2022年考博英语-中国科学技术大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第164期.docx

2022年考博英语-中国科学技术大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The many rivers of Chile are relatively short, generally rising in the Andes and flowing west to the Pacific. In the northern and central regions the rivers are fed primarily by the perpetual snow cover of the Andes.问题1选项A.everlastingB.expansiveC.outwardD.movable【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. everlasting 永久的，永恒的，经久不变的 B. expansive 广阔的，辽阔的C. outward 表面的，外表的 D. movable 可移动的，活动的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析解题思路】perpetual的意思为“持续的，长久的”，用来形容snow，指的是安第斯山脉的永久性积雪，everlasting与之词义相近，因此A选项正确干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

句意】智利的许多河流相对较短，大多发源于安第斯山脉，向西流向太平洋在北部和中部地区，河流的主要水源是安第斯山脉的永久性积雪2. 单选题This website provides information and latest news about the latest gadgets with all its uniqueness and shortcomings.问题1选项A.devicesB.advancesC.operationsD.spheres【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. devices 装置，器具，设备 B. advances 进步，进展C. operations 手术 D. spheres 球体，球形【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析解题思路】gadgets的意思为“小器具，小装置”，devices与之词义相近，因此A选项正确干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符句意】本网站提供有关最新产品的资讯和最新消息，并介绍其独特之处和不足之处3. 填空题Much of what is best in Roots—the story of his family traces back over seven generations— was written out of this man’s own sufferings and despair. He is close to tears as he tells the story.                 A                                                                           B                                                                                             C                                                            D【答案】B traces back改为traced back【解析】【考查点】非谓语动词。

解题思路】根据was written，可知动作已完成，trace是非谓语动词，用过去分词traced表示动作已发生句意】《根》讲述了他的家族七代人的故事，其中最精彩的部分是他用自己的痛苦和绝望写成的当他讲述这个故事时，几乎要流泪了4. 填空题In the 8th century gigaku fell into disfavor because its frivolous (愚蠢的) character ________ the Japanese rulers of the period. (please)【答案】displeased【解析】【考查点】动词解题思路】because引导原因状语从句，横线处为谓语动词根据时间8th century，可知句子时态为一般过去时这里指的是伎乐愚蠢可笑的特点让统治者______，因此伎乐不受欢迎，displease的意思为“使恼怒，使生气，使不悦”，符合语境，其过去式为displeased句意】在8世纪，伎乐因其愚蠢可笑的特点，当时的日本统治者听了不悦，因此不受欢迎5. 填空题The wide application of electronic computers in science and technology will freeman from the labor of complicated measurement and _______. (compute)【答案】computation【解析】【考查点】名词。

解题思路】and前后表示并列，横线处应该和measurement都是名词，结合关键词computers，可知横线处单词表示计算的意思，computation意思为“计算”，符合语境句意】电子计算机在科学技术方面的广泛应用将使人们从复杂的测量和计算中解放出来6. 单选题Creatively exciting and commercially attractive…You’ve got a movie here that will _______ kids and adults alike.问题1选项A.appeal toB.resort toC.switch toD.refer to【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. appeal to 对……有吸引力 B. resort to 依靠，求助于C. switch to 切换到，转变成 D. refer to 指的是【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析解题思路】横线处和kids and adults构成动宾搭配关系，结合前面的关键词Creatively exciting and commercially attractive，可知这部电影非常精彩，孩子和成年人都会喜欢，appeal to符合语境，因此A选项正确。

干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合语境句意】在创意上令人兴奋，在商业上具有吸引力……这是一部既能吸引孩子也能吸引成年人的电影7. 填空题Persons in responsible positions may be abducted or assassinated on the grounds that they are “representatives” of some institution or system which their assailants are opposed.                               A                                                                                            B                                                                                   C                   D【答案】D which改为to which【解析】【考查点】定语从句。

解题思路】D部分到句尾是修饰some institution or system的定语从句，be opposed to为固定搭配，意思为“反对……”，介词to置于引导词which前句意】负责人可能被绑架或暗杀，其原因是他们是攻击者所反对的某些机构或制度的“代表”8. 单选题It has been known for many decades that the appearance of sunspots is roughly periodic, with an average cycle of eleven years. Moreover, the incidence of solar flares and the flux of solar cosmic rays, ultraviolet radiation, and X-radiation all vary directly with the sunspot cycle. But after more than a century of investigation, the relation of these and other phenomena, known collectively as the solar-activity cycle, to terrestrial weather and climate remains unclear. For example, the sunspot cycle and the allied magnetic-polarity cycle have been linked to periodicities discerned in records of such variables as rainfall, temperature, and winds. Invariably, however, the relation is weak, and commonly of dubious statistical significance.Effects of solar variability over longer terms have also been sought. The absence of recorded sunspot activity in the notes kept by European observers in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries has led some scholars to postulate a brief cessation of sunspot activity at that time (a period called the Maunder minimum). The Maunder minimum has been linked to a span of unusual cold in Europe extending from the sixteenth to the early nineteenth centuries. The reality of the Maunder minimum has yet to be established. However, especially since the records that Chinese naked-eye observers of solar activity made at that time appear to contradict it. Scientists have。