中考英语总复习 第二部分 语法知识归纳 第十三节 句子（一）课件.ppt

第十三节第十三节 句子（一）句子（一）考点精讲精练考点精讲精练 句子按使用目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、句子按使用目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句祈使句和感叹句考点考点1】】陈述句和疑问句陈述句和疑问句(★★☆★★☆)考点精讲：考点精讲： 一、陈述句一、陈述句: 1. 定义：定义： 用来陈述一个事实或表达一种观点的句子叫做陈用来陈述一个事实或表达一种观点的句子叫做陈述句，分为肯定和否定两种形式，一般用降调，句末用述句，分为肯定和否定两种形式，一般用降调，句末用句号 2. 常用的将肯定句改为否定句的方法：常用的将肯定句改为否定句的方法： 如果肯定陈述句的谓语动词是如果肯定陈述句的谓语动词是be，，have或情态动或情态动词时，在它们之后加词时，在它们之后加not构成否定式；如果谓语中不含构成否定式；如果谓语中不含上述动词而只有行为动词，则在其前加助动词上述动词而只有行为动词，则在其前加助动词do(第三第三人称单数用人称单数用does，过去式用，过去式用did)，再加，再加not构成否定式。

构成否定式 3. 部分否定与全部否定：部分否定与全部否定： 有一些表示有一些表示“全体全体”或或“完全完全”意义的总括词，意义的总括词，如如all，， every，，both，， always等，凡含有这些词的否等，凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定这些词要表示全部否定时，定句并非表示全部否定这些词要表示全部否定时，常用常用none，，no，，neither，，never，， nowhere或或not与与any，，anything等连用来表示另外，等连用来表示另外，all，，both，，every等和带等和带in-，，un-，，dis-等否定前缀的词连用时，等否定前缀的词连用时，也表全部否定也表全部否定二、疑问句二、疑问句 熟记：常见的特殊疑问词熟记：常见的特殊疑问词(组组) what什么什么(可用来询问职业可用来询问职业)；；which哪一个；哪一个；when什么时候；什么时候；why为什么；为什么；how如何，怎样；如何，怎样；where(在在)哪里；哪里； who谁；谁；whose谁的；谁的；what time几几点；点；what day星期几；星期几；what color什么颜色；什么颜色；what about ……怎么样怎么样; how much多少，多少钱；多少，多少钱；how many多少；多少；how far多远；多远；how long多长，多久；多长，多久；how soon过多久；过多久；how often多久一次；多久一次；how old多大；多大；how about ……怎么样怎么样;how heavy多重；多重；how big多大；多大；how tall/high多高；多高；how deep多深多深【【考题再现考题再现】】( )1. (2016毕节毕节)—_____ do you often get to school, Michael?—On foot. A. How B. WhenC. What D. Where( )2. (2016北京北京)—_____ are these bananas?—＄＄3.99.A. How much B. How long C. How heavy D. How bigAA( )3. (2015梅州梅州)—_____ is it the Qomolangma?—It’s 8, 844 meters. It’s very hard to climb the mountain. A. How deep B. How longC. How far D. How highD( )4. (2015广州广州)—_____ will the invitations be sent to our guests?—In three days. A. How often B. How soonC. How long D. How far B( )5. (2014梅州梅州)—_____ do you go shopping?—Sometimes. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How muchA【【考点演练考点演练】】( )6. —_____ people are there in Emma’s family？？—Three. A. How often B. How longC. How many D. How muchC( )7. —Excuse me, Sir. _____ is it from here to the Children’s Palace？？—Well，，only about five minutes’ walk. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How soonC( )8. —_____ are you always staying up so late these days?—To prepare for my final exam. A. How B. WhyC. When D. WhereB( )9. —Is the girl in red your friend?—_____. She is learning Chinese now.A. Yes, she is B. Yes, he isC. Yes, it is D. Yes, she doesA( )10. —Have you joined the Singing Club?—_____. I like singing, but I don’t have any time.A. No, I don’t B. Yes, I doC. No, I haven’t D. Yes, I haveD【【考点考点2】】祈使句祈使句(★★☆★★☆)考点精讲：考点精讲： 表建议、命令、请求、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等的句表建议、命令、请求、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等的句子叫做祈使句。

第二人称祈使句的肯定形式通常省略主子叫做祈使句第二人称祈使句的肯定形式通常省略主语语you而以动词原形开头，否定形式在前面加而以动词原形开头，否定形式在前面加Don’t中考对祈使句的考查往往从其构成和答语两个方面入手中考对祈使句的考查往往从其构成和答语两个方面入手 附：英语的基本句型是附：英语的基本句型是“主语＋谓语主语＋谓语”如果将主如果将主语与谓语位置调换，则称为倒装句倒装句的常见结构语与谓语位置调换，则称为倒装句倒装句的常见结构为：为：so/neither/nor＋＋be 动词动词/情态动词情态动词/助动词＋主语助动词＋主语【【考题再现考题再现】】( )1. (2016攀枝花攀枝花)—I think you are different now. —Of course, times have changed and _____. A. so have I B. so I haveC. neither have I D. neither I haveA( )2. (2014广州广州)—Sorry, I’m late. —_____ tell me the bus broke down again! A. Never to B. NotC. Don’t D. No( )3. (2014梅州梅州)_____ play with fire. _____ with fire is dangerous. A. Don’t; Playing B. Not; PlayingC. Don’t; Play D. Not to; To playCA【【考点演练考点演练】】( )4. I don’t know if you _____ to Mary’s party next Sunday. If you go, _____. A. go; so will I B. will go; so will IC. will go; so do I D. will go; so I willB( )5. As we all know, life is short but amazing. _____ it!A. Enjoy B. To enjoyC. Enjoying D. Enjoyed ( )6. _____ call me Wang Wang! It’s my dog’s name. A. Not B. NoC. Don’t D. PleaseAC【【考点考点3】】感叹句感叹句(★★★★★★)考点精讲：考点精讲： 定义：感叹句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、乐定义：感叹句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。

用感叹词等强烈感情的句子用感叹词what或或how引导引导(此时的此时的what/how意为意为“多么多么”)，常见句式如下：，常见句式如下：【【考题再现考题再现】】( )1. (2016烟台烟台)—_____ weather it is! Shall we go for a picnic?—I can’t agree more. A. What a good B. What goodC. How good the D. How goodB( )2. (2016宿迁宿迁)—Did you watch the China’s Military Parade on TV?—Yes. _____ great it was!A. How B. WhatC. How a D. What a A( )3. (2016昆明昆明)—Have you watched the boat races this Dragon Boat Festival? —Yes. _____ wonderful races!A. What an B. What aC. What D. HowC( )4. (2016长春长春) _____ great news it is! We’ll have a school trip next week. A. What a B. WhatC. How a D. HowB( )5. (2015广东广东)—So far, Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.—_____ he runs!A. How slow B. How fastC. What a slow D. What a fast B( )6. (2014广东广东)—Do you know Wang Feng? He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes. —Yes. _____ man he is!A. What a smart B. How smartC. What a stupid D. How stupidA【【考点演练考点演练】】( )7. —It’s said that an American teacher will teach us English next term. —Wow! _____! We can practice our oral English better. A. What an excited news B. How excited the news isC. What an exciting news D. How exciting the news isD( )8. —Listen! Someone is playing _____ piano. —Wow! _____ beautiful the music is! I like it very much.A. a; what B. the; HowC. the; What a D. /; HowB( )9. —Laura is able to speak five languages.—_____ unusual girl she is! A. How B. What anC. How an D. What a( )10. _____ interesting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer!A. What B. What anC. How D. How anBC( )11. _____ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square!A. How B. WhatC. What a D. What an( )12. _____ honest man he is!A. What B. What anC. How D. How anCB。