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9上U1GrammarB.ppt

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    • 《牛津初中英语》9A东台市时堰镇中学By MaYan Unit 1 Know yourself (Grammar B) both Both可作形容可作形容词、代、代词或副或副词用,意思是用,意思是“两个两个”、、“双双方方”、、“两个都两个都”在句中可作主在句中可作主语、、宾语或同位或同位语 如:如:Both are right.(主主语) I like both.(宾语) Both pencils are mine.(同位同位语))三者呢?三者呢? both一、一、Both和和both of后都可接复数名后都可接复数名词,构成名,构成名词词组 Both后的名后的名词前可有定冠前可有定冠词、指示代、指示代词或物主代或物主代词作修作修饰限定,也可没有;限定,也可没有;both of后的名后的名词前却一定要有前却一定要有定冠定冠词、指示代、指示代词或物主代或物主代词作修作修饰限定          both(the theseboth(the these,,,,her) childrenher) childrenboth of the(theseboth of the(these,,,,her)childrenher)children;;;;both of childrenboth of children。

      √×Both of后可接人称代后可接人称代词宾格,格,both后后则不可;但人称代不可;但人称代词宾格后可接格后可接bothboth of us(youboth of us(you,,,,them)them)both us(youboth us(you,,,,them)them)us(youus(you,,,,them)boththem)both√√× 二、二、Both与与动词连用用时,大多数放在系,大多数放在系动词be之后,其它之后,其它动词之前     His parents workers.     They reading.     若句中若句中谓语动词包含情包含情态动词或助或助动词时,,both大多放在大多放在第一个情第一个情态动词或助或助动词之后     The bridges be built this year.         kate and Mary gone to England.are bothare bothboth enjoyboth enjoymust bothmust both have bothhave both 三、三、Both可与可与and构成并列构成并列连词,,连接两个性接两个性质相同并在相同并在句中作相同成分的并行句中作相同成分的并行结构。

      构   Both he and his brother are good at English.    (连接两接两个主个主语)    She can both dance and sing.She can both dance and sing.        ( (连连接两个接两个接两个接两个谓语动词谓语动词) )        ( (连连接两个表接两个表接两个表接两个表语语) )Mary is both kind and beautiful.Mary is both kind and beautiful.她能歌善舞玛丽既友善又漂亮 both+ 名词复数名词复数of the ns / 代词代词... and ...作作主语主语看作看作复数复数1.二个女孩都来自英国二个女孩都来自英国2.科学和数学二门都很难科学和数学二门都很难 _____ _________ _______ England._____ _____ ______ ______ _______________ England.Both girls are / come fromBoth of the girlsare / comefrom______ science ______ maths ______ hard.Bothandare3.I can speak ______ Chinese _____ English.both and   四、含四、含both的句子的句子变为否定否定时,是将,是将both改改为neither。

        Both of the boys are clever.Both of the boys are clever.Both of the boys are not cleverBoth of the boys are not clever. .Neither of the boys are clever.Neither of the boys are clever.两个男孩都聪明两个男孩都聪明两个男孩都不聪明两个男孩都不聪明并不是两个男孩都聪明并不是两个男孩都聪明( (一个聪明一个愚笨一个聪明一个愚笨) )不完全否定不完全否定含含both……and……的句子变为否定句时,将的句子变为否定句时,将both……and……改改为为neither……nor..,连接的两个部分若是名词,可以是单,连接的两个部分若是名词,可以是单数,也可以是复数数,也可以是复数I know both the man and the woman. I know both the man and the woman.                                 Both beats and birds would have the bat as their friend.Both beats and birds would have the bat as their friend.I know neither the man nor the womanI know neither the man nor the woman. . NeitherNeither beats nor birds would have the bat as their friend. beats nor birds would have the bat as their friend.   not only... but (also)... 不但不但……而且而且…… •1. not only... but (also)...在句中常用来连在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分,接两个对等的成分,also可以省略。

      如:可以省略如:•He is learning not only English but (also) French. (连接两个宾语)(连接两个宾语)•他不但在学英语,而且还在学法语他不但在学英语,而且还在学法语•She speaks Russian not only in class but (also) at home.•她在课堂上和家里都说俄语她在课堂上和家里都说俄语 (连接两个(连接两个地点状语)地点状语) 2. not only... but (also)... 用来连接用来连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单、复数两个主语时,谓语动词的单、复数遵循遵循“就近原则就近原则”,即和,即和but (also)后的名词或代词的数一致如:后的名词或代词的数一致如:•Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents are fond of watching football matches. 不但周霞,而且她的父母都喜欢看足球比赛•Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.不但你,而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。

      3.not only... but (also)... 连接两个分句,当not only位于句首,前一个分句常用部分倒装来表示强调,而but (also)后的分句仍用陈述语序如:•Not only is the teacher himself interested in foreign films,but also all his students are beginning to show an interest in them. •不但老师自己对外国电影感兴趣,就连他所有的学生也开始对外国电影感兴趣了•Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports. 李小姐不但喜欢音乐,而且还喜欢体育 •4. not only … but also 中的中的 not only 不不能分开使用,但能分开使用,但 but also 却可以分开使用却可以分开使用例如:例如: The area was not only hit by an unexpected heavy rain,, but some bridges were also washed away. •5. not only … but also 连接两个并列连接两个并列成分时,可以省略成分时,可以省略 but 或或 also ,也可,也可以把以把 but also 都省略掉。

      例如:都省略掉例如:  I not only heard it but (( also )) saw it.  He was not only compelled(被迫)(被迫) to stay at home,(,( but )) also forbidden(禁(禁止)止) to see his friend.  She not only finished the task ahead of time,, (( but also )) she came to help us. •【【注意注意】】使用中注意两点:使用中注意两点:1、就近指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语Not only the students but also the teacher reads English every day.2、一致not only 与与 but also后面所接的后面所接的词类要一致词类要一致She can not only sing but also dance. •【【用法小结用法小结】】  •1. not only … but also 应连接两个相对称的并列应连接两个相对称的并列成分。

      例如:成分例如: Not only Mr Lin but also his son joined the Party two years ago. (连接两个主语)(连接两个主语) I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. (连接两个谓语动词)(连接两个谓语动词) He plays not only the piano but also the violin. (连接两个宾语)(连接两个宾语) They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory. (连接两个地点状语)(连接两个地点状语)  •Either ---or---•Neither---nor---  •either : 指两者中的任意一个•either...or...意为"或者……或者……;不是……就是……"之意表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列的成分 •neither: 指两者中没有一个,全否定 •neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成份  •Bent: Hi Sam, what do you think? •We can go to the tomb today. We can also go there tomorrow.• Sam: Let’s go tomorrow. The students are      all too tired today. •One complained that the room was not clean and not comfortable.We can go to the tomb either today or tomorrow.One complained that the room was neither neither clean nor very comfortable. •Ben: Well, I think the rooms are very clean          and comfortable, and I slept very well in    mine. Did you notice that Marco and      Peter did not come to the talk?•Sam: I suppose they were tired, but that’s not a very good excuse. Well, after visiting the ruins tomorrow, we can then relax. •We can go to the Dragon Restaurant. The Phoenix Restaurant is also very good. Did you notice that neither Marco nor Peter come to the talk?We can either go to the Dragon Restaurant or the Phoenix Restaurant. Either ---or---•Either you or I can go there tomorrow.  subject•I either stay at home or go shopping. verb•We could choose to eat either noodles or rice .  object           •They are going there either by train or by air.   adverbial Neither---nor--- Neither you nor I can go there tomorrow.  subjectI neither stay at home nor go shopping. verbWe could choose to eat neither noodles nor rice .  object           They are going there neither by train nor by air.   adverbial Try to correct the following mistakes if any•When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.   •Either my uncle or my parents is going there tomorrow.   •Neither they nor she is good at drawing.   •He does not do it, either does he try.          •Either of the films is good.        •There were trees and flowers on either side of the street.                         areneither  •If you don’t go to the party, I don’t too.•Are either you or I going there tomorrow?•Both dad and mum is at home today. •Neither of his cats has been fed. •Both he and I are right.eitherare •Either–用于句末,表示否定的“也”,类似too–Either +noun–Either of +noun•Either---or---–就近原则•Neither–用于句首,表示否定的“也”,倒装(nor)–Neither+ noun–Neither of +noun•Neither---nor---–就近原则 Try to distinguish---•Neither teacher often answers the questions.•这两个老师,没有一个经常解答问题。

      •Either teacher often answers the questions.•这两个老师中有一们常常解答问题 •I don‘t know both his teachers.•他的两位老师我并非都认识半否定)•I know neither his teachers.•他的老师我都不认识全否定) Sentence transformation1.Jim doesn‘t like football.   Tom doesn‘t like football, either.   =Jim doesn‘t like football. Neither (nor)does Tom.   =Neither Jim nor Tom likes football.2.He can‘t speak either Japanese or Chinese .   =He can speak neither Japanese nor Chinese. •Either you or he has lunch at school. •其一般疑问句应为:•Do either you or he have lunch at school? 是你还是他在学校吃午饭? ??? • both… and…, too, 用于肯定句与neither … nor…, either, 是相反的–Susan likes playing the violin.–Shirley likes playing it, too.–=Susan likes playing the violin, so does Shirley.–=Both Susan and Shirley like playing the violin. Amy's family and classmates B1 Amy is writing about what her family does at the weekend. Help her complete the sentences with the correct conjunctions. 1._____________ my dad _____________ my mum goes to work at the weekend. We visit my grandparents on Saturdays. 2._____________ my mum _____________ my grandma are good at cooking. They cook lunch for us. 3._____________ my mum _____________ my dad does the dishes after lunch. I also help with it. 4.In the afternoon, my grandpa and my dad _____________ play chess _____________ chat with each other. 5.My mum _____________ helps clean the rooms for my grandparents _____________ does some shopping for them. Amy and Suzy are talking about what jobs their classmates can do in the future. Complete their conversation with the correct conjunctions and the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. B2Amy: Suzy: Amy: I've learnt about jobs and personalities recently. Really? What jobs do you think our classmates can do in the future? I think Millie would make an excellent teacher. She's (1) ______________ willing to work with children ______________ patient with them. What about Simon? He's active and good at playing football. I think he can be (2) ______________ a PE teacher ______________ a football player. Do you think David and Lisa can be artists? They're very organized, but artists should be creative. (3) ______________ David's ______________ Lisa's personality (4) ______________ (be) suitable for being an artist, I'm afraid. Who can be a manager? (5) ______________ Judy ______________ Paul (6) ______________ (be) very confident and energetic. I think they can be managers. How can I learn about jobs and personalities? You can read about them (7) ______________ from some books ______________ on the Internet. Suzy: Amy: Suzy: Amy: Suzy: Amy: Suzy: Amy: 巩固练习:(   )1. —Can I park my car here?         —Yes,you can park on (  )  side of the street.   (苏州市)        A. either    B. neither    C. both      D. all(   )2. We asked John and Henry some easy questions,but (    )    of them could answer them.                   (上海市)        A. none    B. both      C. all        D. neither(    )3. —Which is more useful, biology or chemistry?          —I think (  ) them are useful.               (广州市)        A. either of     B. none of     C. both of     D. all of(   )4.  (    ) Lily (    ) Lucy may go with you because one of them   must stay at home.                                           (吉林省)       A. Not only;but also     B. Neither;nor       C. Both;and                  D. Either;orADCD 正误辨析正误辨析1.[误]误] Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. [正][正] Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. [析][析] 在英语中在英语中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:汉语,如:Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。

      我们俩不都对"而而Neither of us is right 才能被理解为才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确我们俩无一正确"2.[误][误] He or his parents has some tickets for the film. [正][正] He or his parents have some tickets for the film. [析][析] 由由or 连接两主语时,谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致连接两主语时,谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致3.[误][误] You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. [正][正] You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. [析][析] or作为连词,这里的意思为作为连词,这里的意思为"否则否则"又如:Hurry up, or you'll be late for school.4.[误][误] Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. [正][正] Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. [正][正] He is poor, but he is ready to help others. [析][析] "虽然虽然……但是但是"是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了"虽然虽然"则不则不要用要用"但是但是",用了,用了"但是但是"则不能再用则不能再用"虽然虽然",二者只可用其一。

      二者只可用其一 正误辨析正误辨析5.[误][误] Either you or I are on duty. [正][正] Either you or I am on duty. [析][析] either…or 连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应,连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应,这也叫作就近原则类似的用法还有这也叫作就近原则类似的用法还有or, neither… nor, not only…but also等6.[误][误] Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. [正][正]Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. [析][析] 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是所有词并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不可省都可作任意的省略的。

      当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不可省略,也就是讲连接的部分不可省略略,也就是讲连接的部分不可省略7.[误][误] My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. [正][正] My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. [析][析] 由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构如是动名词则都由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构如是动名词则都用动名词,如用不定式则都应用不定式,这是初学者要注意的一点用动名词,如用不定式则都应用不定式,这是初学者要注意的一点 正误辨析正误辨析8.[误][误] We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. [正][正] We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. [析][析] 用用both…and…作连接词时,其相连接的部分结构也要相同作连接词时,其相连接的部分结构也要相同9.[误][误] Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. [正][正] Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. [析][析] 由由not only… but also…连接两个主语时,其重点在其后面的那一个主连接两个主语时,其重点在其后面的那一个主语,所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。

      语,所以谓语形式应采用就近原则10.[误][误] Tom does not swim nor play football. [正][正] Tom does not swim or play football. [析][析] nor主要用于连接句子的对等连词,如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用主要用于连接句子的对等连词,如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用or, 但要注意句子的含意,如:但要注意句子的含意,如:This animal does not like a cow or a horse. 这个动这个动物既不像牛也不像马物既不像牛也不像马This animal does not like a cow but a horse. 这个动物不像这个动物不像牛而像马牛而像马 Choose the right verb form to complete the sentences.1.Both my brothers ________ in Italy. ( lives/ live)2.Neither of his parents ________ butter and cheese. (likes/ like)3.Neither John nor Mary _________ at home. ( was/were)4.Both Peter and Mike often _________ football match but neither of them_________ football very well. (watches/watch)  (plays/play)5.Either you or I ____ going to cook supper tonight. (are/am)6.Either my father or my mother _______ dinner. Both my brother and I _______ them on weekends. (cooks/cook) (helps/help)7.All the people in my family _____the 8.    housework. (does/do)livelikeswaswatchplaysamcookshelpdo Fill in the blanks with “ either…or…neither…nor…both…(and)1.My father and my mother are ________ teachers.2.   They teach in the same school.3.2. ______he _______she can join us. We want both of them.4.3. The trousers are _______ too short______ too long. Neither of them is the right size.5.4. She is ________Chinese ______ Japanese. She comes from Korea.6.5. Everyone helps parents with the housework because my parents _________ work. bothEither         oreither                    orneither                norboth Fill in the blanks with the proper verb forms1.Either your mother or your father ____(be) a 2.   worker.2. Either they or he _____(be) a student.3. Neither you nor Tom ______(have) this book.4. Both your parents and your sister _____(be) at     home. isishasare Goodbye 。

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