英语中矛盾修辞的语用解读.docx

英语中矛盾修辞的语用解读【摘要】矛盾修辞（Oxymoron）是英语修辞格之一，它把两个意义 相反，互相矛盾的词有意识地放在一起，來表达一种表面矛盾实际统一的 意思，从而产生一种特殊的语言效果Paradox和Oxymoron 一直很接近?s 又有差别的概念，本文首先将两者进行了分别阐释和对比，其次本文介绍 了矛盾修辞的组成结构，最后举出文学作品中的经典案例来分析矛盾修辞 在言语交际中产生的效果•矛盾修辞因其言简而含义丰富，因此掌握一定 的矛盾修辞大大有利于日常交际关键词】矛盾修辞效果矛盾&统一言语交际[Abstract] Oxymoron is a peculiar figure of speech and comm only used in both Chinese and English・ By putting two superficially contradictory concepts together , Oxymoron actually conveys seemingly contradictory but actually compatible meaning, and then creates a special language effect・ Paradox and Oxymoron are two concepts which are quite approximate but also different. In order not to confuse them, they will be explained first before further study cont in ues. Then, the structure of Oxymoron will be introduced to equip us with a basic impression of what it looks like・ In the end, with excerpt of typical examples from literary works, Oxymoron will be analysed for its effects in verbal communication. Because oxymoron is concise in form but profound in moaning, having a knowledge of some oxymoron is believed to benefit daily communication.【Key words 1 oxymoron； effect； contradictory & compatible； verbal communication1. IntroductionOxymoron is a peculiar figure of speech. It originates from“oxusmoros" in Greek, with “oxus" meaning sharp, and “moros” foolish. Together the word means sharp foolish" . Longman Modern English Dicti on ary (1976 ) give i ts def inition as below： “ a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms are combined to produce an epigrammatic effectv . A similar definition is also provided in Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics (1997), which says “ Oxymoron is a term in rhetoric for the deliberate coupling of words that are strictly contradictory・ Many examples are available for us to bettor understand it, for example, joyful pain, a wise fool, idiotic wisdom, and so on.As to Oxymoron, quite a large number of studies have been done, mainly from the perspective of semantics, pragmatics (潘红，1997； 党少兵，2000； 杨华,2007)； cognition (张旭，2006； 王文斌， 2010； 邱云燕,2008； 蒋大山,2008； 谢梦，200), rhetoric (李月 棉，2005； 薛玉凤，1994； 束金星，2002) . Due to its seemingly contradictory feature , many studios have been devoted to explanation of its structure and inner relationship between its components, as can be seen in the studies of 薛玉凤 (1994), 顾 明栋 (1985) • A small percentage of studies explore oxymoron for its aesthetic effect・ After reviewing previous studies, I feel that most studios was conducted at least ten years ago, while in the recent ten years rare work appears. Owing to this, I am determined to do some contribution here by providing my analysis of oxymoron from the perspective of pragmatics. 2. Oxymoron and ParadoxBefore entering into detailed study of oxymoron, we should make a distinction between oxymoron and paradox. In china , the distinction has not been given enough attention. Scholars, such as李？》迹?2004),赵永冠(2002),党少兵(2000),姚建华(2001), 李国南 (2001) menlionecl it, but failed to make a clear comparison between them・窦小英 (2009) made a relatively detailed comparison, arguing that oxymoron and paradox are the same in the effects they are creating， but are quite different because the former works on the level of sentences while the latter on phrases・Oxymoron and paradox are both tropes which are meaning-derivation processes whereby the hearer reinterprets the incongruity or incompatibility found within the conceptual st rue ture of an ut terance so that it fits in the context in which it has been produced. From the point of view of Pragmatics, by means of these tropes the contextual effects generated by the expression with the inner clash are highlighted・ In fact, paradox has a propositional dimension while oxymoron works at predicate level. Further explanation of oxymoron and paradox will be stated below・2. 1 ParadoxParadox can be divided into two types, namely verbal and situationa 1. Verbal paradox presents two or more terms that gen erate in put spaces whose con cep tual st rue tu res sta nd in con trast. In order to solve this contrast a projection space is created by Herrero (2015) via integration and accommodation operations in such a way that the structure of the apparently contrasting input spaces is possible in a given context； from this space we can derive the contextual effects produced by the utterance. For example：1) I must be cruel only to be kind (Hamlet)Sometimes doing harm is a way of setting the stage for something good to happen. The idea is not necessarily that one is cruel and kind at the same time, but rather that being cruel will help you to behave kindly later. We are dealing with two cont rasti ng men tai spaces although they are interdependent , also linked by a CAUSE-EFFECT relationship・2.2 OxymoronOxymoron are characterised by the fact that ono or more of the features in the matrix of features of one of the concepts used is either negated or contradicted by the other one. For instance, i。