托福阅读否定事实信息题难点最新.docx

托福阅读否定事实信息题难点托福阅读否定事实信息题难点 托福阅读否定事实信息题考点：对文章或段落主题抓取实力的考察 答题时留意看每个选项，尤其是当选项中出现了在该段落中没有的词句时，就可以考虑可能会有某个选项跟本段甚至整片文章的主题是相悖的 请看下面例题： Decades before this disaster,environmentalist had predicted just such an enormous oil spill in this areabecause of the treacherous nature of the waters due to the submerged reefs,icebergs, and violent storms there. They had urged that oil be transported tothe continental United States by land-based pipeline rather than by oil tankeror by undersea pipeline to reduce the potential damage to the environment posedby the threat of an oil spill. Which point is NOT made by theenvironmentalist mentioned in paragraph 2? A. That a huge oil spill in thewaters off Alaska was possible. B. That the waters off the coastof Alaska were dangerous for ships. C. That oil tanker should not beused to transport oil from Alaska. D. That an undersea pipeline waspreferable to a land-based pipeline. 这道题题干中提到的environmentalist是整个该段的主语，故不能作为关键信息词。

而发觉A. C.中的Alaska，都在段落中没有提到所以可以考虑某个答案与主题相悖这类题目，也可以多关注段落中是否有表示转折的词汇，例如but, instead of, however, rather than. 所以，稍加阅读后，发觉……land-based pipeline rather than by oil tanker or by underseapipeline…… 这句话当中出现rather than, 锁定D选项中同样的话语，刚好与原文观点相反，所以选择D. 托福阅读否定事实信息题考点：对最基本的细微环节信息理解的考察 这里可以用更简洁的说法：从词中选 所谓从词中选，就是可以在文章中找到几个名词，他们排列存在，共同构成某一事务的全部细微环节这时候，出题者会提取出其中三个，并在文章别处或者自编一个跟本领件并无关系的名词(词组) 请看下面的例子： In1943, the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem ofhousing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, butin some locations, including NY, controls continued. Under NY’s controls, alandlord generally cannot raise rents on APartments as long as the tenantscontinue to renew their leases. In places as Santa Monica, California, rentcontrols are more recent. They were spurred by inflation of the 1970’s, whichcombined with California’s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, aswell as rents, to record levels. Which of the following was NOT a reason forthe introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica, California? A. Rapid population growth B. Inflation C. Economic conditions duringwartime D. Record-high housing prices 在这道解除题中，由于四个选项供应的信息都是用名词词组，我们可以断定，段落中肯定存在其中三个词组，而题干中又出现地名Santa Monica, California. 故可将此地名作为关键词，锁定答案所在句子，然后逐一解除。

而……as Santa Monica, California, rent controlsare more recent. They were spurred by inflation of the 1970’s, which combinedwith California’s rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, ……. 这句话当中分别提到了A, B, D三个答案，所以答案为C. 托福阅读否定事实信息题考点：对事务发展程序理解的考察 这类解除题，也可以叫做------从句中选即考题所供应的答案均为相对比较完整的句子，那么其中有三句话，肯定是表达了整个事务发展比较关键的几个步骤，只有一句话与此步骤相悖这类解除题通常比较耗费时间，考生须要精确推断其事务发展步骤，甚至要通读全段，才能找出正确选项这里，我给大家供应一种在很大程度上节约时间的方法------点对点找寻 请看下面的例子： The sauce that is today called ketchup (orcatsup) in western cultures is a tomato-based sauce that is quite distinct fromthe eastern ancestors of this product. A sauce called ke-tiap was in use inChina at least as early as the seventeenth century but the Chinese version ofsauce was made of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices. The popularity of thisChinese sauce spread to Singapore and Malaysia where it was called kechap. The Indonesiasauce ketjab drives its name from the same sauce as Malaysian sauce but is madefrom very different ingredients. The Indonesian ketjab is made by cooking blacksoy beans, fermenting them, placing them in salt brine for at least a week,cooking the resulting solution further, and sweetening it heavily; this processresults in a dark, thick, and sweet variation of soy sauce. It is NOT stated in paragraph 1 that A. the Chinese sauce was inexistence in 17th century B. the Malaysian sauce was similarto the Chinese sauce C. the Chinese sauce was made fromseafood and spices D. the Indonesian sauce wassimilar to the Chinese sauce 对于这道题，题干中没有任何指示性的词汇，我们无法推断是从事务的哪个阶段入手，那么就只能每个答案逐一解除。

细致阅读A选项，然后发觉A选项中有17th century， 故可以将其作为关键线索，去文中找寻，……called ke-tiap was in use in China at least as early as theseventeenth century…… 文中的这句话表明A不能作为正确答案那么接着看B， B选项中同时提到Malaysian 与Chinese. 则可以到文中去找寻两个国籍名词同时出现的句子，通过推断，…… this Chinese sauce spread to Singapore and Malaysia where it wascalled kechap. 这句话表明，B也不能作为正确答案接着看C，C 选项当中有Chinese, 还有seafood andspices，于是锁定文中句子……the Chineseversion of sauce was made of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices……, 故C也不是正确选项至此，我们可以干脆选择D作为解除选项 托福阅读：修辞目的题举例分析 托福阅读的十种题型中，修辞目的题，跟其他题型不相比，独具匠心。

托福阅读考试中修辞目的题注意考察单词，短语或是句子在句子之内或句子之间起到的作用和逻辑这要求大家在阅读中，要有意识地留意句子之间的逻辑关系以及段落的结构 此次目的题参考的内容基本可以分为三类，其一，作者在句中提到一些单词或短语或是句子是为了举例说明之前的相关信息点，协助读者更好地理解原文的信息其二，作者供应相关信息目的在于说明说明某一现象或是事务，本质与举例说明较为类似，也是为了帮助读者更好地理解信息，其三，作者在提出某些重要的观点时，为了突出个别的信息点，而引入一些单词短语或句子，目的是为了强度基于对修辞目的题作者写作目的本身的分析和理解，我们可以更好地解决相关题目以下以第一种举例说明的状况为例，重点讲解如何解决此类题目 我们来看一道题，此题出自TPO14--children and advertising中的第10题，题干问why does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion c。