core element of their rebuilding strategies.There are glimmers of optimism amid the devastation wrought by the pandemic, and thisrenewed appreciation of the importance of social protection is one. The crisis not onlyunderscored its indispensability, but radically recongured policymakers mindsets. They canno longer ignore the precarious situation of the many front-line workers whose essential rolebecame clear during the crisis, or of the informal workers who have frequently been excludedfrom social protection schemes.Another hard reminder provided by the crisis has been that we are only as safe as the most