作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类.doc

作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类.合用文档.作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类一、作后置定语的短语源自于原定语从句A、形容词短语Aproblem(which/thatis)difficulttosolve.Hardtoworkout.Easytohandle.Anactor(who/thatis)famousforhisfineacting.AsMaster.Tousall.Arichman(who/thatis)content/satisfied/pleasedwithwhathehas.Aking(who/thatis)proudofhissuccess.=(takingprideinhissuccess.)Thestudent(who/thatis)anxioustokeepupwithothers.Aschool(which/thatis)farawayfromhere.Thehouse(which/thatis)differentfromours.Theword(which/thatis)commontomostlanguages.Something(thatis)wrongwiththewatch.(=thematter/thetroublewiththewatch.)Theteacher(who/thatis)responsiblefortheclass.(=inchargeoftheclass.)Abasket(which/thatis)fullofeggs.(=filledwitheggs.)Aboy(who/thatis)eagertogo.(=anxioustogo.)Aman(who/thatis)readytodieforjustice.Aman(who/thatis)afraidofmakingenemies.(=afraidtomakeenemies.)Books(which/thatare)easytodigest.Astate(which/thatis)similartomine.Anopinion(which/thatis)contrarytoours.Aman(who/thatis)oftenforgetfulhispromise.Customs(which/thatis)peculiartoJapanese...合用文档.Acondition(which/thatis)unfavourabletotheenterprise.Agirl(who/thatis)ashamedofplayingsobadly.Acity(which/thatis)well-knownforitshotspring.B、介词短语aman(who/thatis)ofhonour.(=anhonouredman.=anhonorableman)amountain(which/thatis)ofgreatheight(=averyhighmountain)amatter(which/thatis)ofnoimportance(=anunimportantmatter)achild(who/thatis)withouthome(=ahomelesschild)theman(who/thatis)atthedoor.Thebook(which/thatis)onthedesk.Theshop(which/thatis)oppositethepostoffice.Aman(who/thatis)withcurlyhair.Aspecialistinchestdisease.Anxietyaboutyoursafety.SatisfactionwithyourworkInterestinyourstudyIdeasbehindthetimesThemaninchargeNothoughtaboutgettingmarriedNotroubleaboutsmokingAlectureaboutsmokingHisdreamaboutbecomingrichAproposalaboutbuildingabridge..合用文档.ThenewsathomeandabroadConcernathearingthenewsDisappointatnothavingreceivedaninvitationPrideatmeetingTomagainExcitementathearingthewordThereasonfordoingitMedicineforcuringfoolsC、名词词组和副词词组等adesk(which/thatis)twometresinwidetheplace(which/thatistothe)eastofChinachildrenasyoungassevenpeoplemorethansixtythemenoverthereD、后置和前置问题有些形容词作定语时必定后置whatelse/moredoyouwanttosay?=Isthereanythingelse/moreyouwanttosay?Nothingelse/more.Anywherequiet.有些形容词作定语时可后置也可前置Ihaveenoughmoneytobuythecar.=Ihavemoneyenoughtobuythecar.Ihavejustcomefromthenearbyvillage.=Ihavejustcomefromthevillagenearby.Doyouseetheoppositehouse?=Doyouseethehouseopposite?..合用文档.而副词作定语只能后置thestatementbelowpeopleinsidethebridgethereourlifeabroadthedistanceacrossadayoffinJanuarylast/nextonFridaynextonthedayfollowingintimepastthetrendnowtheworldtodayandtomorrow而有些词前置或后置时会产生不同样意义theconcerned(担忧的)motherthemotherconcerned(有关提到的)thepresent(现在的)membersthememberspresent(在场的)theinvolved(复杂的)issuestheissuesinvolved(波及的)theresponsible(可靠的)manthemanresponsible(负责的)二、作后置定语源自于主谓〔即实意动词〕或主谓宾的定语从句可以缩短成以下五种非谓语动词形式。

五种形式：todo/tobedonedoingdone/beingdoneA、1.todo和tobedone作为不定式一般都表示还没有发生之事Westillhavealongwaytogo.=Westillhavealongwaywhich/thatwemustgo=Westillhavealongway(forus)togo.Hehadalotofwordstosaytohim.=Hehadalotofwordswhich/thathewouldsaytohim.=Hehadalotofwords(forhim)tosaytohim.=Hehadalotofwordswhich/thatwouldbesaidtohim.=Hehadalotofwordstobesaidtohim.2.但有例外若是先行词为序数词或形容词最高等，定语从句中的动作已发生，缩为非谓语动词时仍用不定式Hewasthefirstwhobroketheworldrecord.=Hewasthefirsttobreaktheworldrecord.Shewasalwaysthefirstwhocamehereandthelastwholefthere.=Shewasalwaysthefirsttocomehereandthelasttoleavehere.InsidethecapsulewasJohnGlenn,thefirstAmericantosailaroundtheearthinspace.Chinawasoneofthefirstcountriesintheworldtostudythescienceoffarming.In1964,KingwontheNobelPeacePrize.Hewasonlythirty-fouryearsold---theyoungestmantoeverreceivethishighhonour...合用文档.3.todo既可以是关系代词作主语也可以是关系代词作宾语的定语从句的省略形式。

Heistheverymantodothework.=Heistheverymanwho(作主语)candothework.Ihavealotofthingstodo.=Ihavealotofthingsthat/which(作宾语)Imustdo.=Ihavealotofthings(forme)todo.4.当todo是关系代词作宾语的定语从句的省略形式此后带有介词时，就必定考虑关系代词是作动词还是介词的宾语Therearesomanybooksthat/whichIcanchoosefrom.=Therearesomanybooksformetochoosefrom.Thisbookisasgoodasthatonesoitishardformetochoose.Inthedarkstreettherewasnobodywhom/who/that/省略wecanaskforhelp.=Inthedarkstreettherewasnobodywhom/who/that/省略wecanturntoforhelp.5.todo这一动词既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词若是是不及物动词，。