合词合句译法.doc

第十节 合词译法 无论是西方作家．还是中国作家，都喜欢连用同义词以强调其表达的意思西方作家常用的是成对词，而中国作家常用的是一条前后两个部分为同一意思的四字成语，或两条同义成语既然这些同义词表达的是同一个意思．我们就可以他们合起来翻译也就是采用合词译法．请看下面的翻译实例 1) You’ll supply financial power, and we’ll supply man power. Isn't that fair and square? 你们出钱，我们出人，这难道还不公平吗？ 2) In our workshop there is a hard and fast rule against smoking. 我们车间有严格的规定，不许吸烟或：我们车间严禁吸烟 3) He is dead and gone. 他的确死了 4) His father is a man who forgives and forgets. 他父亲非常宽容 5) Her son was wise and clever, but her daughter was silly and foolish. 她的儿子非常聪明，可她的女儿却很笨。

6) She shook and trembled with fear. 她吓得不停地发抖 7）He is a man of culture and learning. 他是个很有学问的人 8) We must reach our goals and aims. 我们必须到达目的 9） He suffered aches and pains． 他遭受百般疼痛 10) It's a ways and means of propaganda. 这是种宣传方法 11) It’s right and proper to try it. 试一试是完全正确的 12) The room is cozy and comfortable.这个房间非常舒适 13) She was surprised and taken aback.她着实吃了一惊 14) Really and truly? 千真万确？ 15) I hate all these hustle and bustle. 我讨厌这种拥挤不堪的场面 16)要不然时叫他趁早回心转意，有多少好处〔曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第四＋六回）Otherwise, the sooner she changes her mind the better for her. 17）其中又见林黛玉是个出类拔萃的，便更与黛玉亲敬异常。

曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第四十九回） Noticing too that Daiyu stood out from the rest, she treated her even more affectinately. 18)紫鹃笑道“我说的是好话，不过叫你心里留神，并没叫你去为非作歹何苦回老太太，叫我吃了亏，又有什么好处！” 〔曹雪芹《红楼梦》第五＋七回） "I meant well,“ was the smiling answer. “ I just wanted you to look out for yourself, not to do anything wrong. What good will it do if you report me to the old lady and get me into trouble?" 19) 这里赵姨娘正说着，只要贾环在外间屋子里，更说出些惊心动魄的话来曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第八十四回） As Concubine Zhao was storming, Jia Huan in the outer room made an even more startling statement. 20) (他们)都是些狐群狗党！（曹雪芹《红楼梦》第九十回） They're a pack of curs! 21）（宝玉和黛玉）真是言和意顺，似漆如胶．（曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第五回） 　　On all matters, indeed, they were in complete accord. 22）那宝钗却又行为豁达，随分从时，不比黛玉孤高自许,目无下尘，故深得下人之心；就是小丫头们，亦多和宝钗亲近．（曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第五回） 　　Besides, Baochai's generous, tactful and accommodating ways contrasted strongly with Daiyu' stand-offish reserve and won the hearts of her subordinates, so that nearly all the maids like to chat with her. 23）虽说是一枝小草，又无花朵，其妩媚之态，不禁心动神怡，魂消魄丧。

曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第一百十六回）… …though　it was so small and had no blossoms its delicate grace was utterly enchanting. 24）今日各自进去，孤孤凄凄，举目无亲，须要自己保重！（曹雪芹《红楼梦》，第一百一＋九回） 　Today, entering for the examination, you're going to be entirely on your own, so you'll have to take care of yourselves. 25）你看那正根正苗，忍饥挨饿的，要多少？（曹雪芹《红楼梦》第四十五回） Plenty of real gentlefolk go hungry. 26） 中国人民的不屈不挠的努力必将稳步地达到自己的目的．（《毛泽东选集》第五卷） By our own indomitable efforts we the Chinese people will unswervingly reach our goal. 27）他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。

He is determined to turn over a new leaf. 28）你怎么能过河拆桥、忘恩负义呢？ How can you kick down the ladder? 29）二十年，时间看起来很长，一晃就过去了所以，我们从八十年代的第一年开始，就必须一天也不耽误，专心致志地，聚精会神地搞四个现代化建设《邓小平文选》第二卷） Although a period of 20 years sounds quite long, the time will slip by very quickly. From the very first year of the 1980s,we must devote our full attention to achieving the four modernizations and not waste a single day. 30）有些企业和单位，群众自己选举出的干部，一些毛遂自荐，自告奋勇担任负责工作的干部．很快此作出了成绩，比单是从上面指定的干部合适得多《邓小平文选》第 二卷） In some enterprises and other units, cadres who volunteered for leading posts or were elected to them by the masses have achieved much in little time and proved more capable than cadres appointed from above. 31) 陈词滥调 old stuff 32）痴心妄想 wishful thinking／fond dream 33）长篇大论 a ponderous thesis/a lengthy speech (or article) 34）粗心大意 careless/ negligent 35）丰功伟绩 great（or magnificent）contributions. 36）灵丹妙药 miraculous cure /heal-all 37）自以为是，夜郎自大 self-conceited /arrogant 38) 以怨报德，恩将仇报 return kindness with ingratitude 39）低三下四, 奴颜卑膝 humble oneself 40）宽宏大量，既往不咎 forgive and forget 无论是英译汉，还是汉译英，我们都必须注意到原文中用同义词时所产生的强调成分。

如上面第三例句中“dead and gone”译成“的确死了”，第四例句“forgive and forget”译成“非常宽容”，第五例句中“wise and clever”和“silly and foolish”分别译成“非常聪明”和“很笨”，第六例句中“shook and trembled”译成“不停地抖”，第七例句中"culture and learning"译成“很有学问”第九例句中"aches and pains"译成“百般疼痛”，第十一例句中"right and proper"译成“完全正确”，第＋二例句“cozy and comfortable”译成“非常舒适”，第十三例句中"was surprised and taken aback"译成“着实吃了一惊”第十四例句中“really and truly”译成“千真万确”第十五例句中“hustle and bustle”译成“拥挤不堪的场面”第二十一例句中“言和意顺，似漆如胶”译成“were in complete accord”，第二十三例句中“心动神怡，魂消魄丧”译成“was utterly enchanting”，第二十例句中“孤孤凄凄，举目无亲”译成“to be entirely your own”第二十九例句中“专心致志，聚精会神”译成“devote our full attention to” 第十一节 合句译法 一般说来，英语句子要比汉语句子长，一个英语句子要比一个汉语句子具有更大的容量。

因此，我们在汉译英时有必要，也有可能把两个或两个以上的汉语句子翻译成一个英语句子.比较口语化的英语句子也比较短，我们在英译汉时也经常要用合句译法,把两个或两个以上的英语句子翻译成一个汉语句子.请看下面的例句 1) The young man was very miserable.// He has no money about him. // All his savings had been stolen.这个年轻人很惨，已落到了身无分文的地步，因为他所有的积蓄被窃 2) Darkness fell. // An。