《自动钢管无屑切割机的研究与设计》-公开DOC·毕业论文.doc

摘 要 本文在详细分析钢管无屑切断特点的基础上，基于金属塑性加工原理，开发了一种钢管无屑切割机，主要进行了无屑滚切原理分析、无屑切割机总体方案以及机械结构设计和计算，无屑切割机虚拟样机设计提出了一种创新的无屑切割机构，选择了新型的直线电机传动方法并设计了整机的自动控制系统，最佳地满足了钢管定尺度的无屑切割工艺要求钢管切割的传统机械生产加工工艺大多应用切削加工方法来制造有精确的尺寸和形状要求的零件，生产过程中坯料的30％以上成为切屑，这不仅浪费大量的材料和能源，而且占用大量的机床设备和人力采用无屑滚切的工艺，工件不需要或只需要少量切削加工即可，大大节约了材料、设备和人力在结构设计上，使用Pro/E软件建立了切管机机械系统的三维实体模型和力学模型，分析和评估了系统的性能，从而为物理样机的设计和制造提供了参考依据通过利用虚拟样机技术，从设计的初始阶段——概念设计阶段就对整体系统进行了完整的分析，观察并试验了各组成部件的相互运动情况，使用系统仿真插件在各种虚拟环境中真实地模拟系统的运动，直接在计算机上修改设计缺陷，仿真试验不同的设计方案，对整个系统不断的改进，最后获得最优化的设计方案本文在研究了钢管无屑切割机结构特点的基础上依托Pro/E软件为平台，实现了无屑切管机的可视化、自动化和参数化设计。

系统地提高了设计、三维造型的效率和准确性实现了设计计算、数据修正、三维造型与绘制工程图纸的有机结合，同时也为同类产品的设计提供了有益参考在动力、传动、控制方面，根据直线电机的结构特点、性能优势和控制特性配合PLC控制，设计出结构紧凑、动态响应快、精度高、振动和噪声小、节能、高效的切管机系统本文通过选用两台直线电机成功地解决了切管机系统中定位、卸料和进给的直线运动问题关键词：切管机；无屑滚切；系统设计；PLC控制；虚拟样机AbstractOn the basis of the characteristic analysis of steel pipe chip-less cutting, the paper develops a steel pipe chip-less cutting machine, basing on the principium of plastic working of metals. Mainly on the analysis of the principle of chip-less of hobbing, chip-less cutting machine general planning and mechanical structure design and calculation, virtual prototype design of chip-less cutting machine, put forward an innovative cutting Chip-less agencies, Select a new type of linear motor drive method and design the machines automatic control system, meet the requirements of chip-less cutting of set-scale steel pipe at best.The traditional mechanical processing technology of steel cutting mainly is the method of cutting to The manufacture precise size and shape parts as required, more than 30% of the billet quality turns into chip in this production process. This is not only a waste of a large number of materials and energy and use up a lot of machine and human. If chip-free cutting process was used, work piece will became mechanical parts with only a little cutting or none, which greatly saving materials, equipment and human.In structural design, we have established a pipe cutting machine mechanical system of three-dimensional solid model and the mechanical model, analysis and assessment of the performance of the system with Pro/E software, so as to provide a reference to physical prototype design and manufacturing. Through the use of virtual prototyping technology, from the initial stages of design - conceptual design phase of the overall system on a complete analysis of observation and test the various components of the mutual movement of components, plug-ins using the system simulation environment in a variety of virtual real simulate the movement system directly on the computer modify the design defects, simulation experiment with different design, the entire system of continuous improvement, and finally obtain the optimal design, for the manufacture of the physical prototype of the fully prepared to do. This paper realize the visualization, automation and parameters in chip-less pipe cutting machine design based on Pro/E software after studied the structural characteristics of chip-less steel pipe cutting machine. Improved the efficiency and accuracy systematically in design, three-dimensional modeling. Achieved a seamless integration between design, calculation, data amendment, three-dimensional modeling and engineer drawing, as well as provided a useful reference to the design of similar products at the same time.About power, transmission, control, design a fast, dynamic response and high precision, according to the structure of linear motor characteristics, performance characteristics and control with the advantages of PLC control, which is small vibration and noise, energy saving, efficient system of pipe cutting machine. In this paper, by using two linear motors have successfully resolved the pipe cutting machine positioning system, and discharge into the problem to the linear motion.Key words: Pipe cutting machine; Chip-less cutting; System design; PLC control; Virtual prototype目 录摘 要 IAbstract II目 录 IV第一章 绪论 11.1 课题提出背景及研究的目的和意义 11.1.1 选题背景 11.1.2 研究目的和意义 11.2 切管工艺与设备技术发展综述 21.2.1 切管机的种类 31.2.2 国内外切管机及技术的发展概况 31.3 课题研究的主要内容 5第二章 无屑滚切的原理 72.1 无屑滚切的工艺过程 72.2 无屑滚切的工艺特点 82.3 工艺参数分析计算 92.4 切削功率的理论计算 122.4.1 理论假设 122.4.2 正压力的理论计算 122.4.3 摩擦面积的理论计算 132.4.4 切削功率的理论计算 13第三章 系统方案设计 153.1 功能要求 153.2 功能分析 163.3 功能方案综合 163.3.1 柔性进给 163.3.2 刚性进给 18第四章 结构设计与计算 204.1 刀架组合的设计计算 214.1.1 刀轴 214.1.1.1 刀轴的材料 214.1.1.2 刀轴的强度、刚度校核计算 224.1.1.3 刀轴的振动稳定性校核计算 234.1.2 刀片的设计计算 254.2 进刀与退刀机构的设计计算 284.2.1 径向进给导轨的设计计算 294.2.2 轴向运动转化为径向运动的结构设计 314.2.3 轴向运动与径向运动的组合设计 334.3 定位与卸料装置的设计 34第五章 传动系统设计 365.1 主切削运动的传动 375.2 进给运动的传动 425.3 定位与卸料运动的传动 46第六章 电气自动控制系统设计 496.1 系统控制功能分析 496.2 PLC介绍 516.3 PLC的选型 526.4 I/O地址分配及控制流程图 53第七章 总结与展望 56参考文献 57第一章 绪论在钢材生产以及机械制造过程中，对管材按定尺长度要求进行切割是必不可少的加工工序。

在机械加工企业，以前所采用的钢管切割方法主要有锯割、车削、砂轮切割、气焊切割、电火花线切割、激光切割等方法这些钢管切割方法在不同程度上都存在着切割效率低、工人劳动强度大、材料消耗等缺点[1]。