功能对等理论的应用英文.doc

Nida ' s Functional Equivalence Theory and Application Abstractin fact, the esse nee of Nida ' Fun cti onal Equivale nee Theory ( F-E Theory) emphasis that the functional equivalence of information instead of the direct formal equivalence in translation. The relationship between the target language receptor and the target text should generally be equivalent to that between the source language receptor and the source text. This paper presents the translation strategy in the application of proverb and advertisement and help readers use the F-E Theory flexibly. Then, the paper lays a certain foundation for our further translation study.Key WordsFunctional Equivalence Theory ( F-E Theory ) ; Proverb Translation; Advertisement Translation.IntroductionBeing the kernel of the translation theory, Functional Equivalence Theory is proposed by Eugene Nida —the famous linguist and translator in America. His theories were introduced into China earlier which had a remarkable influence on the translation theoretical circle in 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, F-E Theory not only has a great impact on Chinese translation circle, but also gains a great many comments.1. The essence of Nid'as Functional Equivalence Theory( 1) The Foundation of F-E Theory1. Social Linguistics and Communicative Function of Language: Nida put DynamicEquivale nee Theory ( D-E Theory ) forward from the perspective of social lin guistics and com muni cative fun ctio n of Ian guage, which is writte n in his book, Toward a Science of Translating, published in 1964. Afterwards, he replaced the D-E Theory with F-E Theory, because Function, as a form of com muni catio n in tran slati on, which lays emphasis on the contents and results was more rational than Dynamic.2. Chomsky' s transformational and generative grammar ( T-G Grammar ): Accord ing to the Surface Structure and Deep Structure of Chomskys T-G Grammar, Nida proposed that translation should mainly reflect the functional equivalence in the deep structure rather tha n formal corresp ondence in the surface structure. Thus, the tran slati on text can be basically read, un derstood and appreciated in an orig inal way.(2 ) The Criterion and Principle of TranslationThe esse nce of tran slati on is paraphras ing: That is to say, paraphras ing the source text into the target la nguage and make readers un dersta nd the meaning of source text through translation. In other words, Nida believes that the contents are more important than the form in translation. However, he also emphasized that although the form is in a sec ond place, it does not mean the in sig nifica nce of the form. If form is n eglected for the sake of contents, the translation text looks must be tedious and aesthetic feeling of the source text will disappear. On the other hand, if form is overemphasized, literal fidelity cannot be expressed properly. The translation text will be superficial and away from the point.2. The Application of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory(1 ) The Application of F-E Theory in Proverb TranslationProverb is the magnificent treasure in human culture treasury. It is the accumulati on and sublimati on of various experie nces in humafs Ion g-term livelihood and social practice. Therefore, hav ing a good comma nd of using proverb helps people un dersta nd the thi nking methods as well as the customs and habits of a n ati on. Then, we use F-E Theory to get a grip of proverb tran slati on.Some En glish proverbs have no profo und meaning or obscure allusi on but merely words and phrases comb in ati on in a plain and straightforward way. For Example, Health is wealth can be translated into Chinese 健康就是财富 ”；when three know it, all know it can be tran slated in to Chin ese 三人知，天下晓 ”.This ki nd of proverbs can be comprehended literally so that word-for-word translation will not bring any problems. However, the other kinds of proverbs have rather disti nctive differe nee in cultural background, thinking pattern, standard of behaviors and lifestyle.Accord ing to the differe nee of culture and lifestyle betwee n Chi na and west, we can easily un dersta nd that why the latter is more acceptable tha n the former one. For this reason, the characteristics of distinctive culture and Ianguage and beauty in sound, form and sense can all be expressed through the F-E Theory.(2 ) The Application of F-E Theory in Advertisement TranslationThe style of the ad Ianguage is often distinctive and inspiring and it should catch the customers attention immediately through its special affection, stimulating people'desire to buy. Thus, the proper use of ad Ian guage makes further in flue nee and much meaning than ad itself. Some ads aphorism spread all over the world and are widely known by every family. To make the commercial ads successful, the impact of the tran slatio n of ad Ian guage should be equal to the orig inal ad Ian guage. We can find out the meaning of the source text from the target Ianguage accu。