英国essay写作-英国的工业革命

essay写作网（www.lxws.net）-专业留学生作业辅导中心英国essay写作-英国的工业革命The British industrial revolution brought about the development of social productive forces and the formation of new social class structure. As a new social class, the working class came into being with the industrial revolution. As the direct creator of wealth in the industrial revolution, how the living standards of the working class have changed and to what extent the working class has enjoyed the wealth fruits of the industrial revolution are questions worth studying. Real wages can better reflect the actual living standard of workers, which is the most direct and important index to reflect the living standard.英国工业革命带来了社会生产力的发展和新的社会阶级结构的形成。工人阶级是伴随着工业革命而产生的一个新的社会阶级。作为工业革命财富的直接创造者，工人阶级的生活水平发生了怎样的变化，工人阶级在多大程度上享受了工业革命的财富成果，是值得研究的问题。真实工资能更好地反映工人的实际生活水平，是反映生活水平最直接、最重要的指标。修改翻译结果Through horizontal and vertical comparison of the annual nominal wages of adult male full-time workers in 18 occupations in England and wales from 1755 to 1851, it can be found that: high-income government workers, clerics, lawyers, bank employees, engineers and inspectors have higher wage levels than other occupations, and they belong to the high-income class. These occupations also saw higher wage growth, with lawyers earning 699.7 per cent. In other industries, the wage level of agricultural workers and miners is relatively low, while that of skilled workers such as ship builders and engineers is relatively high. The growth rate was lower for agricultural workers and skilled workers, and highest for white-collar workers. By statistical standards, blue-collar workers are the closest to the "working class", with a growth rate of 95.89%.通过横向和纵向比较的年度成年男性全职工人的名义工资在18个职业在英格兰和威尔士1755年至1851年,它可以发现:高收入政府工作人员、神职人员、律师、银行员工,工程师和检验员的工资水平高于其他行业,他们属于高收入阶层。这些职业的工资涨幅也更高，律师的工资涨幅为699.7%。在其它行业，农业工人和矿工的工资水平相对较低，而造船工人和工程师等熟练工人的工资水平相对较高。农业工人和技术工人的增长率较低，白领工人的增长率最高。根据统计标准，蓝领工人最接近“工人阶级”，增长率为95.89%。Change trend of nominal wages does not reflect the change of the working class life level, when workers pay for food, clothing, housing, such as daily necessities, to buy books, movie tickets, let the children accept education, nominal wages into actual purchasing power, truly reflects the living standards of the working class. So we have to go back to that time and look at the consumption structure of the working class and the prices of goods. The price index constructed by Peter and Jeffrey is between the maximum value and the minimum value of the estimated value of this indicator, which is relatively relevant.名义工资的变化趋势并不能反映工人阶级生活水平的变化,当工人们支付食品、衣服、住房、生活必需品等购买书籍,电影票,让孩子们接受教育,名义工资为实际购买力,真正反映了工人阶级的生活标准。所以我们必须回到那个时代，看看工人阶级的消费结构和商品价格。Peter和Jeffrey构建的价格指数介于该指标估计值的最大值和最小值之间，具有较强的相关性。When nominal wages are adjusted for the cost of living, it can be found that the real wage growth rates of all kinds of workers are different, but the trend is basically the same. From 1755 to 1805, it rose slightly in stability; from 1805 to 1810, it declined to varying degrees; from 1810 to 1815, it rose significantly; from 1815 to 1819, it experienced another decline, and after that, it basically kept rising. This is generally consistent with the changing trend that most western scholars agree with after the industrial revolution: the living standard of the working class was basically flat in the early stage of the industrial revolution, declined in the middle stage, and improved in the later stage.In lewis' model, the labor supply curve with infinite elasticity and several labor demand curves intersect at the same level of wage. At this time, the increased labor demand will not lead to the increase of wage. Only when labor becomes a commodity in short supply will the increase in demand for labor bring about a rise in wages. Lewis model is an explanation of the economic transformation of developing countries, and the early industrialization process of Britain fits the description of this model. Therefore, lewis model can be used to explain the changing trend of the real wages of the working class during the British industrial revolution. The changing trend of the real wages of the working class conforms to the description of lewis model: the industrial revolution in Britain was basically flat in the early stage and continued to rise in the later stage.The premise of lewis' model is that the labor supply curve with infinite elasticity is the labor supply with infinite supply. In Britain, this can be traced back to the enclosure movement and the agricultural revolution. Previously, the British economy was a self - sufficient slave - owner manor economy. The enclosure movement and the agricultural revolution caused by it broke the original economic structure, changed the land ownership and agricultural production mode, and the capitalist tenant system brought the improvement of farming mode, which greatly promoted the development of agricultural productivity. It was this change that provided a huge reser