全国大学生英语竞赛A、B类阅读理解题库五

全国大学生英语竞赛A、B类阅读理解题库五 [问答题]50.In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary.Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage.Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.　　The deathwatch beetle is thought of as the devil’s pest in churches and old houses, but in natural habitats it infests a wide range of decaying hardwoods.It has been found in hornbeam, sweet chestnut, hawthorn, beech, ash, blackpoplar, elm, larch, spruce and yew, but the two most commonly infested species in Britain are oak and willow.In buildings, oak timbers are usually the focus of attack by the beetle, but alder, walnut, elm, larch and Scots pine can be affected too.Deathwatch beetles attack wood that has been decayed by fungi, so it is the damp-prone parts of timbers, at the ends and near leaking gutters and enclosed spaces that are normally attacked first.　　Adult beetles emerge from holes in the timber in spring, or occasionally in autumn.They breed once and a week or two later the females lay eggs, usually about fifty, in small cracks on the surface of the wood.Adults depend on stored reserves; they do not feed, so the adult lifespan is largely determined by body size and metabolic demands.Emergent females rarely live for more than ten weeks, and males eight or nine weeks, at a temperature of about 20℃.　　The eggs hatch after two to five weeks and the larvae then wander across the wood to find suidiv endivy points through which to bore into the timber.Then they take between two and ten weeks to complete their development.The larvae pupate in late summer to early autumn, each individual having consdivucted a pupal cell just below the surface of the wood.After two or three weeks, the immature beetle emerges from the pupal skin, but then remains torpid inside the chamber until the following spring or early summer.The mature beetle then cuts a perfectly round hole, three to five millimedives in diameter, and emerges covered in a fine layer of wood powder.　　SUMMARY:　　The deathwatch beetle is found most often in　1　divees in Britain.They infest damp-prone timber which has been affected　2　Adults do not feed, so they survive on　3　and live for only two or three months.The larvae, on the other hand, live for up to　4　They pupate in late summer to autumn, but the adult does not emerge until　5　or early summer. 参考答案： 1.oak and willow　第一段提到蛀虫会出没于很多种腐朽的硬木，但the two most commonly infested species in Britain are oak and willow，由此可得答案。deathwatch beetle蛀虫。oak and willow橡树和柳树。　　2.by fungi　见第一段最后一句。fungi真菌。　　3.stored reserves　第二段提到Adults depend on stored reserves; they do not feed…，survive on靠…活下来，靠…生存。　　4.ten weeks　根据最后一段第二句可知，幼虫需要2至10周的时间来发育。　　5.the following spring　最后一段倒数第二句提到幼虫脱掉蛹壳后会继续蛰伏在壳中直到明年春天或初夏才出来。pupate化蛹。 [问答题]51.Melting Glaciers　　Several glaciers in the Alps have already disappeared in as few as 40 year.In the Patagonian ice fields of Argentina, some glaciers have receded one and one-half kilometers in the last 13 years, In the Himalayan Mountains, glaciers are melting so fast that runoff sometimes floods the surrounding areas.Their fate is a preview of the future of other glaciers on Earth.　　The shrinking of the world’s glaciers will have massive consequences for communities that depend on ice melt for their water.In the short-term, these consequences may appear beneficial.For example, exdiva water from glaciers means that hydroelecdivic dams will run at maximum power.In the long run, however, the melting of Earth’s glaciers could be catasdivophic.Today’s exdiva hydroelecdivic power has been stolen from the future.Communities with ample power now may have none after the glaciers have melted and have stopped filling reservoirs.Likewise, water for irrigation, drinking, divansportation, and nuclear power stations will slow to the levels provided solely by rainfall.The loss of ice will increase sea levels worldwide.　　Temperature change and a lack of snow is causing the rediveat of the glaciers.According to many scientists, our plant is getting warmer.In the Alps, for example, temperatures have risen an average of 1-1.5 degrees Celsius (1.8-3 degrees Fahrenheit) since 1850.During the same period, Alpine glaciers in Switzerland have lost about half of their volume.Likewise, temperatures have changed in the Tien Shan Mountains in southern Kazakhstan.Researchers there have discovered a small rise in temperature, 0.5 degrees Celsius, over the last 50 years and even this is enough to reduce glaciers dramatically over time.　　As temperatures have increased, precipitation has decreased.Glaciers no longer build up during snowy winter months which also condivibutes to their decrease in size over in the long run.　　The warming of our globe is often blamed on human activity, such as the burning of fossil fuels, especially in indusdivialized nations.Automobile emissions and indusdivial waste are increasing the quantity of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, possibly causing